42 U.S.C. § 12003 — National goals and multi-year funding

Page 8233 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 12003 1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘; and’’. gated by the Small Business Administration under section 632(a) of title 15 for the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code designated by the Secretary of Energy as the primary business activity to be undertaken in the dem- onstration and commercial application project; (5) the term ‘‘source reduction’’ means any practice which— (A) reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant enter- ing any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment, including fugitive emissions, prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal; and (B) reduces the hazards to the public health and the environment associated with the release of such substances, pollutants, or contaminants, including equipment or technology modifica- tions, process or procedure modifications, re- formulation or redesign of products, substi- tution of raw materials, and improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, and in- ventory control, but not including any prac- tice which alters the physical, chemical, or bi- ological characteristics or the volume of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contami- nant through a process or activity which itself is not integral to and necessary for the pro- duction of a product or the providing of a serv- ice; 1 (6) the term ‘‘United States’’ means the sev- eral States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other Common- wealth, territory, or possession of the United States. (Pub. L. 101–218, § 3, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1859; Pub. L. 102–486, title XII, § 1202(d)(4), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2960.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This chapter, referred to in introductory provisions and pars. (1) and (4), was in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 101–218, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1859, known as the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989, which is clas- sified principally to this chapter. For complete classi- fication of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 12001 of this title and Tables. The Plant Variety Protection Act, referred to in par. (1), is Pub. L. 91–577, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1542, which is classified principally to chapter 57 (§ 2321 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under sec- tion 2321 of Title 7 and Tables. AMENDMENTS 1992—Pars. (2) to (5). Pub. L. 102–486 redesignated pars. (3) to (5) as (2) to (4), respectively, in par. (4) sub- stituted ‘‘any demonstration and commercial applica- tion project’’ for ‘‘any joint venture’’ and ‘‘in the dem- onstration and commercial application project;’’ for ‘‘in the venture; and’’, added par. (5), and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: ‘‘ ‘joint venture’ means any agreement entered into under this chapter by the Secretary with more than one or a consortium of non-Federal persons (including a joint venture under the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984 (15 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.)) for cost-shared research, develop- ment, or demonstration of technologies, but does not include procurement contracts, grant agreements, or cooperative agreements as those terms are used in sec- tions 6303, 6304, and 6305 of title 31;’’. § 12003. National goals and multi-year funding for Federal alcohol from biomass and other technology programs (a) National goals The following are declared to be the national goals for the alcohol from biomass and other en- ergy technology programs being carried out by the Secretary: (1) Alcohol from biomass (A) In general, the goal of the Alcohol From Biomass Program shall be to advance research and development to a point where alcohol from biomass technology is cost-competitive with conventional hydrocarbon transportation fuels, and to promote the integration of this technology into the transportation fuel sector of the economy. (B)(i) Specific goals for producing ethanol from biomass shall be to— (I) reduce the cost of alcohol to 70 cents per gallon; (II) improve the overall biomass carbo- hydrate conversion efficiency to 91 percent; (III) reduce the capital cost component of the cost of alcohol to 23 cents per gallon; and (IV) reduce the operating and maintenance component of the cost of alcohol to 47 cents per gallon. (ii) Specific goals for producing methanol from biomass shall be to— (I) reduce the cost of alcohol to 47 cents per gallon; and (II) reduce the capital component of the cost of alcohol to 16 cents per gallon. (2) Other technologies The Secretary shall submit to the Congress, as part of the first report submitted under sec- tion 12006 of this title, recommendations for specific cost goals and other pertinent goals for 1995 for Department of Energy research, de- velopment, and demonstration programs in Biofuels Energy Systems, Biodiesel Energy Systems, Hydrogen Energy Systems, Solar Buildings Energy Systems, Marine Energy Systems, Geothermal Energy Systems, Low- Head Hydro, and Energy Storage Systems. (b) Amended goals Whenever the Secretary determines that any of the goals established under this section is no longer appropriate, the Secretary shall notify Congress, as part of a report submitted under section 12006 of this title, of the reason for the determination and provide an amended goal that is consistent with the purpose stated in section 12001(b) of this title. (c) Authorizations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the following renewable energy re- Page 8234 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 12004 search, development, and demonstration pro- grams: the Biofuels Energy Systems Program, the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program, the Solar Buildings Energy Systems Program, the Marine Energy Systems Program, and the Geo- thermal Energy Systems Program— (1) not to exceed $113,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, of which— (A) not to exceed $19,000,000 shall be avail- able for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and (B) not to exceed $4,000,000 shall be avail- able for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Pro- gram; and (2) not to exceed $121,000,000 for fiscal year 1992, of which— (A) not to exceed $20,500,000 shall be avail- able for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and (B) not to exceed $5,000,000 shall be avail- able for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Pro- gram. Each of the President’s annual budget requests submitted to Congress after December 11, 1989, shall include as separate line items each of the categories of renewable energy programs de- scribed in this subsection. (Pub. L. 101–218, § 4, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1860; Pub. L. 102–486, title XII, § 1202(b), title XXI, § 2125(1)–(3), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2958, 3085; Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title III, § 3006(a)(1), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2511.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2020—Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(A), substituted ‘‘alco- hol from biomass and other technology’’ for ‘‘wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal’’ in section catchline. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(ii)–(iv), re- designated pars. (4) and (5) as (1) and (2), respectively, in par. (2), as redesignated, substituted ‘‘Marine’’ for ‘‘Ocean’’, and struck out former pars. (1) to (3) which related to national goals for wind energy, photovoltaic energy, and solar thermal energy programs, respec- tively. Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(i), substituted ‘‘alcohol from biomass and other energy technology’’ for ‘‘wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal energy’’ in introduc- tory provisions. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(i), in intro- ductory provisions, struck out ‘‘the Wind Energy Re- search Program, the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Pro- gram, the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program,’’ after ‘‘demonstration programs:’’ and substituted ‘‘Ma- rine’’ for ‘‘Ocean’’. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(ii), redes- ignated subpars. (B) and (C) as (A) and (B), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as fol- lows: ‘‘not to exceed $39,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program;’’. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(iii), redes- ignated subpars. (B) and (C) as (A) and (B), respectively, and struck out form subpar. (A) which read as follows: ‘‘not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Pho- tovoltaic Energy Systems Program;’’. 1992—Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 102–486, § 1202(b)(1), added par. (4), redesignated former par. (4) as (5), and inserted ‘‘Biodiesel Energy Systems,’’ after ‘‘Biofuels Energy Systems,’’. Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 102–486, § 2125(1)–(3), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: ‘‘not to exceed $124,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, of which— ‘‘(A) not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program; ‘‘(B) not to exceed $23,000,000 shall be available for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and ‘‘(C) not to exceed $6,000,000 shall be available for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program.’’ § 12004. Energy efficiency authorizations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the following energy efficiency re- search, development, and demonstration pro- grams: transportation, industrial, buildings and community systems, multi-sector, and policy and management— (1) not to exceed $201,100,000 for fiscal year 1991, of which— (A) not to exceed $68,300,000 shall be avail- able for the transportation program; and (B) not to exceed $53,500,000 shall be avail- able for the industrial program; and (2) not to exceed $210,600,000 for fiscal year 1992, of which— (A) not to exceed $71,000,000 shall be avail- able for the transportation program; and (B) not to exceed $54,700,000 shall be avail- able for the industrial program. (Pub. L. 101–218, § 5, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1862; Pub. L. 102–486, title XXI, § 2125(4)–(6), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3085.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1992—Par. (3). Pub. L. 102–486 struck out par. (3) which read as follows: ‘‘not to exceed $225,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, of which— ‘‘(A) not to exceed $73,900,000 shall be available for the transportation program; and ‘‘(B) not to exceed $56,900,000 shall be available for the industrial program.’’ § 12005. Demonstration and commercial applica- tion projects (a) Purpose The purpose of this section is to direct the Secretary to further the commercialization of renewable energy and energy efficiency tech- nologies through a five-year program. (b) Demonstration and commercial application projects (1) Establishment (A) The Secretary shall solicit proposals for demonstration and commercial application projects for renewable energy and energy effi- ciency technologies pursuant to subsection (c). Such projects may include projects for— (i) the production and sale of electricity, thermal energy, or other forms of energy using a renewable energy technology; (ii) increasing the efficiency of energy use; and (iii) improvements in, or expansion of, fa- cilities for the manufacture of renewable en- ergy or energy efficiency technologies. (B) REQUIREMENTS.—Each project selected under this section shall include at least one for-profit business. Activities supported under this section shall be performed in the United States. Each project under this section shall require the manufacture and reproduction sub- stantially within the United States for com-