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15 U.S.C. § 2103 — Enforcement by Federal Trade Commis-

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2103 — Enforcement by Federal Trade Commis-

Page 1777 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 2105 Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–288, § 2(1)(B), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 113–288, § 2(1)(B), (C), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e) and substituted ‘‘(b), and (d)’’ for ‘‘and (b)’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 93–167, § 8, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 687, provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter] shall apply only to imitation political items and imitation numismatic items manufactured after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 1973].’’ SHORT TITLE OF 2014 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 113–288, § 1, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3281, pro- vided that: ‘‘This Act [amending this section and sec- tions 2102 and 2106 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Collectible Coin Protection Act’.’’ SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 93–167, § 1, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 686, provided: ‘‘That this Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Hobby Protection Act’.’’ § 2102. Private enforcement (a) In general If any person violates section 2101(a) or (b) of this title or a rule under section 2101(c) of this title, any interested person may commence a civil action for injunctive relief restraining such violation, and for damages, in any United States District Court for a district in which the defend- ant resides, has an agent, transacts business, or wherever venue is proper under section 1391 of title 28. In any such action, the court may award the costs of the suit, including reasonable attor- neys’ fees. (b) Trademark violations If the violation of section 2101(a) or (b) of this title or a rule under section 2101(c) of this title also involves unauthorized use of registered trademarks belonging to a collectibles certifi- cation service, the owner of suc

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Page 1777 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 2105 Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–288, § 2(1)(B), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 113–288, § 2(1)(B), (C), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e) and substituted ‘‘(b), and (d)’’ for ‘‘and (b)’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 93–167, § 8, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 687, provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter] shall apply only to imitation political items and imitation numismatic items manufactured after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 1973].’’ SHORT TITLE OF 2014 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 113–288, § 1, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3281, pro- vided that: ‘‘This Act [amending this section and sec- tions 2102 and 2106 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Collectible Coin Protection Act’.’’ SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 93–167, § 1, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 686, provided: ‘‘That this Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Hobby Protection Act’.’’ § 2102. Private enforcement (a) In general If any person violates section 2101(a) or (b) of this title or a rule under section 2101(c) of this title, any interested person may commence a civil action for injunctive relief restraining such violation, and for damages, in any United States District Court for a district in which the defend- ant resides, has an agent, transacts business, or wherever venue is proper under section 1391 of title 28. In any such action, the court may award the costs of the suit, including reasonable attor- neys’ fees. (b) Trademark violations If the violation of section 2101(a) or (b) of this title or a rule under section 2101(c) of this title also involves unauthorized use of registered trademarks belonging to a collectibles certifi- cation service, the owner of such trademarks shall have, in addition to the remedies provided in subsection (a), all rights provided under sec- tions 34, 35, and 36 of the Trademark Act of 1946 (15 U.S.C. 1116, 1117, and 1118) for violations of such Act. (Pub. L. 93–167, § 3, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 686; Pub. L. 113–288, § 2(2), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3281.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Trademark Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (b), is act July 5, 1946, ch. 540, 60 Stat. 427, also popularly known as the Lanham Act, which is classified generally to chapter 22 (§ 1051 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1051 of this title and Tables. AMENDMENTS 2014—Pub. L. 113–288 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, substituted ‘‘, has an agent, transacts business, or wherever venue is proper under section 1391 of title 28’’ for ‘‘or has an agent’’, and added subsec. (b). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section applicable only to imitation political items and imitation numismatic items manufactured after Nov. 29, 1973, see section 8 of Pub. L. 93–167, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title. § 2103. Enforcement by Federal Trade Commis- sion (a) Statutory authority Except as provided in section 2102 of this title, this chapter shall be enforced by the Federal Trade Commission under the Federal Trade Commission Act [15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.]. (b) Incorporation of Federal Trade Commission Act provisions The Commission shall prevent any person from violating the provisions of this chapter in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act [15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.] were incorporated into and made a part of this chapter; and any such person violating the provisions of this chapter shall be subject to the penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in said Federal Trade Com- mission Act, in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though the applicable terms and provisions of the said Federal Trade Commission Act were incorporated into and made a part of this chapter. (Pub. L. 93–167, § 4, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 686.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Federal Trade Commission Act, referred to in text, is act Sept. 26, 1914, ch. 311, 38 Stat. 717, which is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 41 et seq.) of chapter 2 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 58 of this title and Ta- bles. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section applicable only to imitation political items and imitation numismatic items manufactured after Nov. 29, 1973, see section 8 of Pub. L. 93–167, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title. § 2104. Imports Any item imported into the United States in violation of section 2101(a) or (b) of this title or regulations under section 2101(c) of this title shall be subject to seizure and forfeiture under the customs laws. (Pub. L. 93–167, § 5, Nov. 29, 1973, 87 Stat. 687.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section applicable only to imitation political items and imitation numismatic items manufactured after Nov. 29, 1973, see section 8 of Pub. L. 93–167, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title. § 2105. Application of other laws The provisions of this chapter are in addition to, and not in substitution for or limitation of, the provisions of any other law of the United States or of the law of any State.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1116 — Injunctive relief

**(a) Jurisdiction; service** The several courts vested with jurisdiction of civil actions arising under this chapter shall have power to grant injunctions, according to the principles of equity and upon such terms as the court may deem reasonable, to prevent the violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office or to prevent a violation under subsection (a), (c), or (d) of [section 1125 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125&num=0&edition=prelim). A plaintiff seeking any such injunction shall be entitled to a rebuttable presumption of irreparable harm upon a finding of a violation identified in this subsection in the case of a motion for a permanent injunction or upon a finding of likelihood of success on the merits for a violation identified in this subsection in the case of a motion for a preliminary injunction or temporary restraining order. Any such injunction may include a provision directing the defendant to file with the court and serve on the plaintiff within thirty days after the service on the defendant of such injunction, or such extended period as the court may direct, a report in writing under oath setting forth in detail the manner and form in which the defendant has complied with the injunction. Any such injunction granted upon hearing, after notice to the defendant, by any district court of the United States, may be served on the parties against whom such injunction is granted anywhere in the United States where they may be found, and shall be operative and may be enforced by proceedings to punish for contempt, or otherwise, by the court by which such injunction was granted, or by any other United States district court in whose jurisdiction the defend

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1116 — Injunctive relief

Page 1314 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 1116 1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘manufacturer’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 105–330 effective Oct. 30, 1998, and applicable only to any civil action filed or pro- ceeding before the United States Patent and Trade- mark Office commenced on or after such date relating to the registration of a mark, see section 201(b) of Pub. L. 105–330, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 100–667 effective one year after Nov. 16, 1988, see section 136 of Pub. L. 100–667, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title. REPEAL AND EFFECT ON EXISTING RIGHTS Repeal of inconsistent provisions, effect of this chap- ter on pending proceedings and existing registrations and rights under prior acts, see notes set out under sec- tion 1051 of this title. § 1116. Injunctive relief (a) Jurisdiction; service The several courts vested with jurisdiction of civil actions arising under this chapter shall have power to grant injunctions, according to the principles of equity and upon such terms as the court may deem reasonable, to prevent the violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office or to prevent a violation under subsection (a), (c), or (d) of section 1125 of this title. A plaintiff seeking any such injunction shall be entitled to a rebuttable presumption of irrep- arable harm upon a finding of a violation identi- fied in this subsection in the case of a motion for a permanent injunction or upon a finding of likelihood of success on the merits for a viola- tion identified in this subsection in the case of a motion for a preliminary

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2103 — Enforcement by Federal Trade Commission

**(a) Statutory authority** Except as provided in [section 2102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2102&num=0&edition=prelim), this chapter shall be enforced by the Federal Trade Commission under the Federal Trade Commission Act [[15 U.S.C. 41](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section41&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]. **(b) Incorporation of Federal Trade Commission Act provisions** The Commission shall prevent any person from violating the provisions of this chapter in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act [[15 U.S.C. 41](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section41&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] were incorporated into and made a part of this chapter; and any such person violating the provisions of this chapter shall be subject to the penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in said Federal Trade Commission Act, in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though the applicable terms and provisions of the said Federal Trade Commission Act were incorporated into and made a part of this chapter.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 41 — Federal Trade Commission established; membership; vacancies; seal

A commission is created and established, to be known as the Federal Trade Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission), which shall be composed of five Commissioners, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more than three of the Commissioners shall be members of the same political party. The first Commissioners appointed shall continue in office for terms of three, four, five, six, and seven years, respectively, from September 26, 1914, the term of each to be designated by the President, but their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years, except that any person chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the Commissioner whom he shall succeed: Provided, however, That upon the expiration of his term of office a Commissioner shall continue to serve until his successor shall have been appointed and shall have qualified..11 So in original. The President shall choose a chairman from the Commission’s membership. No Commissioner shall engage in any other business, vocation, or employment. Any Commissioner may be removed by the President for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office. A vacancy in the Commission shall not impair the right of the remaining Commissioners to exercise all the powers of the Commission.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 41 — Federal Trade Commission established;

Page 48 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 41 1 So in original. Sec. 74. Rules and regulations. 75. Retaliation against country prohibiting im- portations. 76. Retaliation against restriction of importa- tions in time of war. 77. Discrimination against neutral Americans in time of war. SUBCHAPTER I—FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION § 41. Federal Trade Commission established; membership; vacancies; seal A commission is created and established, to be known as the Federal Trade Commission (here- inafter referred to as the Commission), which shall be composed of five Commissioners, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more than three of the Commissioners shall be mem- bers of the same political party. The first Com- missioners appointed shall continue in office for terms of three, four, five, six, and seven years, respectively, from September 26, 1914, the term of each to be designated by the President, but their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years, except that any person chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the un- expired term of the Commissioner whom he shall succeed: Provided, however, That upon the expiration of his term of office a Commissioner shall continue to serve until his successor shall have been appointed and shall have qualified..1 The President shall choose a chairman from the Commission’s membership. No Commissioner shall engage in any other business, vocation, or employment. Any Commissioner may be re- moved by the President for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office. A vacancy in the Commission shall not impair the right of the remaining Commissioners to exercise all the powers of the Commission. The Commission shall have a

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