18 U.S.C. § 591 — Untitled legal text

Page 143 TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE § 593 Sec. 601. Deprivation of employment or other benefit for political contribution. 602. Solicitation of political contributions. 603. Making political contributions. 604. Solicitation from persons on relief. 605. Disclosure of names of persons on relief. 606. Intimidation to secure political contribu- tions. 607. Place of solicitation. 608. Absent uniformed services voters and over- seas voters. 609. Use of military authority to influence vote of member of Armed Forces. 610. Coercion of political activity. 611. Voting by aliens. [612 to 617. Repealed.] SENATE REVISION AMENDMENT By Senate amendment, item 610 was changed to read, ‘‘610. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations’’. See Senate Re- port No. 1620, amendment Nos. 4 and 5, 80th Cong. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1996—Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title II, § 216(b), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–573, added item 611. 1993—Pub. L. 103–94, § 4(c)(2), Oct. 6, 1993, 107 Stat. 1005, added item 610. 1990—Pub. L. 101–647, title XXXV, § 3516, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4923, substituted ‘‘Making political contribu- tions’’ for ‘‘Place of solicitation’’ in item 603 and ‘‘Place of solicitation’’ for ‘‘Making political contribu- tions’’ in item 607. 1986—Pub. L. 99–410, title II, § 202(b), Aug. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 929, added items 608 and 609. 1980—Pub. L. 96–187, title II, § 201(a)(2), Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1367, struck out item 591 ‘‘Definitions’’. 1976—Pub. L. 94–453, § 2, Oct. 2, 1976, 90 Stat. 1517, sub- stituted ‘‘political contribution’’ for ‘‘political activ- ity’’ in item 601. Pub. L. 94–283 title II, § 201(b), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 496, struck out items ‘‘608. Limitations on contribu- tions and expenditures’’, ‘‘610. Contributions or expend- itures by national banks, corporations or labor organi- zations’’, ‘‘611. Contributions by Government contrac- tors’’, ‘‘612. Publication or distribution of political statements’’, ‘‘613. Contributions by foreign nationals’’, ‘‘614. Prohibition of contributions in name of another’’, ‘‘615. Limitation on contributions of currency’’, ‘‘616. Acceptance of excessive honorariums’’, and ‘‘617. Fraudulent misrepresentation of campaign authority’’. 1974—Pub. L. 93–443, title I, § 101(d)(4)(B), (f)(3), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1267, 1268, substituted ‘‘Contributions by foreign nationals’’ for ‘‘Contributions by agents of foreign principals’’ in item 613, and added items 614 to 617. 1972—Pub. L. 92–225, title II, § 207, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 11, substituted ‘‘contributions and expenditures’’ for ‘‘political contributions and purchases’’ in item 608, ‘‘Repealed’’ for ‘‘Maximum contributions and expendi- tures’’ in item 609, and ‘‘Government contractors’’ for ‘‘firms or individuals contracting with the United States’’ in item 611. 1966—Pub. L. 89–486, § 8(c)(1), July 4, 1966, 80 Stat. 249, added item 613. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries STATE LAWS AFFECTED; DEFINITIONS Pub. L. 93–443, title I, § 104, Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1272, provided that: ‘‘(a) The provisions of chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code, relating to elections and political activi- ties, supersede and preempt any provision of State law with respect to election to Federal office. ‘‘(b) For purposes of this section, the terms ‘election’, ‘Federal office’, and ‘State’ have the meanings given them by section 591 of title 18, United States Code.’’ [§ 591. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–187, title II, § 201(a)(1), Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1367] Section, acts June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 719; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 9, 63 Stat. 90; Sept. 22, 1970, Pub. L. 91–405, title II, § 204(d)(4), 84 Stat. 853; Feb. 7, 1972, Pub. L. 92–225, title II, § 201, 86 Stat. 8; Oct. 15, 1974, Pub. L. 93–443, title I, §§ 101(f)(2), 102, 88 Stat. 1268, 1269; May 11, 1976, Pub. L. 94–283, title I, § 115(g), title II, § 202, 90 Stat. 496, 497, defined terms applicable to prohibitions re- specting elections and political activities. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal effective Jan. 8, 1980, see section 301(a) of Pub. L. 96–187, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amend- ment note under section 30101 of Title 52, Voting and Elections. § 592. Troops at polls Whoever, being an officer of the Army or Navy, or other person in the civil, military, or naval service of the United States, orders, brings, keeps, or has under his authority or con- trol any troops or armed men at any place where a general or special election is held, unless such force be necessary to repel armed enemies of the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both; and be disqualified from holding any office of honor, profit, or trust under the United States. This section shall not prevent any officer or member of the armed forces of the United States from exercising the right of suffrage in any elec- tion district to which he may belong, if other- wise qualified according to the laws of the State in which he offers to vote. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 719; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 55 and 59 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, §§ 22, 26, 35 Stat. 1092, 1093). This section consolidates sections 55 and 59 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed. Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative. In second paragraph, words ‘‘or member of the Armed Forces of the United States’’ were substituted for ‘‘sol- dier, sailor, or marine’’ so as to cover those auxiliaries which are now component parts of the Army and Navy. Changes in phraseology were also made. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $5,000’’. § 593. Interference by armed forces Whoever, being an officer or member of the Armed Forces of the United States, prescribes or fixes or attempts to prescribe or fix, whether by proclamation, order or otherwise, the qualifica- tions of voters at any election in any State; or Whoever, being such officer or member, pre- vents or attempts to prevent by force, threat, intimidation, advice or otherwise any qualified voter of any State from fully exercising the right of suffrage at any general or special elec- tion; or