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15 U.S.C. § 1638a — Reset of hybrid adjustable rate mort-

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1638a — Reset of hybrid adjustable rate mort-

Page 1502 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 1638a 1 See References in Text note below. commenced under Title 11, Bankruptcy, before such ef- fective date, except as otherwise provided, see section 1501 of Pub. L. 109–8, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 11. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96–221 effective on expiration of two years and six months after Mar. 31, 1980, with all regulations, forms, and clauses required to be pre- scribed to be promulgated at least one year prior to such effective date, and allowing any creditor to com- ply with any amendments, in accordance with the regu- lations, forms, and clauses prescribed by the Board prior to such effective date, see section 625 of Pub. L. 96–221, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title. REGULATIONS Pub. L. 110–315, title X, § 1002, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3478, provided that: ‘‘Not later than 365 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 14, 2008], the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall issue regulations in final form to implement paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), (6), (7), and (8) of section 128(e) [15 U.S.C. 1638(e)] and section 140(c) of the Truth in Lending Act [15 U.S.C. 1650(c)], as added by this title, which regula- tions shall become effective not later than 6 months after their date of issuance.’’ § 1638a. Reset of hybrid adjustable rate mort- gages (a) Hybrid adjustable rate mortgages defined For purposes of this section, the term ‘‘hybrid adjustable rate mortgage’’ means a consumer credit transaction secured by the consumer’s principal residence with a fixed interest rate for an introductory period that adjusts or resets to a variable interest rate after such period. (b) Notice of reset and alternatives During

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Page 1502 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 1638a 1 See References in Text note below. commenced under Title 11, Bankruptcy, before such ef- fective date, except as otherwise provided, see section 1501 of Pub. L. 109–8, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 11. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96–221 effective on expiration of two years and six months after Mar. 31, 1980, with all regulations, forms, and clauses required to be pre- scribed to be promulgated at least one year prior to such effective date, and allowing any creditor to com- ply with any amendments, in accordance with the regu- lations, forms, and clauses prescribed by the Board prior to such effective date, see section 625 of Pub. L. 96–221, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title. REGULATIONS Pub. L. 110–315, title X, § 1002, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3478, provided that: ‘‘Not later than 365 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 14, 2008], the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall issue regulations in final form to implement paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), (6), (7), and (8) of section 128(e) [15 U.S.C. 1638(e)] and section 140(c) of the Truth in Lending Act [15 U.S.C. 1650(c)], as added by this title, which regula- tions shall become effective not later than 6 months after their date of issuance.’’ § 1638a. Reset of hybrid adjustable rate mort- gages (a) Hybrid adjustable rate mortgages defined For purposes of this section, the term ‘‘hybrid adjustable rate mortgage’’ means a consumer credit transaction secured by the consumer’s principal residence with a fixed interest rate for an introductory period that adjusts or resets to a variable interest rate after such period. (b) Notice of reset and alternatives During the 1-month period that ends 6 months before the date on which the interest rate in ef- fect during the introductory period of a hybrid adjustable rate mortgage adjusts or resets to a variable interest rate or, in the case of such an adjustment or resetting that occurs within the first 6 months after consummation of such loan, at consummation, the creditor or servicer of such loan shall provide a written notice, sepa- rate and distinct from all other correspondence to the consumer, that includes the following: (1) Any index or formula used in making ad- justments to or resetting the interest rate and a source of information about the index or for- mula. (2) An explanation of how the new interest rate and payment would be determined, in- cluding an explanation of how the index was adjusted, such as by the addition of a margin. (3) A good faith estimate, based on accepted industry standards, of the creditor or servicer of the amount of the monthly payment that will apply after the date of the adjustment or reset, and the assumptions on which this esti- mate is based. (4) A list of alternatives consumers may pur- sue before the date of adjustment or reset, and descriptions of the actions consumers must take to pursue these alternatives, including— (A) refinancing; (B) renegotiation of loan terms; (C) payment forbearances; and (D) pre-foreclosure sales. (5) The names, addresses, telephone num- bers, and Internet addresses of counseling agencies or programs reasonably available to the consumer that have been certified or ap- proved and made publicly available by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development or a State housing finance authority (as de- fined in section 1441a–1 of title 12). (6) The address, telephone number, and Internet address for the State housing finance authority (as so defined) for the State in which the consumer resides. (c) Savings clause The Board may require the notice in para- graph (b) or other notice consistent with this chapter for adjustable rate mortgage loans that are not hybrid adjustable rate mortgage loans. (Pub. L. 90–321, title I, § 128A, as added Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1418(a), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2153.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original ‘‘this Act’’ meaning Pub. L. 90–321, May 29, 1968, 82 Stat. 146, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of this title and Tables. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective on the date on which final regula- tions implementing such section take effect, or on the date that is 18 months after the designated transfer date, if such regulations have not been issued by that date, see section 1400(c) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as an Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note under section 1601 of this title. § 1639. Requirements for certain mortgages (a) Disclosures (1) Specific disclosures In addition to other disclosures required under this subchapter, for each mortgage re- ferred to in section 1602(aa) 1 of this title, the creditor shall provide the following disclosures in conspicuous type size: (A) ‘‘You are not required to complete this agreement merely because you have received these disclosures or have signed a loan appli- cation.’’. (B) ‘‘If you obtain this loan, the lender will have a mortgage on your home. You could lose your home, and any money you have put into it, if you do not meet your obliga- tions under the loan.’’. (2) Annual percentage rate In addition to the disclosures required under paragraph (1), the creditor shall disclose— (A) in the case of a credit transaction with a fixed rate of interest, the annual percent- age rate and the amount of the regular monthly payment; or (B) in the case of any other credit trans- action, the annual percentage rate of the loan, the amount of the regular monthly payment, a statement that the interest rate

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1638 — Transactions other than under an open end credit plan

**(a) Required disclosures by creditor** For each consumer credit transaction other than under an open end credit plan, the creditor shall disclose each of the following items, to the extent applicable: (1) The identity of the creditor required to make disclosure. (2) (A) The “amount financed”, using that term, which shall be the amount of credit of which the consumer has actual use. This amount shall be computed as follows, but the computations need not be disclosed and shall not be disclosed with the disclosures conspicuously segregated in accordance with subsection (b)(1): (i) take the principal amount of the loan or the cash price less downpayment and trade-in; (ii) add any charges which are not part of the finance charge or of the principal amount of the loan and which are financed by the consumer, including the cost of any items excluded from the finance charge pursuant to [section 1605 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1605&num=0&edition=prelim); and (iii) subtract any charges which are part of the finance charge but which will be paid by the consumer before or at the time of the consummation of the transaction, or have been withheld from the proceeds of the credit. (B) In conjunction with the disclosure of the amount financed, a creditor shall provide a statement of the consumer’s right to obtain, upon a written request, a written itemization of the amount financed. The statement shall include spaces for a “yes” and “no” indication to be initialed by the consumer to indicate whether the consumer wants a written itemization of the amount financed. Upon receiving an affirmative indication, the creditor shall provide, at the time other disclosures are required to be furnished, a written

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1638 — Transactions other than under an open

Page 1495 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 1638 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board [of Governors of the Federal Reserve System] shall promulgate regulations implementing the amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1638, 1664, and 1665b of this title]. ‘‘(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Regulations issued under para- graph (1) shall not take effect until the later of— ‘‘(A) 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act [Apr. 20, 2005]; or ‘‘(B) 12 months after the date of publication of such final regulations by the Board.’’ REGULATIONS; EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 100–709, § 7, Nov. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 4734, pro- vided that: ‘‘(a) REGULATIONS.—Before the end of the 60-day pe- riod beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 23, 1988], the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the proposes [sic] of the amendments made by this Act [enacting this section and sections 1647 and 1665b of this title, amending sec- tions 1632 and 1637 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 1601 of this title]. ‘‘(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by this Act, and the regulations prescribed pursuant to sub- section (a) with respect to such amendments, shall apply to— ‘‘(1) any agreement to open an account under an open end consumer credit plan under which exten- sions of credit are secured by a consumer’s principal dwelling which is entered into after the end of the 5- month period beginning on the date on which the reg- ulations prescribed under subsection (a) become final; and ‘‘(2) any application to open such an account which is distributed by, or received by a creditor, after the end of such 5-month period. ‘‘(c) VOLUNT

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1638a — Reset of hybrid adjustable rate mortgages

**(a) Hybrid adjustable rate mortgages defined** For purposes of this section, the term “hybrid adjustable rate mortgage” means a consumer credit transaction secured by the consumer’s principal residence with a fixed interest rate for an introductory period that adjusts or resets to a variable interest rate after such period. **(b) Notice of reset and alternatives** During the 1-month period that ends 6 months before the date on which the interest rate in effect during the introductory period of a hybrid adjustable rate mortgage adjusts or resets to a variable interest rate or, in the case of such an adjustment or resetting that occurs within the first 6 months after consummation of such loan, at consummation, the creditor or servicer of such loan shall provide a written notice, separate and distinct from all other correspondence to the consumer, that includes the following: (1) Any index or formula used in making adjustments to or resetting the interest rate and a source of information about the index or formula. (2) An explanation of how the new interest rate and payment would be determined, including an explanation of how the index was adjusted, such as by the addition of a margin. (3) A good faith estimate, based on accepted industry standards, of the creditor or servicer of the amount of the monthly payment that will apply after the date of the adjustment or reset, and the assumptions on which this estimate is based. (4) A list of alternatives consumers may pursue before the date of adjustment or reset, and descriptions of the actions consumers must take to pursue these alternatives, including— (A) refinancing; (B) renegotiation of loan terms; (C) payment forbearances; and (D) pre-foreclosure sales. (5) The names, addresses, telephone numbers, and

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1650 — Preventing unfair and deceptive private educational lending practices and eliminating conflicts of interest

**(a) Definitions** As used in this section— (1) the term “cosigner”— (A) means any individual who is liable for the obligation of another without compensation, regardless of how designated in the contract or instrument with respect to that obligation, other than an obligation under a private education loan extended to consolidate a consumer’s pre-existing private education loans; (B) includes any person the signature of which is requested as condition to grant credit or to forbear on collection; and (C) does not include a spouse of an individual described in subparagraph (A), the signature of whom is needed to perfect the security interest in a loan. (2) the term “covered educational institution”— (A) means any educational institution that offers a postsecondary educational degree, certificate, or program of study (including any institution of higher education); and (B) includes an agent, officer, or employee of the educational institution; (3) the term “gift”— (A) (i) means any gratuity, favor, discount, entertainment, hospitality, loan, or other item having more than a de minimis monetary value, including services, transportation, lodging, or meals, whether provided in kind, by purchase of a ticket, payment in advance, or reimbursement after the expense has been incurred; and (ii) includes an item described in clause (i) provided to a family member of an officer, employee, or agent of a covered educational institution, or to any other individual based on that individual’s relationship with the officer, employee, or agent, if— (I) the item is provided with the knowledge and acquiescence of the officer, employee, or agent; and (II) the officer, employee, or agent has reason to believe the item was provided because of the off

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1650 — Preventing unfair and deceptive private

Page 1532 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 1650 (D) borrower-paid mortgage broker fees re- ferred to in section 1605(a)(6) of this title; (2) the form of written notice used by the creditor to inform the obligor of the rights of the obligor under section 1635 of this title if the creditor provided the obligor with a prop- erly dated form of written notice published and adopted by the Bureau or a comparable written notice, and otherwise complied with all the requirements of this section regarding notice; or (3) any disclosure relating to the finance charge imposed with respect to the trans- action if the amount or percentage actually disclosed— (A) may be treated as accurate for pur- poses of this subchapter if the amount dis- closed as the finance charge does not vary from the actual finance charge by more than $200; (B) may, under section 1605(f)(2) of this title, be treated as accurate for purposes of section 1635 of this title; or (C) is greater than the amount or percent- age required to be disclosed under this sub- chapter. (b) Exceptions Subsection (a) shall not apply to— (1) any individual action or counterclaim brought under this subchapter which was filed before June 1, 1995; (2) any class action brought under this sub- chapter for which a final order certifying a class was entered before January 1, 1995; (3) the named individual plaintiffs in any class action brought under this subchapter which was filed before June 1, 1995; or (4) any consumer credit transaction with re- spect to which a timely notice of rescission was sent to the creditor before June 1, 1995. (Pub. L. 90–321, title I, § 139, as added Pub. L. 104–29, § 4(a), Sept. 30, 1995, 109 Stat. 273; amend- ed Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2107(a), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 St

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