13 U.S.C. § 222 — Giving suggestions or information with in-

Page 29 TITLE 13—CENSUS § 222 the Secretary, or by any other authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof acting under the in- structions of the Secretary or authorized officer, to answer, to the best of his knowledge, any of the questions on any schedule submitted to him in connection with any census or survey pro- vided for by subchapters I, II, IV, and V of chap- ter 5 of this title, applying to himself or to the family to which he belongs or is related, or to the farm or farms of which he or his family is the occupant, shall be fined not more than $100. (b) Whoever, when answering questions de- scribed in subsection (a) of this section, and under the conditions or circumstances described in such subsection, willfully gives any answer that is false, shall be fined not more than $500. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no person shall be compelled to dis- close information relative to his religious be- liefs or to membership in a religious body. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1023; Pub. L. 85–207, § 15, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 484; Pub. L. 94–521, § 13, Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2465.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §§ 122, 209, and sec- tion 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., The Public Health and Welfare (June 18, 1929, ch. 28, § 9, 46 Stat. 23; June 19, 1948, ch. 502, § 2, 62 Stat. 479; July 15, 1949, ch. 338, title VI, § 607, 63 Stat. 441). Section consolidates the first paragraph of section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which section related to the decennial censuses of population, agriculture, etc. (see subchapter II of chapter 5 of this revised title), with that part of section 122 of such title which made such section 209 applicable to the quinquennial censuses of manufactures, the mineral industries, and other busi- nesses (see subchapter I of chapter 5 of this revised title) and applicable to the surveys provided for by sec- tion 121(b) of such title (see subchapter IV of chapter 5 of this revised title), and that part of subsection (b) of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which made such section 209 applicable to the decennial censuses of housing (see subchapter II of chapter 5 of this revised title). For remainder of sections 122 and 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., and of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed. (which section has been transferred in its en- tirety to this revised title), see Distribution Table. The language of section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., providing that it should ‘‘be the duty’’ of all persons over eighteen years of age, to answer correctly, to the best of their knowledge, when requested, etc., was omitted as unnecessary and redundant. The provisions, as herein revised, define offenses and prescribe pen- alties for committing them, and are deemed sufficient for the purpose of enforcement. However, some of the language used in the omitted provisions was nec- essarily included in the description of the offense. The designation of the first offense, herein described, as a ‘‘misdemeanor’’, was omitted as covered by section 1 of title 18, U.S.C., 1952 ed., Crimes and Criminal Pro- cedure, classifying crimes; and words ‘‘upon conviction thereof’’ were omitted as surplusage. References to the Secretary (of Commerce) and to any ‘‘authorized officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof’’, etc., were substituted for references to the Director of the Census and to any ‘‘supervisor, enumerator, or special agent, or other employee of the Census Office’’, to conform with 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263. See revision note to sec- tion 4 of this title. Changes were made in phraseology. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–521, § 13(1), struck out provision authorizing imprisonment for not more than sixty days for refusing or willfully neglecting to answer questions under this section. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–521, § 13(2), struck out provision authorizing imprisonment for not more than one year for willfully giving a false answer to a question under this section. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–521, § 13(3), added subsec. (c). 1957—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 85–207 substituted ‘‘I, II, IV, and V’’ for ‘‘I, II, and IV’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1976 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 94–521 effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title. § 222. Giving suggestions or information with in- tent to cause inaccurate enumeration of pop- ulation Whoever, either directly or indirectly, offers or renders to any officer or employee of the De- partment of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof engaged in making an enumeration of population under subchapter II, IV, or V of chap- ter 5 of this title, any suggestion, advice, infor- mation or assistance of any kind, with the in- tent or purpose of causing an inaccurate enu- meration of population to be made, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1023; Pub. L. 85–207, § 16, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 484.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §§ 122, 209 (June 18, 1929, ch. 28, § 9, 46 Stat. 23; June 19, 1948, ch. 502, § 2, 62 Stat. 479). Section consolidates the second paragraph of section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which was a part of chap- ter 4 of that title relating to censuses of population, ag- riculture, etc., with that part of section 122 of such title which made such section 209 applicable to the in- terim surveys provided for by section 121(b) of such title (see subchapter IV of chapter 5 of this revised title). For remainder of such sections 122 and 209, see Distribution Table. Section 122 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., made section 209 of such title applicable to the quinquennial censuses of manufactures, the mineral industries, and other businesses provided for by section 121(a) thereof (sub- chapter I of chapter 5 of this revised title), and applica- ble, with certain qualifications and exceptions, to the interim surveys, which section 121(b) thereof provided for, not only with respect to those censuses but also the censuses provided for in ‘‘other Acts’’ (chapter 5 of this title). However, the particular provisions of such sec- tion 209 that have been carried into this revised section related only to population enumerations, and this sec- tion has accordingly been restricted to the population censuses authorized under subchapter II of chapter 5 of this title, and to the interim surveys authorized under subchapter IV of such chapter only in so far as they re- late to population enumerations. The exceptions and qualifications with respect to the application of this section to such interim surveys are set out elsewhere in this subchapter. Reference to ‘‘any officer or employee’’ was sub- stituted for ‘‘any supervisor, supervisor’s clerk, enu- merator, interpreter, special agent, or other officer or employee’’, as the latter enumeration of the types of Page 30 TITLE 13—CENSUS § 223 employees is unnecessary and redundant; and ‘‘Depart- ment of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof’’ was substituted for ‘‘Census Office’’, to conform with 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, effective May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263. See Revision Note to section 4 of this title. Subsection (b) of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., The Public Health and Welfare (which section has been transferred in its entirety to this revised title), made section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., applicable to the censuses of housing (subchapter II of chapter 5 of this revised title). However, the particular provisions of such section 209 that have been carried into this re- vised section, could not, by their terms, be relevant to housing censuses, hence no reference is made in this section to such censuses. Words in section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., ‘‘ei- ther as to the number of persons resident in any dis- trict or community, or in any other respect’’, were omitted from the revised section as unnecessary and superfluous. Reference to the offense described as a ‘‘mis- demeanor’’ was omitted as covered by section 1 of title 18, U.S.C., Crimes and Criminal Procedure, classifying offenses; and words ‘‘and upon conviction thereof’’ were omitted as surplusage. Changes were made in phraseology. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1957—Pub. L. 85–207 substituted ‘‘II, IV, or V’’ for ‘‘II or IV’’. § 223. Refusal, by owners, proprietors, etc., to as- sist census employees Whoever, being the owner, proprietor, man- ager, superintendent, or agent of any hotel, apartment house, boarding or lodging house, tenement, or other building, refuses or willfully neglects, when requested by the Secretary or by any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof, act- ing under the instructions of the Secretary, to furnish the names of the occupants of such premises, or to give free ingress thereto and egress therefrom to any duly accredited rep- resentative of such Department or bureau or agency thereof, so as to permit the collection of statistics with respect to any census provided for in subchapters I and II of chapter 5 of this title, or any survey authorized by subchapter IV or V of such chapter insofar as such survey re- lates to any of the subjects for which censuses are provided by such subchapters I and II, in- cluding, when relevant to the census or survey being taken or made, the proper and correct enumeration of all persons having their usual place of abode in such premises, shall be fined not more than $500. (Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1023; Pub. L. 85–207, § 17, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 484.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., §§ 122, 209, and sec- tion 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., The Public Health and Welfare (June 18, 1929, ch. 28, § 9, 46 Stat. 23; June 19, 1948, ch. 502, § 2, 62 Stat. 479; July 15, 1949, ch. 338. title VI, § 607, 63 Stat. 441). Section consolidates the third paragraph of section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which was a part of chap- ter 4 of that title relating to censuses of population, ag- riculture, etc. (subchapter II of chapter 5 of this revised title), with that part of section 122 of such title which made such section 209 applicable to the quinquennial censuses of manufactures, the mineral industries, and other businesses provided for by section 121(a) of such title (subchapter I of chapter 5 of this revised title) and, with certain qualifications and exceptions, appli- cable to the interim surveys provided for by section 121(b) of such title (subchapter IV of chapter 5 of this revised title), and with that part of subsection (b) of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which made such section 209 applicable to the decennial censuses of housing (subchapter II of chapter 5 of this revised title). For remainder of sections 122 and 209 of this re- vised title, and of section 1442 of title 42, U.S.C., 1952 ed. (which section has been transferred in its entirety to this revised title), see Distribution Table. Section 122 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., made section 209 of such title applicable to the interim surveys (pro- vided for by section 121(b) thereof) not only with re- spect to the censuses of manufacturers, the mineral in- dustries, and other businesses provided for by section 121(a) thereof, but also with respect to the censuses provided for by ‘‘other Acts’’ (chapter 5 of this title). However, section 252 of that title, which was a part of a chapter thereof relating to the quinquennial censuses of governments (subchapter III of chapter 5 of this re- vised title), in making certain sections of chapter 4 thereof applicable to such censuses, did not specify such section 209. Therefore, this revised section is not made so applicable, either to the censuses of govern- ments provided for in subchapter III of chapter 5 of this title, or to surveys provided for in subchapter IV there- of in so far as such surveys relate to governments. The language of section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., providing that it should ‘‘be the duty’’ of every owner, proprietor, etc., to furnish the described information or assistance was omitted as unnecessary and redundant. The provisions, as herein revised, define an offense and prescribe a penalty for committing it, and are deemed sufficient for the purpose of enforcement. However, some of the language used in the omitted provisions was necessarily included in the description of the of- fense. References to the Secretary (of Commerce) and to ‘‘any other officer or employee of the Department of Commerce or bureau or agency thereof’’ were sub- stituted for references to the Director of the Census and the Census Office, to conform with 1950 Reorganiza- tion Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263. See Revision Note to section 4 of this title. The enumeration of the different types of employees, in section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., ‘‘supervisor, enumerator,’’, etc., was omitted as unnecessary and covered by the reference in this revised section to ‘‘offi- cer or employee’’. Reference in section 209 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., to the described offense as a ‘‘misdemeanor’’ was omitted as covered by section 1 of title 18, U.S.C., 1952 ed., Crimes and Criminal Procedure, classifying offenses, and words in such section ‘‘and upon conviction there- of’’ were omitted as surplusage. Changes were made in phraseology. The qualifications and exceptions contained in that part of section 122 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., which made section 209 of such title applicable to the surveys provided for in section 121(b) thereof (subchapter IV of chapter 5 of this revised title), are set out elsewhere in this subchapter. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1957—Pub. L. 85–207 inserted ‘‘or V’’ after ‘‘subchapter IV’’. § 224. Failure to answer questions affecting com- panies, businesses, religious bodies, and other organizations; false answers Whoever, being the owner, official, agent, per- son in charge, or assistant to the person in