20 U.S.C. § 7511 — Short title

Page 1560 TITLE 20—EDUCATION § 7511 priated $17,993,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2020. (c) Subpart 3 For the purpose of carrying out subpart 3, there are authorized to be appropriated $5,565,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2020. (Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6152, formerly title VII, § 7152, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, § 701, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1932; renumbered title VI, § 6152, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VI, §§ 6001(a), (b)(1), 6002(t), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2046, 2062.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 6152 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 7321a of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95. AMENDMENTS 2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–95, § 6002(t)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘$100,381,000 for fiscal year 2017, $102,388,620 for fiscal year 2018, $104,436,392 for fiscal year 2019, and $106,525,120 for fiscal year 2020’’ for ‘‘$96,400,000 for fiscal year 2002 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–95, § 6002(t)(2), in heading, sub- stituted ‘‘Subpart 2’’ for ‘‘Subparts 2 and 3’’, and in text, substituted ‘‘subpart 2’’ for ‘‘subparts 2 and 3’’ and ‘‘$17,993,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2020’’ for ‘‘$24,000,000 for fiscal year 2002 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years’’. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–95, § 6002(t)(3), added subsec. (c). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2015 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive pro- grams and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title. PART B—NATIVE HAWAIIAN EDUCATION § 7511. Short title This part may be cited as the ‘‘Native Hawai- ian Education Act’’. (Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6201, formerly title VII, § 7201, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, § 701, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1932; renumbered title VI, § 6201, Pub. L. 114–95, title VI, § 6001(a), (b)(1), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2046.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions naming former part B (§ 7901 et seq.) of subchapter IX of this chapter as the ‘‘Native Hawaiian Education Act’’ were contained in section 7901 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former sub- chapter IX of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110. A prior section 7511, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7201, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3737, set forth short title of the Foreign Language As- sistance Act of 1994, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter VII of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110. A prior section 6201 of Pub. L. 89–10 was renumbered section 5201 and is classified to section 7341 of this title. Another prior section 6201 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classi- fied to section 7331 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter VI of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110. Another prior section 6201 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classi- fied to section 3271 of this title, prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382. § 7512. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Native Hawaiians are a distinct and unique indigenous people with a historical continuity to the original inhabitants of the Hawaiian archipelago, whose society was orga- nized as a nation and internationally recog- nized as a nation by the United States, Brit- ain, France, and Japan, as evidenced by trea- ties governing friendship, commerce, and navi- gation. (2) At the time of the arrival of the first non- indigenous people in Hawaii in 1778, the Native Hawaiian people lived in a highly organized, self-sufficient subsistence social system based on a communal land tenure system with a so- phisticated language, culture, and religion. (3) A unified monarchal government of the Hawaiian Islands was established in 1810 under Kamehameha I, the first King of Hawaii. (4) From 1826 until 1893, the United States recognized the sovereignty and independence of the Kingdom of Hawaii, which was estab- lished in 1810 under Kamehameha I, extended full and complete diplomatic recognition to the Kingdom of Hawaii, and entered into trea- ties and conventions with the Kingdom of Ha- waii to govern friendship, commerce and navi- gation in 1826, 1842, 1849, 1875, and 1887. (5) In 1893, the sovereign, independent, inter- nationally recognized, and indigenous govern- ment of Hawaii, the Kingdom of Hawaii, was overthrown by a small group of non-Hawai- ians, including United States citizens, who were assisted in their efforts by the United States Minister, a United States naval rep- resentative, and armed naval forces of the United States. Because of the participation of United States agents and citizens in the over- throw of the Kingdom of Hawaii, in 1993 the United States apologized to Native Hawaiians for the overthrow and the deprivation of the rights of Native Hawaiians to self-determina- tion through Public Law 103–150 (107 Stat. 1510). (6) In 1898, the joint resolution entitled ‘‘Joint Resolution to provide for annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States’’, ap- proved July 7, 1898 (30 Stat. 750), ceded abso- lute title of all lands held by the Republic of Hawaii, including the government and crown lands of the former Kingdom of Hawaii, to the United States, but mandated that revenue generated from the lands be used ‘‘solely for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Hawaiian Islands for educational and other public pur- poses’’. (7) By 1919, the Native Hawaiian population had declined from an estimated 1,000,000 in 1778 to an alarming 22,600, and in recognition of this severe decline, Congress enacted the Ha- waiian Homes Commission Act, 1920 (42 Stat. 108), which designated approximately 200,000