Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections

19 U.S.C. § 4731 — Other monitoring and enforcement actions

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

19 U.S.C. § 4731 — Other monitoring and enforcement actions

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 4731

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.

Original supplied file — preserved unchanged

Download original Markdown file

File SHA-256: 33748ed16a239504cd44a4e59e91b086ede28d865ad106ed38aedfef088c86cd. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.

Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.

Open the recorded source website ↗

Record provenance

Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_f6779be0e99ae047f4ebbc71
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-19/section-4731-other-monitoring-and-enforcement-actions--0be50e2f47.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: 6790beae5e34280344a6a4d4120070ef070007488a230505cbbcb986db5ecb6a

Source location: Title 19, Chapter 29, § 4731; chapter-029-united-states-mexico-canada-agreement-implementation.md

Stored source content

**(a) Marine Mammal Protection Act** The Secretary of Commerce has authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 ([16 U.S.C. 1361](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1361&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(b) Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act** The Secretary of Commerce has authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the following provisions of law: (1) The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act ([16 U.S.C. 1801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). (2) The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act of 2006 ([16 U.S.C. 1891](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1891&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). (3) The High Seas Driftnet Fishing Moratorium Protection Act ([16 U.S.C. 1826d](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1826d&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). (4) The Shark Conservation Act of 2010 ([16 U.S.C. 1826k](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1826k&num=0&edition=prelim) note; 1857 note). (5) The Shark Finning Prohibition Act ([16 U.S.C. 1822](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1822&num=0&edition=prelim) note). **(c) Fishermen’s Protective Act of 1967** The Secretary of Commerce and Secretary of the Interior have authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under section 8 of the Fishermen’s Protective Act of 1967 ([22 U.S.C. 1978](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1978&num=0&edition=prelim)). **(d) Agreement on Port State Measures To Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing** The Secretary of Commerce has authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Port State Measures Agreement Act of 2015 ([16 U.S.C. 7401](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section7401&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(e) Endangered Species Act** The Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of the Treasury have authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ([16 U.S.C. 1531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1531&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(f) Lacey Act** The Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Secretary of the Treasury have authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 ([16 U.S.C. 3371](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3371&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(g) Migratory Bird Treaty Act** The Secretary of the Interior has authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 11 See References in Text note below. ([16 U.S.C. 703](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section703&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(h) Eliminate, Neutralize, and Disrupt Wildlife Trafficking Act** The Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Interior, the Attorney General, and Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development have authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Eliminate, Neutralize, and Disrupt Wildlife Trafficking Act of 2016 ([16 U.S.C. 7601](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section7601&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(i) Wild Bird Conservation Act** The Secretary of the Interior has authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under the Wild Bird Conservation Act of 1992 ([16 U.S.C. 4901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section4901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). **(j) Customs seizure and other authorities** The Secretary of Homeland Security has authority to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under [section 1499 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1499&num=0&edition=prelim) or [section 1595a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1595a&num=0&edition=prelim). **(k) Other relevant provisions of law** The Interagency Environment Committee may request the heads of other Federal agencies to take appropriate monitoring or enforcement actions under other relevant provisions of law. **(l) Rule of construction** Nothing in this section may be construed to supersede or otherwise limit in any manner the functions or authority of the head of any Federal agency described in this section under any other provision of law.

Cross-references

Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 3371 — Definitions

For the purposes of this chapter: **(a) Breed.—** The term “breed” means to facilitate propagation or reproduction (whether intentionally or negligently), or to fail to prevent propagation or reproduction. **(b)** The term “fish or wildlife” means any wild animal, whether alive or dead, including without limitation any wild mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian, fish, mollusk, crustacean, arthropod, coelenterate, or other invertebrate, whether or not bred, hatched, or born in captivity, and includes any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof. **(c)** The term “import” means to land on, bring into, or introduce into, any place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, whether or not such landing, bringing, or introduction constitutes an importation within the meaning of the customs laws of the United States. **(d)** The term “Indian tribal law” means any regulation of, or other rule of conduct enforceable by, any Indian tribe, band, or group but only to the extent that the regulation or rule applies within Indian country as defined in [section 1151 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1151&num=0&edition=prelim). **(e)** The terms “law,” “treaty,” “regulation,” and “Indian tribal law” mean laws, treaties, regulations or Indian tribal laws which regulate the taking, possession, importation, exportation, transportation, or sale of fish or wildlife or plants. **(f)** The term “person” includes any individual, partnership, association, corporation, trust, or any officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of the Federal Government or of any State or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. **(g) Plant.—** (1) **In general.—** — The terms “p

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3371

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1531 — Congressional findings and declaration of purposes and policy

**(a) Findings** The Congress finds and declares that— (1) various species of fish, wildlife, and plants in the United States have been rendered extinct as a consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation; (2) other species of fish, wildlife, and plants have been so depleted in numbers that they are in danger of or threatened with extinction; (3) these species of fish, wildlife, and plants are of esthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, and scientific value to the Nation and its people; (4) the United States has pledged itself as a sovereign state in the international community to conserve to the extent practicable the various species of fish or wildlife and plants facing extinction, pursuant to— (A) migratory bird treaties with Canada and Mexico; (B) the Migratory and Endangered Bird Treaty with Japan; (C) the Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemisphere; (D) the International Convention for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries; (E) the International Convention for the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean; (F) the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora; and (G) other international agreements; and (5) encouraging the States and other interested parties, through Federal financial assistance and a system of incentives, to develop and maintain conservation programs which meet national and international standards is a key to meeting the Nation’s international commitments and to better safeguarding, for the benefit of all citizens, the Nation’s heritage in fish, wildlife, and plants. **(b) Purposes** The purposes of this chapter are to provide a means whereby the ecosystems upon which endangered

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1531

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1826k — Equivalent conservation measures

**(a) Identification** (1) **In general** — The Secretary shall identify and list in the report under [section 1826h of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1826h&num=0&edition=prelim)— (A) a nation if— (i) any fishing vessel of that nation is engaged, or has been engaged during the 3 years preceding the date of the determination, in fishing activities or practices on the high seas or within the exclusive economic zone of any nation, that have resulted in bycatch of a protected living marine resource; and (ii) the vessel’s flag state has not adopted, implemented, and enforced a regulatory program governing such fishing designed to end or reduce such bycatch that is comparable in effectiveness to the regulatory program of the United States, taking into account differing conditions; and (B) a nation if— (i) any fishing vessel of that nation is engaged, or has engaged during the 3 years preceding the date of the determination, in fishing activities on the high seas or within the exclusive economic zone of another nation that target or incidentally catch sharks; and (ii) the vessel’s flag state has not adopted, implemented, and enforced a regulatory program to provide for the conservation of sharks, including measures to prohibit removal of any of the fins of a shark, including the tail, before landing the shark in port, that is comparable to that of the United States. (2) **Timing** — The Secretary shall make an identification under paragraph (1) at any time that the Secretary has sufficient information to make such identification. **(b) Consultation and negotiation** The Secretary of State, acting in consultation with the Secretary, shall— (1) notify, as soon as practicable, the President and

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1826k

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1826d — Prohibition

The United States, or any agency or official acting on behalf of the United States, may not enter into any international agreement with respect to the conservation and management of living marine resources or the use of the high seas by fishing vessels that would prevent full implementation of the global moratorium on large-scale driftnet fishing on the high seas, as such moratorium is expressed in Resolution 46/215 of the United Nations General Assembly.

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1826d

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 4901 — Findings

The Congress finds the following: (1) In addition to habitat loss and local use, the international pet trade in wild-caught exotic birds is contributing to the decline of species in the wild, and the mortality associated with the trade remains unacceptably high. (2) The United States, as the world’s largest importer of exotic birds and as a Party to the Convention, should play a substantial role in finding effective solutions to these problems, including assisting countries of origin in implementing programs of wild bird conservation, and ensuring that the market in the United States for exotic birds does not operate to the detriment of the survival of species in the wild. (3) Sustainable utilization of exotic birds has the potential to create economic value in them and their habitats, which will contribute to their conservation and promote the maintenance of biological diversity generally. (4) Utilization of exotic birds that is not sustainable should not be allowed. (5) Broad international attention has focused on the serious conservation and welfare problems which currently exist in the trade in wild-caught animals, including exotic birds. (6) Many countries have chosen not to export their wild birds for the pet trade. Their decisions should be respected and their efforts should be supported. (7) Several countries that allow for the export of their wild birds often lack the means to develop or effectively implement scientifically based management plans, and these countries should be assisted in developing and implementing management plans to enable them to ensure that their wild bird trade is conducted humanely and at sustainable levels. (8) The major exotic bird exporting countries are Parties to the Convention. (9) The Convention recognizes that trade in s

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 4901

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 703 — Taking, killing, or possessing migratory birds unlawful

**(a) In general** Unless and except as permitted by regulations made as hereinafter provided in this subchapter, it shall be unlawful at any time, by any means or in any manner, to pursue, hunt, take, capture, kill, attempt to take, capture, or kill, possess, offer for sale, sell, offer to barter, barter, offer to purchase, purchase, deliver for shipment, ship, export, import, cause to be shipped, exported, or imported, deliver for transportation, transport or cause to be transported, carry or cause to be carried, or receive for shipment, transportation, carriage, or export, any migratory bird, any part, nest, or egg of any such bird, or any product, whether or not manufactured, which consists, or is composed in whole or part, of any such bird or any part, nest, or egg thereof, included in the terms of the conventions between the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds concluded August 16, 1916 (39 Stat. 1702), the United States and the United Mexican States for the protection of migratory birds and game mammals concluded February 7, 1936, the United States and the Government of Japan for the protection of migratory birds and birds in danger of extinction, and their environment concluded March 4, 1972, and the convention between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics for the conservation of migratory birds and their environments concluded November 19, 1976. **(b) Limitation on application to introduced species** (1) **In general** — This subchapter applies only to migratory bird species that are native to the United States or its territories. (2) **Native to the United States defined** (A) *In general* — Subject to subparagraph (B), in this subsection the term “native to the United States or its territories” me

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 703

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1822 — International fishery agreements

**(a) Negotiations** The Secretary of State— (1) shall renegotiate treaties as provided for in subsection (b); (2) shall negotiate governing international fishery agreements described in [section 1821(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1821/c&num=0&edition=prelim); (3) may negotiate boundary agreements as provided for in subsection (d); (4) shall, upon the request of and in cooperation with the Secretary, initiate and conduct negotiations for the purpose of entering into international fishery agreements— (A) which allow fishing vessels of the United States equitable access to fish over which foreign nations assert exclusive fishery management authority, and (B) which provide for the conservation and management of anadromous species and highly migratory species; and (5) may enter into such other negotiations, not prohibited by subsection (c), as may be necessary and appropriate to further the purposes, policy, and provisions of this chapter. **(b) Treaty renegotiation** The Secretary of State, in cooperation with the Secretary, shall initiate, promptly after April 13, 1976, the renegotiation of any treaty which pertains to fishing within the exclusive economic zone (or within the area that will constitute such zone after February 28, 1977), or for anadromous species or Continental Shelf fishery resources beyond such zone or area, and which is in any manner inconsistent with the purposes, policy, or provisions of this chapter, in order to conform such treaty to such purposes, policy, and provisions. It is the sense of Congress that the United States shall withdraw from any such treaty, in accordance with its provisions, if such treaty is not so renegotiated within a reasonable period of time after Apri

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1822

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1801 — Findings, purposes and policy

**(a) Findings** The Congress finds and declares the following: (1) The fish off the coasts of the United States, the highly migratory species of the high seas, the species which dwell on or in the Continental Shelf appertaining to the United States, and the anadromous species which spawn in United States rivers or estuaries, constitute valuable and renewable natural resources. These fishery resources contribute to the food supply, economy, and health of the Nation and provide recreational opportunities. (2) Certain stocks of fish have declined to the point where their survival is threatened, and other stocks of fish have been so substantially reduced in number that they could become similarly threatened as a consequence of (A) increased fishing pressure, (B) the inadequacy of fishery resource conservation and management practices and controls, or (C) direct and indirect habitat losses which have resulted in a diminished capacity to support existing fishing levels. (3) Commercial and recreational fishing constitutes a major source of employment and contributes significantly to the economy of the Nation. Many coastal areas are dependent upon fishing and related activities, and their economies have been badly damaged by the overfishing of fishery resources at an ever-increasing rate over the past decade. The activities of massive foreign fishing fleets in waters adjacent to such coastal areas have contributed to such damage, interfered with domestic fishing efforts, and caused destruction of the fishing gear of United States fishermen. (4) International fishery agreements have not been effective in preventing or terminating the overfishing of these valuable fishery resources. There is danger that irreversible effects from overfishing will take place before an effectiv

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1801

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 7601 — Community conservation

The Secretary of State, in collaboration with the United State Agency for International Development, heads of other relevant United States agencies, the private sector, nongovernmental organizations, and other development partners, may provide support in focus countries to carry out the recommendations made in the strategic plan required under [section 7631(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section7631/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim) as such recommendations relate to the development, scaling, and replication of community wildlife conservancies and community conservation programs in focus countries to assist with rural stability and greater security for people and wildlife, empower and support communities to manage or benefit from their wildlife resources in a long-term biologically viable manner, and reduce the threat of poaching and trafficking, including through— (1) promoting conservation-based enterprises and incentives, such as eco-tourism and stewardship-oriented agricultural production, that empower communities to manage wildlife, natural resources, and community ventures where appropriate, by ensuring they benefit from well-managed wildlife populations; (2) helping create alternative livelihoods to poaching by mitigating wildlife trafficking, helping support rural stability, greater security for people and wildlife, responsible economic development, and economic incentives to conserve wildlife populations; (3) engaging regional businesses and the private sector to develop goods and services to aid in anti-poaching and anti-trafficking measures; (4) working with communities to develop secure and safe methods of sharing information with enforcement officials; (5) providing technical assistance to support land

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 7601

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

19 U.S.C. § 1595a — Aiding unlawful importation

**(a) Importation, removal, etc. contrary to laws of United States** Except as specified in subsection (b) or (c) of [section 1594 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1594&num=0&edition=prelim), every vessel, vehicle, animal, aircraft, or other thing used in, to aid in, or to facilitate, by obtaining information or in any other way, the importation, bringing in, unlading, landing, removal, concealing, harboring, or subsequent transportation of any article which is being or has been introduced, or attempted to be introduced, into the United States contrary to law, whether upon such vessel, vehicle, animal, aircraft, or other thing or otherwise, may be seized and forfeited together with its tackle, apparel, furniture, harness, or equipment. **(b) Penalty for aiding unlawful importation** Every person who directs, assists financially or otherwise, or is in any way concerned in any unlawful activity mentioned in the preceding subsection shall be liable to a penalty equal to the value of the article or articles introduced or attempted to be introduced. **(c) Merchandise introduced contrary to law** Merchandise which is introduced or attempted to be introduced into the United States contrary to law shall be treated as follows: (1) The merchandise shall be seized and forfeited if it— (A) is stolen, smuggled, or clandestinely imported or introduced; (B) is a controlled substance, as defined in the Controlled Substances Act ([21 U.S.C. 801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), and is not imported in accordance with applicable law; (C) is a contraband article, as defined in [section 80302 of title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1595a

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.