22 U.S.C. § 8921 — Definitions

Page 2165 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 8923 Sec. 8927. Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet Union. 8928. Support for Russian democracy and civil soci- ety organizations. 8929. Report on non-compliance by the Russian Federation of its obligations under the INF Treaty. 8930. Rule of construction. § 8921. Definitions In this chapter: (1) Account; correspondent account; payable- through account The terms ‘‘account’’, ‘‘correspondent ac- count’’, and ‘‘payable-through account’’ have the meanings given those terms in section 5318A of title 31. (2) Appropriate congressional committees The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com- mittees’’ means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives. (3) Defense article; defense service; training The terms ‘‘defense article’’, ‘‘defense serv- ice’’, and ‘‘training’’ have the meanings given those terms in section 2794 of this title. (4) Financial institution The term ‘‘financial institution’’ means a fi- nancial institution specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (M), or (Z) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31. (5) Foreign financial institution The term ‘‘foreign financial institution’’ has the meaning given that term in section 561.308 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or ruling). (6) Foreign person The term ‘‘foreign person’’ means any indi- vidual or entity that is not a United States citizen, a permanent resident alien, or an enti- ty organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States. (7) Knowingly The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with respect to con- duct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (8) Russian person The term ‘‘Russian person’’ means— (A) an individual who is a citizen or na- tional of the Russian Federation; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the Russian Federation. (9) Special Russian crude oil project The term ‘‘special Russian crude oil project’’ means a project intended to extract crude oil from— (A) the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation in waters more than 500 feet deep; (B) Russian Arctic offshore locations; or (C) shale formations located in the Rus- sian Federation. (Pub. L. 113–272, § 2, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2952; Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, title LXI, § 6110(e)(2), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4563.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2021—Par. (4). Pub. L. 116–283 substituted ‘‘(Z)’’ for ‘‘(Y)’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 113–272, § 1(a), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2952, pro- vided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014’.’’ § 8922. Statement of policy regarding Ukraine It is the policy of the United States to further assist the Government of Ukraine in restoring its sovereignty and territorial integrity to deter the Government of the Russian Federation from further destabilizing and invading Ukraine and other independent countries in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. That policy shall be carried into effect, among other things, through a comprehensive effort, in coordination with allies and partners of the United States where appropriate, that includes economic sanctions, diplomacy, assistance for the people of Ukraine, and the provision of mili- tary capabilities to the Government of Ukraine that will enhance the ability of that Govern- ment to defend itself and to restore its sov- ereignty and territorial integrity in the face of unlawful actions by the Government of the Rus- sian Federation. (Pub. L. 113–272, § 3, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2953.) § 8923. Sanctions relating to the defense and en- ergy sectors of the Russian Federation (a) Sanctions relating to the defense sector (1) Rosoboronexport Except as provided in subsection (d), not later than 30 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall impose 3 or more of the sanc- tions described in subsection (c) with respect to Rosoboronexport. (2) Russian producers, transferors, or brokers of defense articles Except as provided in subsection (d), on and after the date that is 45 days after December 18, 2014, the President shall impose 3 or more of the sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to a foreign person the President determines— (A) is an entity— (i) owned or controlled by the Govern- ment of the Russian Federation or owned or controlled by nationals of the Russian Federation; and (ii) that— (I) knowingly manufactures or sells de- fense articles transferred into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internation-