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22 U.S.C. § 2509 — Presidential powers and authorities
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Contract authority; assignment of volunteers; acceptance of voluntary services and gifts and transfers of property; personal service contracts** In furtherance of the purposes of this chapter, the President may—
(1) enter into, perform, and modify contracts and agreements and otherwise cooperate with any agency of the United States Government or of any State or any subdivision thereof, other governments and departments and agencies thereof, and educational institutions, voluntary agencies, farm organizations, labor unions, and other organizations, individuals and firms;
(2) assign volunteers in special cases to temporary duty with international organizations and agencies when the Secretary of State determines that such assignment would serve the purposes of this chapter;
(3) assign volunteers to duty or otherwise make them available to any entity referred to in paragraph (1), in order to assist such organizations and agencies in providing development or other relief assistance to displaced persons and refugees in any country, if the government of the country agrees to such assignment;
(4) accept in the name of the Peace Corps and employ or transfer in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter (A) voluntary services notwithstanding the provisions of [section 1342 of title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1342&num=0&edition=prelim), and (B) any money or property (real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible) received by gift, devise, bequest, or otherwise; and
(5) contract with individuals for personal services abroad, and with aliens (abroad or within the United States) for personal services within the United States: Provided, That no such person shall be deemed an officer or employee or otherwise in the serv
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2509-presidential-powers-and-authorities--70ae7eba85.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 34, § 2509; chapter-034-the-peace-corps.md
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**(a) Contract authority; assignment of volunteers; acceptance of voluntary services and gifts and transfers of property; personal service contracts** In furtherance of the purposes of this chapter, the President may—
(1) enter into, perform, and modify contracts and agreements and otherwise cooperate with any agency of the United States Government or of any State or any subdivision thereof, other governments and departments and agencies thereof, and educational institutions, voluntary agencies, farm organizations, labor unions, and other organizations, individuals and firms;
(2) assign volunteers in special cases to temporary duty with international organizations and agencies when the Secretary of State determines that such assignment would serve the purposes of this chapter;
(3) assign volunteers to duty or otherwise make them available to any entity referred to in paragraph (1), in order to assist such organizations and agencies in providing development or other relief assistance to displaced persons and refugees in any country, if the government of the country agrees to such assignment;
(4) accept in the name of the Peace Corps and employ or transfer in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter (A) voluntary services notwithstanding the provisions of [section 1342 of title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1342&num=0&edition=prelim), and (B) any money or property (real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible) received by gift, devise, bequest, or otherwise; and
(5) contract with individuals for personal services abroad, and with aliens (abroad or within the United States) for personal services within the United States: Provided, That no such person shall be deemed an officer or employee or otherwise in the service or employment of the United States Government for the purposes of any law administered by the Office of Personnel Management (except that the President may determine the applicability to such individuals of provisions of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 ([22 U.S.C. 3901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.)).
**(b) Claim settlements** Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever the President determines that it will further the purposes of this chapter, the President, under such regulations as he may prescribe, may settle and pay, in an amount not exceeding $20,000, any claim against the United States, for loss of or damage to real or personal property (including loss of occupancy or use thereof) belonging to, or for personal injury or death of, any person not a citizen or resident of the United States, where such claim arises abroad out of the act or omission of any Peace Corps employee or out of the act or omission of any volunteer, but only if such claim is presented in writing within one year after it accrues. Any amount paid in settlement of any claim under this subsection shall be accepted by the claimant in full satisfaction thereof and shall bar any further action or proceeding thereon.
**(c) Five-year contract authority** Subject to any future action of the Congress, a contract or agreement which entails commitments for the expenditure of funds available for the purposes of this chapter, including commitments for the purpose of paying or providing for allowances and other benefits of volunteers authorized by sections 2504 and 2505 of this title, may extend at any time for not more than five years.
**(d) Waiver of certain Federal laws** Whenever the President determines it to be in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter, functions authorized by this chapter may be performed without regard to such provisions of law (other than sections 3101(a) and (c), 3104, 3106, 3301(b)(2), and 6101 of title 41, and the Renegotiation Act of 1951, as amended) regulating the making, performance, amendment, or modification of contracts and the expenditure of Government funds as the President may specify.
**(e) Allocation of funds** The President may allocate or transfer to any agency of the United States Government any funds available for carrying out the purposes of this chapter including any advance received by the United States from any country or international organization under authority of this chapter, but not to exceed 20 per centum in the aggregate of such funds may be allocated or transferred to agencies other than the Peace Corps. Such funds shall be available for obligation and expenditure for the purposes of this chapter in accordance with authority granted in this chapter or under authority governing the activities of the agencies of the United States Government to which such funds are allocated or transferred.
**(f) Utilization of other Government agency services and facilities** Any officer of the United States Government carrying out functions under this chapter may utilize the services and facilities of, or procure commodities from, any agency of the United States Government as the President shall direct, or with the consent of the head of such agency, and funds allocated pursuant to this subsection to any such agency may be established in separate appropriation accounts on the books of the Treasury.
**(g) Reimbursement for commodities, services, and facilities** In the case of any commodity, service, or facility procured from any agency of the United States Government under this chapter, reimbursement or payment shall be made to such agency from funds available under this chapter. Such reimbursement or payment shall be at replacement cost, or, if required by law, at actual cost, or at any other price authorized by law and agreed to by the owning or disposing agency. The amount of any such reimbursement or payment shall be credited to current applicable appropriations, funds, or accounts from which there may be procured replacements of similar commodities, services, or facilities, except that where such appropriations, funds, or accounts are not reimbursable except by reason of this subsection, and when the owning or disposing agency determines that such replacement is not necessary, any funds received in payment therefor shall be covered into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.
**(h) Hospitalization and medical treatment for Foreign Service local employees** The President may provide hospitalization and medical treatment to Foreign Service local employees who are within the United States for training related to their employment under this chapter, for illnesses, injuries, or conditions other than those arising out of and in the course of employment, which, in the judgment of the President, began during such employee’s travel related to such training or so near to the beginning of such travel that the onset of the illness, injury, or condition could not have been known, and for which immediate medical treatment or hospitalization is reasonably required.
**(i) Procurement of legal services** The Director of the Peace Corps shall have the same authority as is available to the Secretary of State under [section 2698(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2698/a&num=0&edition=prelim). For purposes of this subsection, the reference in such [section 2698(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2698/a&num=0&edition=prelim) to a principal officer of the Foreign Service shall be deemed to be a reference to a Peace Corps representative and the reference in such section to a member of the Foreign Service shall be deemed to be a reference to a person employed, appointed, or assigned under this chapter.
**(j) Malpractice protection** The provisions of [section 2702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2702&num=0&edition=prelim) shall apply to volunteers and persons employed, appointed, or assigned under this chapter, and to individuals employed under personal services contracts to furnish medical services abroad pursuant to subsection (a)(5) of this section..11 So in original. For purposes of this subsection, references to the Secretary in subsection (b) of such section shall be deemed to be references to the Director of the Peace Corps, references to the Secretary in subsection (f) of such section shall be deemed to be references to the President, and the reference in subsection (g) of such section to a principal representative of the United States shall be deemed to be a reference to a Peace Corps representative.
**(k) Opening or closing overseas offices and country programs**
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Director of the Peace Corps may not open, close, significantly reduce, or suspend a domestic or overseas office or country program unless the Director has notified and consulted with the appropriate congressional committees at least 15 days in advance.
(2) The Director of the Peace Corps may waive the application of paragraph (1) for a period of not more than 5 days after an action described in such paragraph if the Director determines such action is necessary to ameliorate a substantial security risk to Peace Corps volunteers or other Peace Corps personnel.
(3) For the purposes of this subsection, the term “appropriate congressional committees” means—
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress finds that—
(1) a career foreign service, characterized by excellence and professionalism, is essential in the national interest to assist the President and the Secretary of State in conducting the foreign affairs of the United States;
(2) the scope and complexity of the foreign affairs of the Nation have heightened the need for a professional foreign service that will serve the foreign affairs interests of the United States in an integrated fashion and that can provide a resource of qualified personnel for the President, the Secretary of State, and the agencies concerned with foreign affairs;
(3) the Foreign Service of the United States, established under the Act of May 24, 1924 (commonly known as the Rogers Act) and continued by the Foreign Service Act of 1946, must be preserved, strengthened, and improved in order to carry out its mission effectively in response to the complex challenges of modern diplomacy and international relations;
(4) the members of the Foreign Service should be representative of the American people, aware of the principles and history of the United States and informed of current concerns and trends in American life, knowledgeable of the affairs, cultures, and languages of other countries, and available to serve in assignments throughout the world; and
(5) the Foreign Service should be operated on the basis of merit principles.
**(b)** The objective of this chapter is to strengthen and improve the Foreign Service of the United States by—
(1) assuring, in accordance with merit principles, admission through impartial and rigorous examination, acquisition of career status only by those who have demonstrated their fitness through successful completion of probationary assignments, effective career development, advancement
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 3901
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government may not accept voluntary services for either government or employ personal services exceeding that authorized by law except for emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property. This section does not apply to a corporation getting amounts to make loans (except paid in capital amounts) without legal liability of the United States Government. As used in this section, the term “emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property” does not include ongoing, regular functions of government the suspension of which would not imminently threaten the safety of human life or the protection of property.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 1342
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Contracts and expenditure of funds** Whenever the President determines it to be in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter, the functions authorized under this chapter may be performed without regard to such provisions of law (other than the Renegotiation Act of 1951, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 1211 et seq.)),11 See References in Text note below. regulating the making, performance, amendment, or modification of contracts and the expenditure of funds of the United States Government as the President may specify.
**(b) Neutrality laws** The functions authorized under subchapter II of this chapter may be performed without regard to such provisions as the President may specify of subchapter II of chapter 9 of this title.
**(c) Assignment of personnel** Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 3544(b) and 8544(b) 1 of title 10, personnel of the Department of Defense may be assigned or detailed to any civil office to carry out this chapter.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2393
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Exclusiveness of designated remedies** The remedy—
(1) against the United States provided by sections 1346(b) and 2672 of title 28, or
(2) through proceedings for compensation or other benefits from the United States as provided by any other law, where the availability of such benefits precludes a remedy under such sections,
for damages for personal injury, including death, allegedly arising from malpractice or negligence of a physician, dentist, nurse, pharmacist, or paramedical (including medical and dental assistants and technicians, nursing assistants, and therapists) or other supporting personnel of the Department of State in furnishing medical care or related services, including the conducting of clinical studies or investigations, while in the exercise of his or her duties in or for the Department of State or any other Federal department, agency, or instrumentality shall be exclusive of any other civil action or proceeding by reason of the same subject matter against such physician, dentist, nurse, pharmacist, or paramedical or other supporting personnel (or his or her estate) whose act or omission gave rise to such claim.
**(b) Defense of civil actions by United States; delivery of process; furnishing of copies of pleadings** The United States Government shall defend any civil action or proceeding brought in any court against any person referred to in subsection (a) of this section (or his or her estate) for any such damage or injury. Any such person against whom such civil action or proceeding is brought shall deliver, within such time after date of service or knowledge of service as may be determined by the Attorney General, all process served upon him or her or an attested true copy thereof to whomever was designated by the Secretary to receive such
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2702
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress of the United States declares that it is the policy of the United States and the purpose of this chapter to promote world peace and friendship through a Peace Corps, which shall make available to interested countries and areas men and women of the United States qualified for service abroad and willing to serve, under conditions of hardship if necessary, to help the peoples of such countries and areas in meeting their needs for trained manpower, particularly in meeting the basic needs of those living in the poorest areas of such countries, and to help promote a better understanding of the American people on the part of the peoples served and a better understanding of other peoples on the part of the American people.
**(b)** The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States and a purpose of the Peace Corps to maintain, to the maximum extent appropriate and consistent with programmatic and fiscal considerations, a volunteer corps of at least 10,000 individuals.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2501
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1010
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2509
(§ 1221 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 12 of Title 8,
Aliens and Nationality. For complete classification of
this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under
section 1101 of Title 8 and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1996—Pub. L. 104–208 substituted ‘‘removed pursuant
to chapter 4 of title II of the Immigration and Nation-
ality Act’’ for ‘‘deported pursuant to sections 1251, 1252,
and 1253 of title 8. Deportation’’.
1981—Pub. L. 97–113 substituted reference to section
‘‘2509(a)(5)’’ for ‘‘2509(a)(4)’’ of this title.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 104–208 effective, with certain
transitional provisions, on the first day of the first
month beginning more than 180 days after Sept. 30,
1996, see section 309 of Pub. L. 104–208, set out as a note
under section 1101 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.
ABOLITION OF IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION
SERVICE AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
For abolition of Immigration and Naturalization
Service, transfer of functions, and treatment of related
references, see note set out under section 1551 of Title
8, Aliens and Nationality.
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions of President under this section delegated
to Director of Peace Corps by section 1–103 of Ex. Ord.
No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44 F.R. 29023, eff. May 16, 1979,
set out as a note under section 2501 of this title.
§ 2509. Presidential powers and authorities
(a) Contract authority; assignment of volunteers;
acceptance of voluntary services and gifts
and transfers of property; personal service
contracts
In furtherance of the purposes of this chapter,
the President may—
(1) enter into, perform, and modify contracts
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2509
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1420
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 3901
New
Old
4191–4215 ........................................
1171–1195
4216 ...............................................
1197
4217 ...............................................
1198
4218–4222 ........................................
1200–1204
4223 ...............................................
99
4224–4226 ........................................
812–814
Executive Documents
FOREIGN COMMERCIAL SERVICE
For authority of Secretary of Commerce to establish
a Foreign Commercial Service in Department of Com-
merce, see section 1–104 of Ex. Ord. No. 12188, Jan. 2,
1980, 45 F.R. 991, as amended, set out as a note under
section 2171 of Title 19, Customs Duties.
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 3901. Congressional findings and objectives
(a) The Congress finds that—
(1) a career foreign service, characterized by
excellence and professionalism, is essential in
the national interest to assist the President
and the Secretary of State in conducting the
foreign affairs of the United States;
(2) the scope and complexity of the foreign
affairs of the Nation have heightened the need
for a professional foreign service that will
serve the foreign affairs interests of the
United States in an integrated fashion and
that can provide a resource of qualified per-
sonnel for the President, the Secretary of
State, and the agencies concerned with foreign
affairs;
(3) the Foreign Service of the United States,
established under the Act of May 24, 1924 (com-
monly known as the Rogers Act) and contin-
ued by the Foreign Service Act of 1946, must
be preserved, strengthened, and improved in
order to carry out its mission effectively in re-
sponse to the complex challenges of modern
diplomacy and international relat
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 3901
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