7 U.S.C. § 3293 — Agricultural fellowship program for mid-

Page 1629 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 3293 1 So in original. The word ‘‘for’’ probably should not appear. (2) ensure that United States scientists, ex- tension agents, and educators involved in agri- cultural research and development activities outside of the United States have the oppor- tunity to convey the implications of their ac- tivities and findings to their peers and stu- dents in the United States and to the users of agricultural research, extension, and teaching; (3) enhance the capabilities of colleges and universities to do collaborative research with other countries, in cooperation with other Federal agencies, on issues relevant to United States agricultural competitiveness; (4) enhance the capabilities of colleges and universities to provide cooperative extension education to promote the application of new technology developed in foreign countries to United States agriculture; and (5) enhance the capability of United States colleges and universities, in cooperation with other Federal agencies, to provide leadership and educational programs that will assist United States natural resources and food pro- duction, processing, and distribution busi- nesses and industries to compete internation- ally, including product market identification, international policies limiting or enhancing market production, development of new or en- hancement of existing markets, and produc- tion efficiencies. (c) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section— (1) such sums as are necessary for each of fis- cal years 1999 through 2013; and (2) $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2023. (Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, § 1459A, as added Pub. L. 105–185, title II, § 229, June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 545; amended Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, § 7112, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, § 7131, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1228; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VII, § 7131, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1989; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, § 7117, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 875; Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, § 7124, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4794.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246. AMENDMENTS 2018—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted ‘‘2023’’ for ‘‘2018’’. 2014—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–79 amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: ‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2012.’’ 2008—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7131, substituted ‘‘2012’’ for ‘‘2007’’. 2002—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted ‘‘2007’’ for ‘‘2002’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title. § 3293. Agricultural fellowship program for mid- dle income countries, emerging democracies, and emerging markets (a) Establishment The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish a fellowship program for,1 to be known as the ‘‘Cochran Fellowship Program’’, to provide fel- lowships to individuals from eligible countries (as determined under subsection (b)) who spe- cialize in agriculture for study— (1) in the United States; or (2) at a college or university located in an el- igible country that the Secretary deter- mines— (A) has sufficient scientific and technical facilities; (B) has established a partnership with at least one college or university in the United States; and (C) has substantial participation by fac- ulty members of the United States college or university in the design of the fellowship curriculum and classroom instruction under the fellowship. (b) Eligible countries Countries described in any of the following paragraphs shall be eligible to participate in the program established under this section: (1) Middle-income country A country that has developed economically to the point where it no longer qualifies for bi- lateral foreign aid assistance from the United States because its per capita income level ex- ceeds the eligibility requirements of such as- sistance programs (hereafter referred to in this section as a ‘‘middle-income’’ country). (2) Ongoing relationship A middle-income country that has never qualified for bilateral foreign aid assistance from the United States, but with respect to which an ongoing relationship with the United States, including technical assistance and training, would provide mutual benefits to such country and the United States. (3) Type of government A country that has recently begun the trans- formation of its system of government from a non-representative type of government to a representative democracy and that is encour- aging democratic institution building, and the cultural values, institutions, and organiza- tions of democratic pluralism. (4) Independent states of the former Soviet Union A country that is an independent state of the former Soviet Union (as defined in section 5602(8) of this title), to the extent that the Secretary of Agriculture determines that such country should be eligible to participate in the program established under this section. (5) Emerging market Any emerging market, as defined in section 1542(e). Page 1630 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 3294 (c) Purpose of fellowships Fellowships under this section shall be pro- vided to permit the recipients to gain knowledge and skills that will— (1) assist eligible countries to develop agri- cultural systems (which may include agricul- tural extension services) necessary to meet the food and fiber needs of their domestic pop- ulations; and (2) strengthen and enhance— (A) trade linkages between eligible coun- tries and agricultural interests in the United States; or (B) linkages between agricultural interests in the United States and regulatory systems governing sanitary and phytosanitary stand- ards for agricultural products that— (i) may enter the United States; and (ii) may pose risks to human, animal, or plant life or health. (d) Individuals who may receive fellowships The Secretary shall utilize the expertise of United States agricultural counselors, trade of- ficers, and commodity trade promotion groups working in participating countries to help iden- tify program candidates for fellowships under this section from both the public and private sectors of those countries. The Secretary may provide fellowships under the program author- ized by this section to private agricultural pro- ducers from eligible countries. (e) Program implementation The Secretary shall consult with other United States Government agencies, United States uni- versities, and the private agribusiness sector, as appropriate, to design and administer training programs to accomplish the objectives of the program established under this section. (f) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated with- out fiscal year limitation such sums as may be necessary to carry out the program established under this section, except that the amount of such funds in any fiscal year shall not exceed— (1) for eligible countries that meet the re- quirements of subsection (b)(1), $4,000,000; (2) for eligible countries that meet the re- quirements of subsection (b)(2), $3,000,000; and (3) for eligible countries that meet the re- quirements of subsection (b)(3), $6,000,000. (g) Complementary funds If the Secretary of Agriculture determines that it is advisable in furtherance of the pur- poses of the program established under this sec- tion, the Secretary may accept money, funds, property, and services of every kind by gift, de- vise, bequest, grant, or otherwise, and may, in any manner, dispose of all such holdings and use the receipts generated from such disposition as general program funds under this section. All funds so designated for the program established under this section shall remain available until expended. (Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1543, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3694; Pub. L. 102–237, title X, § 1002, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1894; Pub. L. 102–511, title VII, § 705, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3349; Pub. L. 104–127, title II, § 277(b), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 978; Pub. L. 115–334, title III, §§ 3201(b)(3)(B), 3305, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4616, 4619.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 1542(e), referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 1542(e) of Pub. L. 101–624, which is set out as a note under section 5622 of this title. CODIFICATION Section was enacted as part of the Agricultural De- velopment and Trade Act of 1990, and also as part of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, and not as part of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 which com- prises this chapter. AMENDMENTS 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(1), substituted ‘‘for study—’’ for ‘‘for study in the United States.’’ and added pars. (1) and (2). Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3201(b)(3)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘section 1542(e)’’ for ‘‘section 1542(f)’’. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(A), inserted ‘‘(which may include agricultural extension services)’’ after ‘‘agricultural systems’’. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(B), inserted dash after ‘‘enhance’’ and subpar. (A) designation be- fore ‘‘trade’’ and added subpar. (B). Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(A), substituted ‘‘$4,000,000’’ for ‘‘$3,000,000’’. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(B), substituted ‘‘$3,000,000’’ for ‘‘$2,000,000’’. Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(C), substituted ‘‘$6,000,000’’ for ‘‘$5,000,000’’. 1996—Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(1), in section catchline, substituted ‘‘middle income countries, emerging de- mocracies, and emerging markets’’ for ‘‘middle income countries and emerging democracies’’. Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(2), added par. (5). Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(3), substituted ‘‘food and fiber needs’’ for ‘‘food needs’’. 1992—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(1), struck out ‘‘middle income countries and emerging democ- racies’’ after ‘‘fellowship program for’’ and inserted ‘‘(as determined under subsection (b))’’ after ‘‘eligible countries’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(2), substituted ‘‘described in any of the following paragraphs’’ for ‘‘that meet the following requirements’’ in introduc- tory provisions and added par. (4). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(b), inserted at end ‘‘The Secretary may provide fellowships under the pro- gram authorized by this section to private agricultural producers from eligible countries.’’ 1991—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted ‘‘pro- gram’’ for ‘‘Program’’. § 3294. Center For North American Studies (a) Establishment The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish a center, to be known as the Center For North American Studies, whose primary purpose shall be to promote better agricultural relationships among Canada, Mexico, and the United States through cooperative study, training, and re- search. (b) Location The Institute shall be located at an institution of higher education or at a consortium of such institutions. (c) Authorization of appropriations To carry out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1994