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16 U.S.C. § 1812 — Highly migratory species
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The United States shall cooperate directly or through appropriate international organizations with those nations involved in fisheries for highly migratory species with a view to ensuring conservation and shall promote the achievement of optimum yield of such species throughout their range, both within and beyond the exclusive economic zone.
**(b) Traditional participation** In managing any fisheries under an international fisheries agreement to which the United States is a party, the appropriate Council or Secretary shall take into account the traditional participation in the fishery, relative to other nations, by fishermen of the United States on fishing vessels of the United States.
**(c) Promotion of stock management** If a relevant international fisheries organization does not have a process for developing a formal plan to rebuild a depleted stock, an overfished stock, or a stock that is approaching a condition of being overfished, the provisions of this chapter in this regard shall be communicated to and promoted by the United States in the international or regional fisheries organization.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_f3505162d458c4c32d308c51
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-16/section-1812-highly-migratory-species--7bef3a403a.md
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 38, § 1812; chapter-038-fishery-conservation-and-management.md
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**(a) In general** The United States shall cooperate directly or through appropriate international organizations with those nations involved in fisheries for highly migratory species with a view to ensuring conservation and shall promote the achievement of optimum yield of such species throughout their range, both within and beyond the exclusive economic zone.
**(b) Traditional participation** In managing any fisheries under an international fisheries agreement to which the United States is a party, the appropriate Council or Secretary shall take into account the traditional participation in the fishery, relative to other nations, by fishermen of the United States on fishing vessels of the United States.
**(c) Promotion of stock management** If a relevant international fisheries organization does not have a process for developing a formal plan to rebuild a depleted stock, an overfished stock, or a stock that is approaching a condition of being overfished, the provisions of this chapter in this regard shall be communicated to and promoted by the United States in the international or regional fisheries organization.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds and declares the following:
(1) The fish off the coasts of the United States, the highly migratory species of the high seas, the species which dwell on or in the Continental Shelf appertaining to the United States, and the anadromous species which spawn in United States rivers or estuaries, constitute valuable and renewable natural resources. These fishery resources contribute to the food supply, economy, and health of the Nation and provide recreational opportunities.
(2) Certain stocks of fish have declined to the point where their survival is threatened, and other stocks of fish have been so substantially reduced in number that they could become similarly threatened as a consequence of (A) increased fishing pressure, (B) the inadequacy of fishery resource conservation and management practices and controls, or (C) direct and indirect habitat losses which have resulted in a diminished capacity to support existing fishing levels.
(3) Commercial and recreational fishing constitutes a major source of employment and contributes significantly to the economy of the Nation. Many coastal areas are dependent upon fishing and related activities, and their economies have been badly damaged by the overfishing of fishery resources at an ever-increasing rate over the past decade. The activities of massive foreign fishing fleets in waters adjacent to such coastal areas have contributed to such damage, interfered with domestic fishing efforts, and caused destruction of the fishing gear of United States fishermen.
(4) International fishery agreements have not been effective in preventing or terminating the overfishing of these valuable fishery resources. There is danger that irreversible effects from overfishing will take place before an effectiv
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1801
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In the exclusive economic zone** Except as provided in [section 1812 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1812&num=0&edition=prelim), the United States claims, and will exercise in the manner provided for in this chapter, sovereign rights and exclusive fishery management authority over all fish, and all Continental Shelf fishery resources, within the exclusive economic zone.
**(b) Beyond the exclusive economic zone** The United States claims, and will exercise in the manner provided for in this chapter, exclusive fishery management authority over the following:
(1) All anadromous species throughout the migratory range of each such species beyond the exclusive economic zone; except that that management authority does not extend to any such species during the time they are found within any waters of a foreign nation.
(2) All Continental Shelf fishery resources beyond the exclusive economic zone.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1811
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section, Pub. L. 94–265, title I, § 103, Apr. 13, 1976, 90 Stat. 336, which related to exclusion of highly migratory species of fish from exclusive fishery management authority, was omitted in the general revision of this subchapter by section 101(b) of Pub. L. 99–659. See [section 1812 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1812&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1813
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2005
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 1812
SUBCHAPTER II—UNITED STATES RIGHTS
AND AUTHORITY REGARDING FISH AND
FISHERY RESOURCES
§ 1811. United States sovereign rights to fish and
fishery management authority
(a) In the exclusive economic zone
Except as provided in section 1812 of this title,
the United States claims, and will exercise in
the manner provided for in this chapter, sov-
ereign rights and exclusive fishery management
authority over all fish, and all Continental Shelf
fishery resources, within the exclusive economic
zone.
(b) Beyond the exclusive economic zone
The United States claims, and will exercise in
the manner provided for in this chapter, exclu-
sive fishery management authority over the fol-
lowing:
(1) All anadromous species throughout the
migratory range of each such species beyond
the exclusive economic zone; except that that
management authority does not extend to any
such species during the time they are found
within any waters of a foreign nation.
(2) All Continental Shelf fishery resources
beyond the exclusive economic zone.
(Pub. L. 94–265, title I, § 101, Apr. 13, 1976, 90 Stat.
336; Pub. L. 99–659, title I, § 101(b), Nov. 14, 1986,
100 Stat. 3706; Pub. L. 101–627, title I, § 102(b),
Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4438; Pub. L. 102–251, title
III, § 301(c), Mar. 9, 1992, 106 Stat. 62.)
AMENDMENT OF SECTION
Pub. L. 102–251, title III, §§ 301(c), 308, Mar. 9,
1992, 106 Stat. 62, 66, provided that, effective on
the date on which the Agreement between the
United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics on the Maritime Boundary, signed
June 1, 1990, enters into force for the United
States, with authority to prescribe implementing
regulations effective Mar. 9, 1992, but with no
such regulation to be effective
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 1812
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