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10 U.S.C. § 860c — Art. 60c. Entry of judgment
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Entry of Judgment of General or Special Court-martial.—**
(1) In accordance with rules prescribed by the President, in a general or special court-martial, the military judge shall enter into the record of trial the judgment of the court. The judgment of the court shall consist of the following:
(A) The Statement of Trial Results under [section 860 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60).
(B) Any modifications of, or supplements to, the Statement of Trial Results by reason of—
(i) any post-trial action by the convening authority; or
(ii) any ruling, order, or other determination of the military judge that affects a plea, a finding, or the sentence.
(2) Under rules prescribed by the President, the judgment under paragraph (1) shall be—
(A) provided to the accused and to any victim of the offense; and
(B) made available to the public.
**(b) Summary Court-martial Judgment.—** The findings and sentence of a summary court-martial, as modified by any post-trial action by the convening authority under [section 860b of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860b&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60b), constitutes the judgment of the court-martial and shall be recorded and distributed under rules prescribed by the President.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-860c-art-60c-entry-of-judgment--7fd11e5fea.md
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Source location: Title 10, Chapter 47, § 860c; chapter-047-uniform-code-of-military-justice.md
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**(a) Entry of Judgment of General or Special Court-martial.—**
(1) In accordance with rules prescribed by the President, in a general or special court-martial, the military judge shall enter into the record of trial the judgment of the court. The judgment of the court shall consist of the following:
(A) The Statement of Trial Results under [section 860 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60).
(B) Any modifications of, or supplements to, the Statement of Trial Results by reason of—
(i) any post-trial action by the convening authority; or
(ii) any ruling, order, or other determination of the military judge that affects a plea, a finding, or the sentence.
(2) Under rules prescribed by the President, the judgment under paragraph (1) shall be—
(A) provided to the accused and to any victim of the offense; and
(B) made available to the public.
**(b) Summary Court-martial Judgment.—** The findings and sentence of a summary court-martial, as modified by any post-trial action by the convening authority under [section 860b of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860b&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60b), constitutes the judgment of the court-martial and shall be recorded and distributed under rules prescribed by the President.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter (the Uniform Code of Military Justice):
(1) The term “Judge Advocate General” means, severally, the Judge Advocates General of the Army, Navy, and Air Force and, except when the Coast Guard is operating as a service in the Navy, an official designated to serve as Judge Advocate General of the Coast Guard by the Secretary of Homeland Security.
(2) The Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard when it is operating as a service in the Navy, shall be considered as one armed force.
(3) The term “commanding officer” includes only commissioned officers.
(4) The term “officer in charge” means a member of the Navy, the Marine Corps, or the Coast Guard designated as such by appropriate authority.
(5) The term “superior commissioned officer” means a commissioned officer superior in rank or command.
(6) The term “cadet” means a cadet of the United States Military Academy, the United States Air Force Academy, or the United States Coast Guard Academy.
(7) The term “midshipman” means a midshipman of the United States Naval Academy and any other midshipman on active duty in the naval service.
(8) The term “military” refers to any or all of the armed forces.
(9) The term “accuser” means a person who signs and swears to charges, any person who directs that charges nominally be signed and sworn to by another, and any other person who has an interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of the accused.
(10) The term “military judge” means a judge advocate designated under [section 826(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section826/c&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 26(c)) who is detailed under section 826(a) or [section 830a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) In a court-martial not specified in [section 860a(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860a/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60a(a)(2)), the convening authority may—
(A) dismiss any charge or specification by setting aside the finding of guilty;
(B) change a finding of guilty to a charge or specification to a finding of guilty to a lesser included offense;
(C) disapprove the findings and the sentence and dismiss the charges and specifications;
(D) disapprove the findings and the sentence and order a rehearing as to the findings and the sentence;
(E) disapprove, commute, or suspend the sentence, in whole or in part; or
(F) disapprove the sentence and order a rehearing as to the sentence.
(2) In a summary court-martial, the convening authority shall approve the sentence or take other action on the sentence under paragraph (1).
(3) Except as provided in paragraph (4), the convening authority may act under this section only before entry of judgment.
(4) The convening authority may act under this section after entry of judgment in a general or special court-martial in the same manner as the convening authority may act under [section 860a(d)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860a/d/2&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60a(d)(2)). Such action shall be forwarded to the chief trial judge, who shall ensure appropriate modification to the entry of judgment and shall transmit the entry of judgment to the Judge Advocate General for appropriate action.
(5) Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary concerned, a commissioned officer commanding for the time being, a successor in command, or any person exercising general
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Statement of Trial Results.—**
(1) The military judge of a general or special court-martial shall enter into the record of trial a document entitled “Statement of Trial Results”, which shall set forth—
(A) each plea and finding;
(B) the sentence, if any; and
(C) such other information as the President may prescribe by regulation.
(2) Copies of the Statement of Trial Results shall be provided promptly to the convening authority, the accused, and any victim of the offense.
**(b) Post-trial Motions.—** In accordance with regulations prescribed by the President, the military judge in a general or special court-martial shall address all post-trial motions and other post-trial matters that—
(1) may affect a plea, a finding, the sentence, the Statement of Trial Results, the record of trial, or any post-trial action by the convening authority; and
(2) are subject to resolution by the military judge before entry of judgment.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority To Pay Compensation.—** The Secretary of Defense, with respect to the armed forces (other than the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy), and the Secretary of Homeland Security, with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, may each establish a program to pay monthly transitional compensation in accordance with this section to dependents or former dependents of a member of the armed forces described in subsection (b). Upon establishment of such a program, the program shall apply in the case of each such member described in subsection (b) who is under the jurisdiction of the Secretary establishing the program.
**(b) Punitive and Other Adverse Actions Covered.—** This section applies in the case of a member of the armed forces on active duty for a period of more than 30 days—
(1) who is convicted of a dependent-abuse offense (as defined in subsection (c)) and whose conviction results in the member—
(A) being separated from active duty pursuant to a sentence of a court-martial; or
(B) forfeiting all pay and allowances pursuant to a sentence of a court-martial;
(2) who is administratively separated, voluntarily or involuntarily, from active duty in accordance with applicable regulations if the basis for the separation includes a dependent-abuse offense; or
(3) who is—
(A) convicted of a dependent-abuse offense in a district court of the United States or a State court; and
(B) separated from active duty pursuant to a sentence of a court-martial, or administratively separated, voluntarily or involuntarily, from active duty, for an offense other than the dependent-abuse offense.
**(c) Dependent-Abuse Offenses.—** For purposes of this section, a dependent-abuse offense is conduct by a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this section:
(1) The term “court” means—
(A) any court of competent jurisdiction of any State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands;
(B) any court of the United States (as defined in [section 451 of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section451&num=0&edition=prelim)) having competent jurisdiction;
(C) any court of competent jurisdiction of a foreign country with which the United States has an agreement requiring the United States to honor any court order of such country; and
(D) any administrative or judicial tribunal of a State competent to enter orders for support or maintenance (including a State agency administering a program under a State plan approved under part D of title IV of the Social Security Act), and, for purposes of this subparagraph, the term “State” includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa.
(2) The term “court order” means a final decree of divorce, dissolution, annulment, or legal separation issued by a court, or a court ordered, ratified, or approved property settlement incident to such a decree (including a final decree modifying the terms of a previously issued decree of divorce, dissolution, annulment, or legal separation, or a court ordered, ratified, or approved property settlement incident to such previously issued decree), or a support order, as defined in section 453(p) of the Social Security Act ([42 U.S.C. 653(p)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section653/p&num=0&edition=prelim)), which—
(A) is issued in accor
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Sentence Maximums.—** The punishment which a court-martial may direct for an offense may not exceed such limits as the President may prescribe for that offense.
**(b) Sentence Minimums for Certain Offenses.—**
(1) Except as provided in subsection (c) 11 See References in Text note below. of [section 853a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section853a&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 53a), punishment for any offense specified in paragraph (2) shall include dismissal or dishonorable discharge, as applicable.
(2) The offenses referred to in paragraph (1) are as follows:
(A) Rape under subsection (a) of [section 920 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section920&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 120).
(B) Sexual assault under subsection (b) of such section (article).
(C) Rape of a child under subsection (a) of [section 920b of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section920b&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 120b).
(D) Sexual assault of a child under subsection (b) of such section (article).
(E) An attempt to commit an offense specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) that is punishable under [section 880 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section880&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 80).
(F) Conspiracy to commit an offense specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) that is punishable under [section 881 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section881&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 81).
**(c) Imposition of Sentence.—**
(1) **In general.—** — In sentencing an accused under [section 853 of this title](https://uscode
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** A court-martial sentence of an enlisted member in a pay grade above E–1, as set forth in the judgment of the court-martial entered into the record under [section 860c of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860c&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60c), that includes—
(1) a dishonorable or bad-conduct discharge;
(2) confinement; or
(3) hard labor without confinement;
reduces that member to pay grade E–1, if such a reduction is authorized by regulation prescribed by the President. The reduction in pay grade shall take effect on the date on which the judgment is so entered.
**(b)** If the sentence of a member who is reduced in pay grade under subsection (a) is set aside or reduced, or, as finally affirmed, does not include any punishment named in subsection (a)(1), (2), or (3), the rights and privileges of which he was deprived because of that reduction shall be restored to him and he is entitled to the pay and allowances to which he would have been entitled, for the period the reduction was in effect, had he not been so reduced.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Transmittal of Records.—**
(1) **Finding of guilty in general or special court-martial.—** — If the judgment of a general or special court-martial entered under [section 860c of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section860c&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 60c) includes a finding of guilty, the record shall be transmitted to the Judge Advocate General.
(2) **Other cases.—** — In all other cases, records of trial by court-martial and related documents shall be transmitted and disposed of as the Secretary concerned may prescribe by regulation.
**(b) Cases for Direct Appeal.—**
(1) **Automatic review.—** — If the judgment includes a sentence of death, dismissal of a commissioned officer, cadet, or midshipman, dishonorable discharge or bad-conduct discharge, or confinement for 2 years or more, the Judge Advocate General shall forward—
(A) the record of trial to the Court of Criminal Appeals for review under [section 866(b)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section866/b/3&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 66(b)(3)); and
(B) a copy of the record of trial to an appellate defense counsel who shall be detailed to review the case and, upon request of the accused, to represent the accused before the Court of Criminal Appeals.
(2) **Cases eligible for direct appeal review.—**
(A) *In general.—* — If the case is eligible for direct review under [section 866(b)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section866/b/1&num=0&edition=prelim) (article 66(b)(1)), the Judge Advocate General shall, upon written request of the accused—
(i) forward a copy of the record of trial to an appellate defense counsel who shall be detailed
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Courts of Criminal Appeals.—**
(1) **In general.—** — Each Judge Advocate General shall establish a Court of Criminal Appeals which shall be composed of one or more panels, and each such panel shall be composed of not less than three appellate military judges. For the purpose of reviewing court-martial cases, the court may sit in panels or as a whole in accordance with rules prescribed under subsection (h). Any decision of a panel may be reconsidered by the court sitting as a whole in accordance with such rules. Appellate military judges who are assigned to a Court of Criminal Appeals may be commissioned officers or civilians, each of whom must be a member of a bar of a Federal court or of the highest court of a State and must be certified by the Judge Advocate General as qualified, by reason of education, training, experience, and judicial temperament, for duty as an appellate military judge. The Judge Advocate General shall designate as chief judge one of the appellate military judges of the Court of Criminal Appeals established by him. The chief judge shall determine on which panels of the court the appellate judges assigned to the court will serve and which military judge assigned to the court will act as the senior judge on each panel. In accordance with regulations prescribed by the President, assignments of appellate military judges under this section (article) shall be for appropriate minimum periods, subject to such exceptions as may be authorized in the regulations.
(2) **Additional qualifications.—** — In addition to any other qualifications specified in paragraph (1), any commissioned officer or civilian assigned as an appellate military judge to a Court of Criminal Appeals shall have not fewer than 12 years of experience in the practice of law befor
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces shall review the record in—
(1) all cases in which the sentence, as affirmed by a Court of Criminal Appeals, extends to death;
(2) all cases reviewed by a Court of Criminal Appeals which the Judge Advocate General, after appropriate notification to the other Judge Advocates General and the Staff Judge Advocate to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, orders sent to the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces for review; and
(3) all cases reviewed by a Court of Criminal Appeals in which, upon petition of the accused and on good cause shown, the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces has granted a review.
**(b)** The accused may petition the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces for review of a decision of a Court of Criminal Appeals within 60 days from the earlier of—
(1) the date on which the accused is notified of the decision of the Court of Criminal Appeals; or
(2) the date on which a copy of the decision of the Court of Criminal Appeals, after being served on appellate counsel of record for the accused (if any), is deposited in the United States mails for delivery by first-class certified mail to the accused at an address provided by the accused or, if no such address has been provided by the accused, at the latest address listed for the accused in his official service record.
The Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces shall act upon such a petition promptly in accordance with the rules of the court.
**(c)**
(1) In any case reviewed by it, the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces may act only with respect to—
(A) the findings and sentence set forth in the entry of judgment, as affirmed or set aside as incorrect in law by the Court of Criminal Appeals;
(B) a decision, judgment, or order by a military judge, a
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