7 U.S.C. § 3371 — Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title VII,

Page 1655 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 3402 SUBCHAPTER XV—GENERAL PROVISIONS § 3371. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, § 7614(a), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4833 Section, Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, § 1492, as added Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, § 7128(a), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 877, related to matching funds requirement. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of section by Pub. L. 115–334 applicable to grants, cooperative agreements, or other awards de- scribed in Pub. L. 115–334, § 7614(b) (amending sections 3157, 3322, 3333, 5813, 5924, 5925, 5925b, 7626, 7632, and 8114 of this title) that are made after Dec. 20, 2018, with matching funds requirement in effect on Dec. 20, 2018, to continue to apply to such grant, cooperative agree- ment, or other award, see section 7614(c) of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as an Effective Date of 2018 Amendment note under section 3151 of this title. CHAPTER 65—WHEAT AND WHEAT FOODS RESEARCH AND NUTRITION EDUCATION Sec. 3401. Congressional findings and declaration of pol- icy. 3402. Definitions. 3403. Issuance of orders. 3404. Permissive terms and conditions of orders. 3405. Wheat Industry Council. 3406. Exemption for retail bakers. 3407. Referendum. 3408. Refund of processed wheat assessment. 3409. Petition and review. 3410. Enforcement of orders and regulations. 3411. Suspension and termination of orders. 3412. Investigations; power to subpena and take oaths and affirmations; aid of courts. 3413. Certification of organizations. 3414. Other programs relating to wheat or wheat food research or nutrition education. 3415. Regulations. 3416. Amendments to orders. 3417. Authorization of appropriations. § 3401. Congressional findings and declaration of policy (a) Wheat is basic to the American diet and the American economy. It is grown by thou- sands of farmers and consumed, in various forms, by millions of people in the United States. (b) The size of the American wheat crop and how it is marketed and ultimately consumed de- termines whether many Americans receive ade- quate nourishment. Wheat has a strong impact on the Nation’s well-being. Additional research on the optimal use of wheat products can im- prove the American diet. Consumer education about the nutritional value and economic use of wheat products can enhance the national wel- fare. (c) It has long been recognized that it is in the national interest to have a regular, adequate, and high quality wheat supply. It would be ex- tremely difficult, without an effective coordi- nated research and nutrition education effort, to accomplish this objective. A programed effort of research and nutrition education is of great im- portance to wheat producers, processors, end product manufacturers, and consumers. (d) It is the purpose of this chapter and in the public interest to authorize and enable the cre- ation of an orderly procedure, adequately fi- nanced through an assessment, for the develop- ment and initiation of an effective and contin- uous coordinated program of research and nutri- tion education, designed to improve and enhance the quality, and make the most efficient use, of American wheat, processed wheat, and wheat end products to ensure an adequate diet for the people of the United States. The maximum rate of assessment authorized hereunder represents an infinitesimal proportion of the overall cost of manufacturing wheat end products. Therefore, such assessment will not significantly affect the retail prices of those products. Furthermore, any price effect will be more than offset by the increased efficiency in end product manufacture and increased consumer acceptance, due to nu- tritional improvements in wheat products, which may be expected to follow from adoption of a plan under this chapter. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to provide for control of production or otherwise limit the right of in- dividual wheat producers to produce wheat. (Pub. L. 95–113, title XVII, § 1702, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1031.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amend- ment note under section 1307 of this title. SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 95–113, title XVII, § 1701, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1031, provided that: ‘‘This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Wheat and Wheat Foods Research and Nutrition Education Act’.’’ SEPARABILITY Pub. L. 95–113, title XVII, § 1718, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1040, provided that: ‘‘If any provision of this title [this chapter] or the application thereof to any person or cir- cumstances is held invalid, the validity of the remain- der of the title and of the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be af- fected thereby.’’ § 3402. Definitions For the purposes of this chapter: (a) The term ‘‘wheat’’ means all classes of wheat grains grown in the United States. (b) The term ‘‘processed wheat’’ means the wheat-derived content of any substance (such as cake mix or flour) produced for use as an ingre- dient of an end product by changing wheat grown within the United States in form or char- acter by any mechanical, chemical, or other means. (c) The term ‘‘end product’’ means any product which contains processed wheat as an ingredient and which is intended, as produced, for con- sumption as human food, notwithstanding any additional incidental preparation which may be necessary by the ultimate consumer. (d) The term ‘‘wheat producer’’ means any per- son who grows wheat within the United States for market. (e) The term ‘‘processor’’ means any person who commercially produces processed wheat within the United States. (f) The term ‘‘end product manufacturer’’ means any person who commercially produces