42 U.S.C. § 629f — Authorization of appropriations; reserva-

Page 2247 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 629f see section 301 of Pub. L. 107–133, set out as a note under section 629 of this title. § 629f. Authorization of appropriations; reserva- tion of certain amounts (a) Authorization In addition to any amount otherwise made available to carry out this subpart, there are au- thorized to be appropriated to carry out this subpart $345,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023. (b) Reservation of certain amounts From the amount specified in subsection (a) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve amounts as follows: (1) Evaluation, research, training, and tech- nical assistance The Secretary shall reserve $6,000,000 for ex- penditure by the Secretary— (A) for research, training, and technical assistance costs related to the program under this subpart; and (B) for evaluation of State programs based on the plans approved under section 629b of this title and funded under this subpart, and any other Federal, State, or local program, regardless of whether federally assisted, that is designed to achieve the same purposes as the State programs. (2) State court improvements The Secretary shall reserve $30,000,000 for grants under section 629h of this title. (3) Indian tribes or tribal consortia After applying paragraphs (4) and (5) (but be- fore applying paragraphs (1) or (2)), the Sec- retary shall reserve 3 percent for allotment to Indian tribes or tribal consortia in accordance with section 629c(a) of this title. (4) Support for monthly caseworker visits (A) Reservation The Secretary shall reserve for allotment in accordance with section 629c(e) of this title $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023. (B) Use of funds (i) In general A State to which an amount is paid from amounts reserved under subparagraph (A) shall use the amount to improve the qual- ity of monthly caseworker visits with chil- dren who are in foster care under the re- sponsibility of the State, with an emphasis on improving caseworker decision making on the safety, permanency, and well-being of foster children and on activities de- signed to increase retention, recruitment, and training of caseworkers. (ii) Nonsupplantation A State to which an amount is paid from amounts reserved pursuant to subpara- graph (A) shall not use the amount to sup- plant any Federal funds paid to the State under part E that could be used as de- scribed in clause (i). (5) Regional partnership grants The Secretary shall reserve for awarding grants under section 629g(f) of this title $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023. (c) Support for foster family homes Out of any money in the Treasury of the United States not otherwise appropriated, there are appropriated to the Secretary for fiscal year 2018, $8,000,000 for the Secretary to make com- petitive grants to States, Indian tribes, or tribal consortia to support the recruitment and reten- tion of high-quality foster families to increase their capacity to place more children in family settings, focused on States, Indian tribes, or tribal consortia with the highest percentage of children in non-family settings. The amount ap- propriated under this subparagraph shall remain available through fiscal year 2022. (Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IV, § 436, as added Pub. L. 107–133, title I, § 106(a)(1), Jan. 17, 2002, 115 Stat. 2416; amended Pub. L. 109–171, title VII, § 7402, Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 150; Pub. L. 109–288, §§ 3(a), 4(a)(1), (b)(1), 5(a)(1), (3), (b)(1)(B), Sept. 28, 2006, 120 Stat. 1234, 1236, 1237, 1242, 1243; Pub. L. 111–242, § 133(1), Sept. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 2613; Pub. L. 112–34, title I, §§ 102(a)(1), 103(a), (b), Sept. 30, 2011, 125 Stat. 371, 373; Pub. L. 115–123, div. E, title VII, §§ 50751(b), 50752(b)(1), (c), Feb. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 262, 263; Pub. L. 116–260, div. CC, title III, § 305(a), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2994; Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title VI, § 6103(a)(1)–(3), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5964, 5965; Pub. L. 118–258, title I, §§ 103(b), 104(a), 105(a), 107(b)(2), 112(a), (c), 115(b)(1), Jan. 4, 2025, 138 Stat. 2948, 2949, 2955, 2962, 2968.) AMENDMENT OF SUBSECTIONS (a) AND (b) Pub. L. 118–258, title I, §§ 103(b), 104(a), 105(a), 107(b)(2), 112(a), (c), 115(b)(1), 117, Jan. 4, 2025, 138 Stat. 2948, 2949, 2955, 2962, 2968, 2969, made numerous amendments to sub- sections (a) and (b) of this section, effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements. After such effective date, subsections (a) and (b) will read as fol- lows: (a) Authorization In addition to any amount otherwise made avail- able to carry out this subpart, there are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subpart $345,000,000 for fiscal year 2025 and $420,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2029. (b) Reservation of certain amounts From the amount specified in subsection (a) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve amounts as follows: (1) State court improvements The Secretary shall reserve $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2025 and $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each succeeding fiscal year for grants under sec- tion 629h of this title. (2) Indian tribes or tribal consortia The Secretary shall reserve 3 percent for allot- ment to Indian tribes or tribal consortia in ac- cordance with section 629c(a) of this title. Page 2248 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 629f (3) Support for monthly caseworker visits (A) Reservation The Secretary shall reserve for allotment in accordance with section 629c(e) of this title $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025 and $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each succeeding fiscal year. (B) Use of funds (i) In general A State to which an amount is paid from amounts reserved under subparagraph (A) shall use the amount to improve the quality of monthly caseworker visits with children who are in foster care under the responsibility of the State, with an emphasis on— (I) reducing caseload ratios and the ad- ministrative burden on caseworkers, to im- prove caseworker decision making on the safety, permanency, and well-being of foster children and on activities designed to in- crease retention, recruitment, and training of caseworkers; (II) implementing technology solutions to streamline caseworker duties and modernize systems, ensuring improved efficiency and effectiveness in child welfare services; (III) improving caseworker safety; (IV) mental health resources to support caseworker well-being, including peer-to- peer support programs; and (V) recruitment campaigns aimed at at- tracting qualified caseworker candidates. (ii) Nonsupplantation A State to which an amount is paid from amounts reserved pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall not use the amount to supplant any Federal funds paid to the State under part E that could be used as described in clause (i). (4) Regional partnership grants The Secretary shall reserve for awarding grants under section 629g(f) of this title $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025 and $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each succeeding fiscal year. See 2025 Amendment notes below. Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 436 of act Aug. 14, 1935, was classified to section 636 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–485. AMENDMENTS 2025—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–258, § 103(b), substituted ‘‘fiscal year 2025 and $420,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2029’’ for ‘‘each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 118–258, § 115(b)(1), redesignated pars. (2) to (5) as (1) to (4), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which related to reservation of amounts for evaluation, research, training, and technical assist- ance. Amendment notes below relate to pars. prior to redesignation. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 118–258, § 104(a), inserted ‘‘for fiscal year 2025 and $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each succeeding fiscal year’’ before ‘‘for grants’’. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 118–258, § 107(b)(2), substituted ‘‘The Secretary’’ for ‘‘After applying paragraphs (4) and (5) (but before applying paragraphs (1) or (2)), the Sec- retary’’. Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 118–258, § 112(a), substituted ‘‘fiscal year 2025 and $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each succeeding fiscal year’’ for ‘‘each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023’’. Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(i). Pub. L. 118–258, § 112(c), amended cl. (i) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as fol- lows: ‘‘A State to which an amount is paid from amounts reserved under subparagraph (A) shall use the amount to improve the quality of monthly caseworker visits with children who are in foster care under the re- sponsibility of the State, with an emphasis on improv- ing caseworker decision making on the safety, perma- nency, and well-being of foster children and on activi- ties designed to increase retention, recruitment, and training of caseworkers.’’ Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 118–258, § 105(a), substituted ‘‘fiscal year 2025 and $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each succeeding fiscal year’’ for ‘‘each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023’’. 2022—Subsecs. (a), (b)(4)(A), (5). Pub. L. 117–328 sub- stituted ‘‘2023’’ for ‘‘2022’’. 2020—Subsecs. (a), (b)(4)(A), (5). Pub. L. 116–260 sub- stituted ‘‘2022’’ for ‘‘2021’’. Subsec. (f)(10). Pub. L. 116–260, which directed amend- ment of subsec. (f)(10) of this section by substituting ‘‘2022’’ for ‘‘2021’’, could not be executed because no sub- sec. (f)(10) has been enacted. 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50752(b)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021’’ for ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2016’’. Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50752(c)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘2017 through 2021’’ for ‘‘2012 through 2016’’. Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50752(c)(2), substituted ‘‘2017 through 2021’’ for ‘‘2012 through 2016’’. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50751(b), added subsec. (c). 2011—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(a)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2016’’ for ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2010, and $365,000,000 for fiscal year 2011’’. Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 112–34, § 103(a)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘629c(e) of this title $20,000,000 for each of fis- cal years 2012 through 2016.’’ for ‘‘629c(e) of this title— ‘‘(i) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; ‘‘(ii) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and ‘‘(iii) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2010 and 2011.’’ Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(i). Pub. L. 112–34, § 103(b), substituted ‘‘improve the quality of’’ for ‘‘support’’ and ‘‘an empha- sis on improving caseworker decision making on the safety, permanency, and well-being of foster children and on activities designed to increase retention, re- cruitment, and training of caseworkers.’’ for ‘‘a pri- mary emphasis on activities designed to improve case- worker retention, recruitment, training, and ability to access the benefits of technology.’’ Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 112–34, § 103(a)(2), substituted ‘‘629g(f) of this title $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2016.’’ for ‘‘629g(f) of this title— ‘‘(A) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; ‘‘(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; ‘‘(C) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and ‘‘(D) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2010 and 2011.’’ 2010—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–242, § 133(1)(A)(ii), which directed insertion of ‘‘, and $365,000,000 for fiscal year 2011’’ before the period, was executed by making the in- sertion at the end of subsec. (a) to reflect the probable intent of Congress because there was no period. Pub. L. 111–242, § 133(1)(A)(i), substituted ‘‘2010’’ for ‘‘2011’’. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 111–242, § 133(1)(B), substituted ‘‘$30,000,000’’ for ‘‘$10,000,000’’. 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–288, § 3(a), substituted ‘‘each of fiscal years 2007 through 2011’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 2006. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the total amount authorized to be so appropriated for fiscal year 2006 under this subsection and under this subsection (as in effect before February 8, 2006) is $345,000,000.’’ Pub. L. 109–171 amended heading and text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: Page 2249 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 629g 1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘subsection’’. ‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the provisions of this subpart $305,000,000 for each of fis- cal years 2002 through 2006.’’ Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 109–288, § 5(b)(1)(B), inserted ‘‘or tribal consortia’’ after ‘‘tribes’’ in heading and text. Pub. L. 109–288, § 5(a)(1), (3), substituted ‘‘After apply- ing paragraphs (4) and (5) (but before applying para- graphs (1) or (2)), the’’ for ‘‘The’’ and ‘‘3 percent’’ for ‘‘1 percent’’. Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 109–288, § 4(a)(1), added par. (4). Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 109–288, § 4(b)(1), added par. (5). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2025 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2020 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 116–260, div. CC, title III, § 305(c), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2995, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 629h of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 2021.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2011 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 112–34 effective Oct. 1, 2011, and applicable to payments under this part and part E of this subchapter for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, without regard to whether imple- menting regulations have been promulgated, and with delay permitted if State legislation is required to meet additional requirements, see section 107 of Pub. L. 112–34, set out as a note under section 622 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2010 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 111–242, § 133, Sept. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 2613, pro- vided that the amendment made by section 133 is effec- tive Oct. 1, 2010. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2006 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 109–288, § 3(a), Sept. 28, 2006, 120 Stat. 1234, pro- vided that the amendment made by section 3(a) is effec- tive Oct. 1, 2006. Amendment by Pub. L. 109–288 effective Oct. 1, 2006, except as otherwise provided, and applicable to pay- ments under this part and part E of this subchapter for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, without regard to whether implementing regulations have been promulgated, and with delay permitted if State legislation is required to meet additional require- ments, see section 12(a), (b) of Pub. L. 109–288, set out as a note under section 621 of this title. Amendment by Pub. L. 109–171 effective as if enacted on Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 7701 of Pub. L. 109–171, set out as a note under section 603 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Jan. 17, 2002, with delay permitted if State legislation is required, see section 301 of Pub. L. 107–133, set out as an Effective Date of 2002 Amendment note under section 629 of this title. § 629g. Discretionary and targeted grants (a) Limitations on authorization of appropria- tions In addition to any amount appropriated pursu- ant to section 629f of this title, there are author- ized to be appropriated to carry out this section $200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2023. (b) Reservation of certain amounts From the amount (if any) appropriated pursu- ant to subsection (a) for a fiscal year, the Sec- retary shall reserve amounts as follows: (1) Evaluation, research, training, and tech- nical assistance The Secretary shall reserve 3.3 percent for expenditure by the Secretary for the activities described in section 629f(b)(1) of this title. (2) State court improvements The Secretary shall reserve 3.3 percent for grants under section 629h of this title. (3) Indian tribes or tribal consortia The Secretary shall reserve 3 percent for al- lotment to Indian tribes or tribal consortia in accordance with subsection (c)(1). (4) Improving the interstate placement of chil- dren The Secretary shall reserve $5,000,000 of the amount made available for fiscal year 2018 for grants under subsection (g), and the amount so reserved shall remain available through fiscal year 2022. (c) Allotments (1) Indian tribes or tribal consortia From the amount (if any) reserved pursuant to subsection (b)(3) for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each Indian tribe with a plan approved under this subpart an amount that bears the same ratio to such reserved amount as the number of children in the In- dian tribe bears to the total number of chil- dren in all Indian tribes with State plans so approved, as determined by the Secretary on the basis of the most current and reliable in- formation available to the Secretary. If a con- sortium of Indian tribes applies and is ap- proved for a grant under this section, the Sec- retary shall allot to the consortium an amount equal to the sum of the allotments de- termined for each Indian tribe that is part of the consortium. (2) Territories From the amount (if any) appropriated pur- suant to subsection (a) for any fiscal year that remains after applying subection 1 (b) for the fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each of the jurisdictions of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa an amount determined in the same manner as the allotment to each of such jurisdictions is determined under sec- tion 623 of this title. (3) Other States From the amount (if any) appropriated pur- suant to subsection (a) for any fiscal year that remains after applying subsection (b) and paragraph (2) of this subsection for the fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each State (other than an Indian tribe) which is not speci- fied in paragraph (2) of this subsection an amount equal to such remaining amount mul- tiplied by the supplemental nutrition assist- ance program benefits percentage (as defined