15 U.S.C. § 3114 — Regional and structural employment poli-

Page 1988 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 3111 SUBCHAPTER I—STRUCTURAL ECONOMIC POLICIES AND PROGRAMS INCLUDING TREATMENT OF RESOURCE RESTRAINTS § 3111. Congressional statement of purpose The Congress recognizes that general eco- nomic policies alone have been unable to achieve the goals set forth in this chapter re- lated to full employment, production, and real income, balanced growth, adequate growth in productivity, proper attention to national prior- ities, achievement of an improved trade balance through increased exports and improvement in the international competitiveness of agri- culture, business, and industry, and achieve- ment of reasonable price stability as provided for in section 1022b(b) of this title. It is, there- fore, the purpose of this subchapter to require the President to initiate, as the President deems appropriate, with recommendations to the Con- gress where necessary, supplementary programs and policies to the extent that the President finds such action necessary to help achieve these goals, including the goals and timetable for the reduction of unemployment. Insofar as feasible without undue delay, any policies and programs so recommended shall be included in the Economic Report. (Pub. L. 95–523, title II, § 201, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1899.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT For definition of ‘‘this chapter’’, referred to in text, see References in Text note set out under section 3102 of this title. § 3112. Countercyclical employment policies (a) Programmatic entities Any countercyclical efforts undertaken to aid in achieving the purposes of section 3111 of this title shall consider for inclusion the following programmatic entities: (1) accelerated public works, including the development of standby public works projects; (2) public service employment; (3) State and local grant programs; (4) the levels and duration of unemployment insurance; (5) skill training in both the private and pub- lic sectors, both as a general remedy and as a supplement to unemployment insurance; (6) youth employment programs as specified in section 3115 of this title; (7) community development programs to provide employment in activities of value to the States, local communities (including rural areas), and the Nation; (8) Federal procurement programs which are targeted on labor surplus areas; and (9) augmentation of other employment and training programs which would help to reduce high levels of unemployment arising from cy- clical causes. (b) Triggering mechanism In any countercyclical efforts undertaken, the President shall consider a triggering mechanism which will implement the program during a pe- riod of rising unemployment and phase out the program when unemployment is appropriately reduced, and incorporate effective means to fa- cilitate individuals assisted under programs de- veloped pursuant to this section to return promptly to regular private and public employ- ment as the economy recovers. (Pub. L. 95–523, title II, § 202, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1900.) § 3113. Economic activity coordination (a) Federal, regional, State, local, and private sector As an integral part of any countercyclical em- ployment policies undertaken in accord with section 3112 of this title, the President shall, to the extent the President deems necessary, set forth programs and policies, including rec- ommended legislation where needed, to coordi- nate economic action among the Federal Gov- ernment, regions, States and localities, and the private sector to promote achievement of the purposes of this chapter and the Employment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.] and an eco- nomic environment in which State and local governments and private sector economic activ- ity and employment will prosper. In considering programs and policies related to the private sec- tor, full consideration shall be given to pro- moting the growth and well-being of small busi- nesses and employment training programs through private sector incentives. (b) Fiscal needs and budget conditions In any efforts under this section, the President shall endeavor to meet criteria that establish programs which are funded to take account of the fiscal needs and budget conditions of the re- spective States and localities and their own ef- forts, with special attention to the rates of un- employment in such States and localities. (Pub. L. 95–523, title II, § 203, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1900.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT For definition of ‘‘this chapter’’, referred to in sub- sec. (a), see References in Text note set out under sec- tion 3102 of this title. The Employment Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (a), is act Feb. 20, 1946, ch. 33, 60 Stat. 23, which is clas- sified generally to chapter 21 (§ 1021 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1021 of this title and Tables. Executive Documents EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12329 Ex. Ord. No. 12329, Oct. 14, 1981, 46 F.R. 50919, which established the President’s Task Force on Private Sec- tor Initiatives and provided for its membership, func- tions, etc., was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12399, § 4(i), Dec. 31, 1982, 48 F.R. 380, formerly set out as a note under section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. § 3114. Regional and structural employment poli- cies and programs (a) Recommendation of legislation To the extent deemed appropriate by the President in fulfillment of the purposes of sec- Page 1989 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 3116 1 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized. 2 So in original. The semicolon probably should be a period. tion 3111 of this title, the President shall rec- ommend legislation to the Congress if nec- essary, regional and structural employment policies and programs. (b) Private sector production and employment; effect of Federal policies In formulating the regional components of any such programs, the President shall encourage to the extent the President deems necessary, new private sector production and employment to lo- cate within depressed localities and regions with substantial unemployment and to aid in stabi- lizing their economic base. To the extent fea- sible, such policies and programs shall foster the establishment and growth of smaller businesses in such localities and regions. Any regional em- ployment proposal of the President shall also in- clude an analysis of the extent to which Federal tax, expenditure (including procurement of goods and services), defense, transportation, en- ergy, natural resources and employment policies have influenced the movement of people, jobs, and small and larger business and industries from chronic high unemployment regions and areas, and proposals designed to correct Federal policies that have an adverse economic impact upon such regions and areas. (Pub. L. 95–523, title II, § 204, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1901.) § 3115. Youth employment policies and programs (a) Congressional findings The Congress finds and declares— (1) That 1 serious unemployment and eco- nomic disadvantage of a unique nature exist among youths even under generally favorable economic conditions; (2) that this group constitutes a substantial portion of the Nation’s unemployment, and that this significantly contributes to crime, alcoholism and drug abuse, and other social and economic problems; and (3) that many youths have special employ- ment needs and problems which, if not promptly addressed, will substantially con- tribute to more severe unemployment prob- lems in the long run. (b) Improvement and expansion To the extent deemed necessary in fulfillment of the purposes of this chapter, the President shall improve and expand existing youth em- ployment programs, recommending legislation where required. In formulating any such pro- gram, the President shall— (1) include provisions designed to fully co- ordinate youth employment activities with other employment and training programs; (2) develop a smoother transition from school to work; (3) prepare disadvantaged and other youths with employability handicaps for regular self- sustaining employment; (4) develop realistic methods for combining training with work; and (5) develop provisions designed to attract structurally unemployed youth into produc- tive full-time employment through incentives to private and independent sector businesses; 2 (Pub. L. 95–523, title II, § 205, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1901.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT For definition of ‘‘this chapter’’, referred to in sub- sec. (b), see References in Text note set out under sec- tion 3102 of this title. § 3116. Job training, counseling and reservoirs of employment projects (a) Policies, procedures and recommendations Further to promote achievement of full em- ployment under this chapter and the Employ- ment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.], the President, through the Secretary of Labor, shall develop policies and procedures and, as nec- essary, recommend programs for providing em- ployment opportunities to individuals aged 16 and over in the civilian labor force who are able, willing, and seeking to work but who, despite se- rious efforts to obtain employment, remain un- employed. (b) Utilization of authority under other laws In meeting the responsibilities under sub- section (a), the Secretary of Labor shall, as ap- propriate, fully utilize the authority provided under title I of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act [29 U.S.C. 3111 et seq.] and other relevant provisions of law to— (1) assure the availability of counseling, training, and other support activities nec- essary to prepare persons willing and seeking work for employment; (2) refer persons able, willing, and seeking to work to job opportunities in the private and public sectors through the existing public em- ployment placement facilities and through the United States Employment Service of the De- partment of Labor, including job opportunities in any positions created under programs es- tablished pursuant to sections 3112, 3114, and 3115 of this title; and (3) encourage flexi-time and part-time jobs for persons who are able, willing, and seeking employment but who are unable to work a standard workweek. (c) Establishment of project reservoirs; restric- tions and requirements of new programs (1) To the extent that individuals aged sixteen and over and able, willing, and seeking to work are not and in the judgment of the President cannot be provided with private job opportuni- ties or job opportunities under other programs and actions in existence, in accord with the goals and timetables set forth in the Employ- ment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.], the President shall, as may be authorized by law, es- tablish reservoirs of public employment and pri- vate nonprofit employment projects, to be ap- proved by the Secretary of Labor, through ex- pansion of activities under title I of the Work- force Innovation and Opportunity Act [29 U.S.C. 3111 et seq.] and other existing employment and