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18 U.S.C. § 474 — Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or electronic images for counterfeiting obligations or securities

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 474 — Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or electronic images for counterfeiting obligations or securities

**(a)** Whoever, having control, custody, or possession of any plate, stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, from which has been printed, or which may be prepared by direction of the Secretary of the Treasury for the purpose of printing, any obligation or other security of the United States, uses such plate, stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, or knowingly suffers the same to be used for the purpose of printing any such or similar obligation or other security, or any part thereof, except as may be printed for the use of the United States by order of the proper officer thereof; orWhoever makes or executes any plate, stone, or other thing in the likeness of any plate designated for the printing of such obligation or other security; or Whoever, with intent to defraud, makes, executes, acquires, scans, captures, records, receives, transmits, reproduces, sells, or has in such person’s control, custody, or possession, an analog, digital, or electronic image of any obligation or other security of the United States; or Whoever sells any such plate, stone, or other thing, or brings into the United States any such plate, stone, or other thing, except under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury or other proper officer, or with any other intent, in either case, than that such plate, stone, or other thing be used for the printing of the obligations or other securities of the United States; or Whoever has in his control, custody, or possession any plate, stone, or other thing in any manner made after or in the similitude of any plate, stone, or other thing, from which any such obligation or other security has been printed, with intent to use such plate, stone, or other thing, or to suffer the same to be used in forging or counterfeiting any such obligation or ot

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-474-plates-stones-or-analog-digital-or-electronic-images-for-counterfeiting--21a9ce46d6.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 25, § 474; chapter-025-counterfeiting-and-forgery.md

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**(a)** Whoever, having control, custody, or possession of any plate, stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, from which has been printed, or which may be prepared by direction of the Secretary of the Treasury for the purpose of printing, any obligation or other security of the United States, uses such plate, stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, or knowingly suffers the same to be used for the purpose of printing any such or similar obligation or other security, or any part thereof, except as may be printed for the use of the United States by order of the proper officer thereof; orWhoever makes or executes any plate, stone, or other thing in the likeness of any plate designated for the printing of such obligation or other security; or Whoever, with intent to defraud, makes, executes, acquires, scans, captures, records, receives, transmits, reproduces, sells, or has in such person’s control, custody, or possession, an analog, digital, or electronic image of any obligation or other security of the United States; or Whoever sells any such plate, stone, or other thing, or brings into the United States any such plate, stone, or other thing, except under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury or other proper officer, or with any other intent, in either case, than that such plate, stone, or other thing be used for the printing of the obligations or other securities of the United States; or Whoever has in his control, custody, or possession any plate, stone, or other thing in any manner made after or in the similitude of any plate, stone, or other thing, from which any such obligation or other security has been printed, with intent to use such plate, stone, or other thing, or to suffer the same to be used in forging or counterfeiting any such obligation or other security, or any part thereof; or Whoever has in his possession or custody, except under authority from the Secretary of the Treasury or other proper officer, any obligation or other security made or executed, in whole or in part, after the similitude of any obligation or other security issued under the authority of the United States, with intent to sell or otherwise use the same; or Whoever prints, photographs, or in any other manner makes or executes any engraving, photograph, print, or impression in the likeness of any such obligation or other security, or any part thereof, or sells any such engraving, photograph, print, or impression, except to the United States, or brings into the United States, any such engraving, photograph, print, or impression, except by direction of some proper officer of the United States— Is guilty of a class B felony. **(b)** For purposes of this section, the term “analog, digital, or electronic image” includes any analog, digital, or electronic method used for the making, execution, acquisition, scanning, capturing, recording, retrieval, transmission, or reproduction of any obligation or security, unless such use is authorized by the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary shall establish a system (pursuant to section 504) to ensure that the legitimate use of such electronic methods and retention of such reproductions by businesses, hobbyists, press and others shall not be unduly restricted.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 2 — Principals

**(a)** Whoever commits an offense against the United States or aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces or procures its commission, is punishable as a principal. **(b)** Whoever willfully causes an act to be done which if directly performed by him or another would be an offense against the United States, is punishable as a principal.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 514 — Fictitious obligations

**(a)** Whoever, with the intent to defraud— (1) draws, prints, processes, produces, publishes, or otherwise makes, or attempts or causes the same, within the United States; (2) passes, utters, presents, offers, brokers, issues, sells, or attempts or causes the same, or with like intent possesses, within the United States; or (3) utilizes interstate or foreign commerce, including the use of the mails or wire, radio, or other electronic communication, to transmit, transport, ship, move, transfer, or attempts or causes the same, to, from, or through the United States, any false or fictitious instrument, document, or other item appearing, representing, purporting, or contriving through scheme or artifice, to be an actual security or other financial instrument issued under the authority of the United States, a foreign government, a State or other political subdivision of the United States, or an organization, shall be guilty of a class B felony. **(b)** For purposes of this section, any term used in this section that is defined in section 513(c) has the same meaning given such term in section 513(c). **(c)** The United States Secret Service, in addition to any other agency having such authority, shall have authority to investigate offenses under this section.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 718e — Loans and transfers, alteration, and reproduction of stamps

**(a) In general** No person to whom has been sold a Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp, validated as provided in [section 718a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section718a&num=0&edition=prelim), shall loan or transfer such stamp to any person during the period of its validity; nor shall any person other than the person validating such stamp use it for any purpose during such period. **(b) Alteration** Except as provided in clauses (i) and (ii) of section 504(l)(D) 11 So in original. Probably should be “504(1)(D)”. of title 18, no person shall alter, mutilate, imitate, or counterfeit any stamp authorized by this subchapter, or imitate or counterfeit any die, plate, or engraving therefor, or make, print, or knowingly use, sell, or have in his possession any such counterfeit, die, plate, or engraving. **(c) Reproduction** Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b), or the prohibition in [section 474 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section474&num=0&edition=prelim), or other provisions of law, the Secretary may authorize, with the concurrence of the Secretary of the Treasury, (1) the color reproduction, or (2) the black and white reproduction, of Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamps authorized by sections 718 to 718b, 718c, 718d, and 718f to 718h of this title, which otherwise satisfies the requirements of clauses (ii) and (iii) of [section 504(1) of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section504/1&num=0&edition=prelim). Any such reproduction shall be subject to those terms and conditions deemed necessary by the Secretary by regulation or otherwise and any proceeds received by the Federal Government as

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 474A — Deterrents to counterfeiting of obligations and securities

**(a)** Whoever has in his control or possession, after a distinctive paper has been adopted by the Secretary of the Treasury for the obligations and other securities of the United States, any similar paper adapted to the making of any such obligation or other security, except under the authority of the Secretary of the Treasury, is guilty of a class B felony. **(b)** Whoever has in his control or possession, after a distinctive counterfeit deterrent has been adopted by the Secretary of the Treasury for the obligations and other securities of the United States by publication in the Federal Register, any essentially identical feature or device adapted to the making of any such obligation or security, except under the authority of the Secretary of the Treasury, is guilty of a class B felony. **(c)** As used in this section— (1) the term “distinctive paper” includes any distinctive medium of which currency is made, whether of wood pulp, rag, plastic substrate, or other natural or artificial fibers or materials; and (2) the term “distinctive counterfeit deterrent” includes any ink, watermark, seal, security thread, optically variable device, or other feature or device; (A) in which the United States has an exclusive property interest; or (B) which is not otherwise in commercial use or in the public domain and which the Secretary designates as being necessary in preventing the counterfeiting of obligations or other securities of the United States.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 474 — Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or elec-

Page 118 TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE § 473 1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $5,000’’. § 473. Dealing in counterfeit obligations or secu- rities Whoever buys, sells, exchanges, transfers, re- ceives, or delivers any false, forged, counter- feited, or altered obligation or other security of the United States, with the intent that the same be passed, published, or used as true and gen- uine, shall be fined under this title or impris- oned not more than 20 years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 705; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 374(d), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 340.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 268 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 154, 35 Stat. 1117). Reference to circulating notes of banking associa- tions was omitted as covered by definition of obligation or other security in section 8 of this title. Changes in phraseology were made. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2001—Pub. L. 107–56 substituted ‘‘20 years’’ for ‘‘ten years’’. 1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $5,000’’. § 474. Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or elec- tronic images for counterfeiting obligations or securities (a) Whoever, having control, custody, or pos- session of any plate, stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, from which has been printed, or which may be prepared by direction of the Secretary of the Treasury for the purpose of printing, any obligation or other security of the United States, uses such plate, stone, or other thing, or any part thereof, or knowingly suffers the same to be used for the purpose of printing any such or si

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