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29 U.S.C. § 720 — Findings; purpose; policy
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** Congress finds that—
(1) millions of Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities and the number of Americans with such disabilities is increasing;
(2) individuals with disabilities constitute one of the most disadvantaged groups in society;
(3) disability is a natural part of the human experience and in no way diminishes the right of individuals to—
(A) live independently;
(B) enjoy self-determination;
(C) make choices;
(D) contribute to society;
(E) pursue meaningful careers; and
(F) enjoy full inclusion and integration in the economic, political, social, cultural, and educational mainstream of American society;
(4) increased employment of individuals with disabilities can be achieved through implementation of statewide workforce development systems defined in [section 3102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section3102&num=0&edition=prelim) that provide meaningful and effective participation for individuals with disabilities in workforce investment activities and activities carried out under the vocational rehabilitation program established under subchapter I, and through the provision of independent living services, support services, and meaningful opportunities for employment in integrated work settings through the provision of reasonable accommodations;
(5) individuals with disabilities continually encounter various forms of discrimination in such critical areas as employment, housing, public accommodations, education, transportation, communication, recreation, institutionalization, health services, voting, and public services;
(6) the goals of the Nation properly include the goal of providing individuals with disabilities with the tools necessary to—
(A) mak
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Source location: Title 29, Chapter 16, § 720; chapter-016-vocational-rehabilitation-and-other-rehabilitation-services.md
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**(a) Findings** Congress finds that—
(1) millions of Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities and the number of Americans with such disabilities is increasing;
(2) individuals with disabilities constitute one of the most disadvantaged groups in society;
(3) disability is a natural part of the human experience and in no way diminishes the right of individuals to—
(A) live independently;
(B) enjoy self-determination;
(C) make choices;
(D) contribute to society;
(E) pursue meaningful careers; and
(F) enjoy full inclusion and integration in the economic, political, social, cultural, and educational mainstream of American society;
(4) increased employment of individuals with disabilities can be achieved through implementation of statewide workforce development systems defined in [section 3102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section3102&num=0&edition=prelim) that provide meaningful and effective participation for individuals with disabilities in workforce investment activities and activities carried out under the vocational rehabilitation program established under subchapter I, and through the provision of independent living services, support services, and meaningful opportunities for employment in integrated work settings through the provision of reasonable accommodations;
(5) individuals with disabilities continually encounter various forms of discrimination in such critical areas as employment, housing, public accommodations, education, transportation, communication, recreation, institutionalization, health services, voting, and public services;
(6) the goals of the Nation properly include the goal of providing individuals with disabilities with the tools necessary to—
(A) make informed choices and decisions; and
(B) achieve equality of opportunity, full inclusion and integration in society, employment, independent living, and economic and social self-sufficiency, for such individuals; and
(7)
(A) a high proportion of students with disabilities is leaving secondary education without being employed in competitive integrated employment, or being enrolled in postsecondary education; and
(B) there is a substantial need to support such students as they transition from school to postsecondary life.
**(b) Purpose** The purposes of this chapter are—
(1) to empower individuals with disabilities to maximize employment, economic self-sufficiency, independence, and inclusion and integration into society, through—
(A) statewide workforce development systems defined in [section 3102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section3102&num=0&edition=prelim) that include, as integral components, comprehensive and coordinated state-of-the-art programs of vocational rehabilitation;
(B) independent living centers and services;
(C) research;
(D) training;
(E) demonstration projects; and
(F) the guarantee of equal opportunity;
(2) to maximize opportunities for individuals with disabilities, including individuals with significant disabilities, for competitive integrated employment;
(3) to ensure that the Federal Government plays a leadership role in promoting the employment of individuals with disabilities, especially individuals with significant disabilities, and in assisting States and providers of services in fulfilling the aspirations of such individuals with disabilities for meaningful and gainful employment and independent living;
(4) to increase employment opportunities and employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities, including through encouraging meaningful input by employers and vocational rehabilitation service providers on successful and prospective employment and placement strategies; and
(5) to ensure, to the greatest extent possible, that youth with disabilities and students with disabilities who are transitioning from receipt of special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ([20 U.S.C. 1400](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1400&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) and receipt of services under [section 794 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section794&num=0&edition=prelim) have opportunities for postsecondary success.
**(c) Policy** It is the policy of the United States that all programs, projects, and activities receiving assistance under this chapter shall be carried out in a manner consistent with the principles of—
(1) respect for individual dignity, personal responsibility, self-determination, and pursuit of meaningful careers, based on informed choice, of individuals with disabilities;
(2) respect for the privacy, rights, and equal access (including the use of accessible formats), of the individuals;
(3) inclusion, integration, and full participation of the individuals;
(4) support for the involvement of an individual’s representative if an individual with a disability requests, desires, or needs such support; and
(5) support for individual and systemic advocacy and community involvement.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Evaluations, parental consent, and reevaluations**
(1) **Initial evaluations**
(A) *In general* — A State educational agency, other State agency, or local educational agency shall conduct a full and individual initial evaluation in accordance with this paragraph and subsection (b), before the initial provision of special education and related services to a child with a disability under this subchapter.
(B) *Request for initial evaluation* — Consistent with subparagraph (D), either a parent of a child, or a State educational agency, other State agency, or local educational agency may initiate a request for an initial evaluation to determine if the child is a child with a disability.
(C) *Procedures*
(i) *In general* — Such initial evaluation shall consist of procedures—
(I) to determine whether a child is a child with a disability (as defined in 1401 of this title) within 60 days of receiving parental consent for the evaluation, or, if the State establishes a timeframe within which the evaluation must be conducted, within such timeframe; and
(II) to determine the educational needs of such child.
(ii) *Exception* — The relevant timeframe in clause (i)(I) shall not apply to a local educational agency if—
(I) a child enrolls in a school served by the local educational agency after the relevant timeframe in clause (i)(I) has begun and prior to a determination by the child’s previous local educational agency as to whether the child is a child with a disability (as defined in [section 1401 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1401&num=0&edition=prelim)), but only if the subsequent local educational agency is making sufficient progress to ensure a prompt completion of the evalua
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Workforce Investment Act of 1998 references** Except as otherwise specified, a reference in a Federal law to a provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 ([29 U.S.C. 2801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section2801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) shall be deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of this Act.
**(b) Wagner-Peyser Act references** Except as otherwise specified, a reference in a Federal law to a provision of the Wagner-Peyser Act ([29 U.S.C. 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section49&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) shall be deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of such Act, as amended by this Act.
**(c) Disability-related references** Except as otherwise specified, a reference in a Federal law to a provision of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ([29 U.S.C. 701](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section701&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) shall be deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of such Act, as amended by this Act.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 3102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Federal grants and contracts for certain research projects and related activities**
(1) To the extent consistent with priorities established in the 5-year plan described in [section 762(h) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section762/h&num=0&edition=prelim), the Director may make grants to and contracts with States and public or private agencies and organizations, including institutions of higher education, Indian tribes, and tribal organizations, to fund part of the cost of projects for the purpose of planning and conducting research, demonstration projects, training, and related activities, the purposes of which are to develop methods, procedures, and rehabilitation technology, that have practical applications and maximize the full inclusion and integration into society, employment, education, independent living, health and wellness, family support, and economic and social self-sufficiency of individuals with disabilities, especially individuals with the most significant disabilities, and improve the effectiveness of services authorized under this chapter.
(2)
(A) In carrying out this section, the Director shall emphasize projects that support the implementation of subchapters I, III, V, VI, and VII, including projects addressing the needs described in the State plans submitted under section 721 or 796c of this title by State agencies and from which the research findings, conclusions, or recommendations can be transferred to practice.
(B) Such projects, as described in the State plans submitted by State agencies, may include—
(i) medical and other scientific, technical, methodological, and other investigations into the nature of disability, methods of analyzing it, and restorative techniques, includi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 793
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Gallaudet University** The Gallaudet College created by an Act entitled “An Act to amend the charter of the Columbia Institution for the Deaf, change its name, define its corporate powers, and provide for its organization and administration, and for other purposes”, approved June 18, 1954, is continued as a body corporate under the name of Gallaudet University. On and after August 4, 1986, Gallaudet College shall be known as Gallaudet University and have perpetual succession and shall have the powers and be subject to the limitations contained in this chapter.
**(b) Purpose** The purpose of Gallaudet University shall be to provide education and training to individuals who are deaf and otherwise to further the education of individuals who are deaf.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 4301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Except as provided in subsection (b), and notwithstanding any other provision of law—
(1) any funds appropriated for a fiscal year to carry out any grant program under part B of subchapter I, [section 794e of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section794e&num=0&edition=prelim) (except as provided in [section 794e(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section794e/b&num=0&edition=prelim)), subchapter VI, subpart 2 or 3 of part A of subchapter VII, or part B of subchapter VII (except as provided in [section 796k(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section796k/b&num=0&edition=prelim)), including any funds reallotted under any such grant program, that are not obligated and expended by recipients prior to the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year; or
(2) any amounts of program income, including reimbursement payments under the Social Security Act ([42 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), received by recipients under any grant program specified in paragraph (1) that are not obligated and expended by recipients prior to the beginning of the fiscal year succeeding the fiscal year in which such amounts were received,
shall remain available for obligation and expenditure by such recipients during such succeeding fiscal year.
**(b) Non-Federal share** Such funds shall remain available for obligation and expenditure by a recipient as provided in subsection (a) only to the extent that the recipient complied with any Federal share requirements applicable to the program for the fiscal year for which the funds were appropriated.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 751
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general**
(1) **States**
(A) *Population basis* — After the reservation required by [section 796e–0 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section796e-0&num=0&edition=prelim) is made, and except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), from the remainder of the sums appropriated for each fiscal year to carry out this subpart, the Administrator shall make an allotment to each State whose State plan has been approved under [section 796d–1 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section796d-1&num=0&edition=prelim) of an amount bearing the same ratio to such sums as the population of the State bears to the population of all States.
(B) *Maintenance of 1992 amounts* — Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this subpart, the amount of any allotment made under subparagraph (A) to a State for a fiscal year shall not be less than the amount of an allotment made to the State for fiscal year 1992 under part A of this subchapter, as in effect on the day before October 29, 1992.
(C) *Minimums* — Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this subpart, and except as provided in subparagraph (B), the allotment to any State under subparagraph (A) shall be not less than $275,000 or ⅓ of 1 percent of the sums made available for the fiscal year for which the allotment is made, whichever is greater, and the allotment of any State under this section for any fiscal year that is less than $275,000 or ⅓ of 1 percent of such sums shall be increased to the greater of the two amounts.
(2) **Certain territories**
(A) *In general* — For the purposes of paragraph (1)(C), Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 702
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Program authorized**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary, on a competitive basis, shall award grants to, and enter into contracts and cooperative agreements with, eligible entities to support activities described in subsections (b) and (c).
(2) **Definition of eligible entity** — In this section, the term “eligible entity” has the meaning given the term in [section 1461(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1461/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Technology development, demonstration, and use**
(1) **In general** — In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall support activities to promote the development, demonstration, and use of technology.
(2) **Authorized activities** — The following activities may be carried out under this subsection:
(A) Conducting research on and promoting the demonstration and use of innovative, emerging, and universally designed technologies for children with disabilities, by improving the transfer of technology from research and development to practice.
(B) Supporting research, development, and dissemination of technology with universal design features, so that the technology is accessible to the broadest range of individuals with disabilities without further modification or adaptation.
(C) Demonstrating the use of systems to provide parents and teachers with information and training concerning early diagnosis of, intervention for, and effective teaching strategies for, young children with reading disabilities.
(D) Supporting the use of Internet-based communications for students with cognitive disabilities in order to maximize their academic and functional skills.
**(c) Educational media services**
(1) **In general** — In carrying out this section, the Secretary s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 1475
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General provision**
(1) A State shall not be immune under the Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution of the United States from suit in Federal court for a violation of section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 [[29 U.S.C. 794](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section794&num=0&edition=prelim)], title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 [[20 U.S.C. 1681](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1681&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the Age Discrimination Act of 1975 [[42 U.S.C. 6101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section6101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [[42 U.S.C. 2000d](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2000d&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], or the provisions of any other Federal statute prohibiting discrimination by recipients of Federal financial assistance.
(2) In a suit against a State for a violation of a statute referred to in paragraph (1), remedies (including remedies both at law and in equity) are available for such a violation to the same extent as such remedies are available for such a violation in the suit against any public or private entity other than a State.
**(b) Effective date** The provisions of subsection (a) shall take effect with respect to violations that occur in whole or in part after October 21, 1986.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 2000d–7
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization** For the purposes of providing blind persons with remunerative employment, enlarging the economic opportunities of the blind, and stimulating the blind to greater efforts in striving to make themselves self-supporting, blind persons licensed under the provisions of this chapter shall be authorized to operate vending facilities on any Federal property.
**(b) Preferences regulations; justification for limitation on operation** In authorizing the operation of vending facilities on Federal property, priority shall be given to blind persons licensed by a State agency as provided in this chapter; and the Secretary, through the Commissioner, shall, after consultation with the Administrator of General Services and other heads of departments, agencies, or instrumentalities of the United States in control of the maintenance, operation, and protection of Federal property, prescribe regulations designed to assure that—
(1) the priority under this subsection is given to such licensed blind persons (including assignment of vending machine income pursuant to [section 107d–3 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section107d-3&num=0&edition=prelim) to achieve and protect such priority), and
(2) wherever feasible, one or more vending facilities are established on all Federal property to the extent that any such facility or facilities would not adversely affect the interests of the United States.
Any limitation on the placement or operation of a vending facility based on a finding that such placement or operation would adversely affect the interests of the United States shall be fully justified in writing to the Secretary, who shall determine whether such limitation is justified. A determination made by the Secretary pu
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 107
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall establish in the Department of Health and Human Services a Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Advisory Council (referred to in this section as the “Council”) composed of not less than 12 members appointed by the Secretary.
**(b) Duties** The Council shall advise the Director with respect to research priorities and the development and revision of the 5-year plan required by [section 762(h) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section762/h&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Qualifications** Members of the Council shall be generally representative of the community of disability, independent living, and rehabilitation professionals, the community of disability, independent living, and rehabilitation researchers, the directors of independent living centers and community rehabilitation programs, the business community (including a representative of the small business community) that has experience with the system of vocational rehabilitation services and independent living services carried out under this chapter and with hiring individuals with disabilities, the community of stakeholders involved in assistive technology, the community of covered school professionals, and the community of individuals with disabilities, and the individuals’ representatives. At least one-half of the members shall be individuals with disabilities or the individuals’ representatives.
**(d) Terms of appointment**
(1) **Length of term** — Each member of the Council shall serve for a term of up to 3 years, determined by the Secretary, except that—
(A) a member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for whic
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 794
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