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7 U.S.C. § 2131 — Congressional statement of policy
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds that animals and activities which are regulated under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign commerce or substantially affect such commerce or the free flow thereof, and that regulation of animals and activities as provided in this chapter is necessary to prevent and eliminate burdens upon such commerce and to effectively regulate such commerce, in order—
(1) to insure that animals intended for use in research facilities or for exhibition purposes or for use as pets are provided humane care and treatment;
(2) to assure the humane treatment of animals during transportation in commerce; and
(3) to protect the owners of animals from the theft of their animals by preventing the sale or use of animals which have been stolen.
The Congress further finds that it is essential to regulate, as provided in this chapter, the transportation, purchase, sale, housing, care, handling, and treatment of animals by carriers or by persons or organizations engaged in using them for research or experimental purposes or for exhibition purposes or holding them for sale as pets or for any such purpose or use.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_e7fbe75a22b76b45c3f35d01
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-2131-congressional-statement-of-policy--b5fb2ccdb7.md
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Source location: Title 7, Chapter 54, § 2131; chapter-054-transportation-sale-and-handling-of-certain-animals.md
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The Congress finds that animals and activities which are regulated under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign commerce or substantially affect such commerce or the free flow thereof, and that regulation of animals and activities as provided in this chapter is necessary to prevent and eliminate burdens upon such commerce and to effectively regulate such commerce, in order—
(1) to insure that animals intended for use in research facilities or for exhibition purposes or for use as pets are provided humane care and treatment;
(2) to assure the humane treatment of animals during transportation in commerce; and
(3) to protect the owners of animals from the theft of their animals by preventing the sale or use of animals which have been stolen.
The Congress further finds that it is essential to regulate, as provided in this chapter, the transportation, purchase, sale, housing, care, handling, and treatment of animals by carriers or by persons or organizations engaged in using them for research or experimental purposes or for exhibition purposes or holding them for sale as pets or for any such purpose or use.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Sponsoring or exhibiting an animal in, attending, or causing an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend, an animal fighting venture**
(1) **Sponsoring or exhibiting** — It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sponsor or exhibit an animal in an animal fighting venture.
(2) **Attending or causing an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend** — It shall be unlawful for any person to—
(A) knowingly attend an animal fighting venture; or
(B) knowingly cause an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend an animal fighting venture.
**(b) Buying, selling, delivering, possessing, training, or transporting animals for participation in animal fighting venture** It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sell, buy, possess, train, transport, deliver, or receive any animal for purposes of having the animal participate in an animal fighting venture.
**(c) Use of Postal Service or other interstate instrumentality for promoting or furthering animal fighting venture** It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly use the mail service of the United States Postal Service or any instrumentality of interstate commerce for commercial speech for purposes of advertising an animal, or an instrument described in subsection (d), for use in an animal fighting venture, promoting 11 So in original. Probably should be preceded by “or”. or in any other manner furthering an animal fighting venture except as performed outside the limits of the States of the United States.
**(d) Buying, selling, delivering, or transporting sharp instruments for use in animal fighting venture** It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sell, buy, transport, or deliver in interstate or foreign commerce a knife, a gaff, or any other sharp i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2156
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Release of confidential information prohibited** It shall be unlawful for any member of an Institutional Animal Committee to release any confidential information of the research facility including any information that concerns or relates to—
(1) the trade secrets, processes, operations, style of work, or apparatus; or
(2) the identity, confidential statistical data, amount or source of any income, profits, losses, or expenditures,
of the research facility.
**(b) Wrongful use of confidential information prohibited** It shall be unlawful for any member of such Committee—
(1) to use or attempt to use to his advantages; or
(2) to reveal to any other person,
any information which is entitled to protection as confidential information under subsection (a).
**(c) Penalties** A violation of subsection (a) or (b) is punishable by—
(1) removal from such Committee; and
(2)
(A) a fine of not more than $1,000 and imprisonment of not more than one year; or
(B) if such violation is willful, a fine of not more than $10,000 and imprisonment of not more than three years.
**(d) Recovery of damages by injured person; costs; attorney’s fee** Any person, including any research facility, injured in its business or property by reason of a violation of this section may recover all actual and consequential damages sustained by such person and the cost of the suit including a reasonable attorney’s fee.
**(e) Other rights and remedies** Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect any other rights of a person injured in its business or property by reason of a violation of this section. Subsection (d) shall not be construed to limit the exercise of any such rights arising out of or relating to a violation of subsections (a) and (b).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2157
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 89–544, § 20, Aug. 24, 1966, 80 Stat. 353; Pub. L. 91–579, § 21, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1565, provided for issuance of cease and desist orders if Secretary had reason to believe that any research facility had violated any provision of this chapter, provided for a civil penalty, and provided appeal mechanism by which aggrieved person may have judicial review of such final order by Secretary. See [section 2149 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2149&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2150
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Matter the deposit of which in the mails is punishable under section 1302, 1341, 1342, 1461, 1463, 1715, 1716, 1717, or 1738 11 See References in Text note below. of title 18, or section 26 of the Animal Welfare Act is nonmailable.
**(b)** Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, nonmailable matter which reaches the office of delivery, or which may be seized or detained for violation of law, shall be disposed of as the Postal Service shall direct.
**(c)**
(1) Matter which—
(A) exceeds the size and weight limits prescribed for the particular class of mail; or
(B) is of a character perishable within the period required for transportation and delivery;
is nonmailable.
(2) Matter made nonmailable by this subsection which reaches the office of destination may be delivered in accordance with its address, if the party addressed furnishes the name and address of the sender.
**(d)** Matter otherwise legally acceptable in the mails which—
(1) is in the form of, and reasonably could be interpreted or construed as, a bill, invoice, or statement of account due; but
(2) constitutes, in fact, a solicitation for the order by the addressee of goods or services, or both;
is nonmailable matter, shall not be carried or delivered by mail, and shall be disposed of as the Postal Service directs, unless such matter bears on its face, in conspicuous and legible type in contrast by typography, layout, or color with other printing on its face, in accordance with regulations which the Postal Service shall prescribe—
(A) the following notice: “This is a solicitation for the order of goods or services, or both, and not a bill, invoice, or statement of account due. You are under no obligation to make any payments on account of this offer unless you accept this off
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 39 U.S.C. § 3001
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Importer** — The term “importer” means any person who, for purposes of resale, transports into the United States puppies from a foreign country.
(2) **Resale** — The term “resale” includes any transfer of ownership or control of an imported dog of less than 6 months of age to another person, for more than de minimis consideration.
**(b) Requirements**
(1) **In general** — Except as provided in paragraph (2), no person shall import a dog into the United States for purposes of resale unless, as determined by the Secretary, the dog—
(A) is in good health;
(B) has received all necessary vaccinations; and
(C) is at least 6 months of age, if imported for resale.
(2) **Exception**
(A) *In general* — The Secretary, by regulation, shall provide an exception to any requirement under paragraph (1) in any case in which a dog is imported for—
(i) research purposes; or
(ii) veterinary treatment.
(B) *Lawful importation into Hawaii* — Paragraph (1)(C) shall not apply to the lawful importation of a dog into the State of Hawaii from the British Isles, Australia, Guam, or New Zealand in compliance with the applicable regulations of the State of Hawaii and the other requirements of this section, if the dog is not transported out of the State of Hawaii for purposes of resale at less than 6 months of age.
**(c) Implementation and regulations** The Secretary, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall promulgate such regulations as the Secretaries determine to be necessary to implement and enforce this section.
**(d) Enforcement** An importer that fails to comply with this section shall—
(1) be subject to penalties under [section 2149 of this ti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2148
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section, Pub. L. 89–544, § 25, as added Pub. L. 91–579, § 22, Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1565; amended Pub. L. 94–279, § 16, Apr. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 421; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1012(a), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 711, which required the Secretary of Agriculture to submit an annual report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives on licensing, investigation, inspection, and other activity related to carrying out this chapter, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under [section 1113 of Title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1113&num=0&edition=prelim), Money and Finance. See, also, page 44 of House Document No. 103–7.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2155
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Issuance** The Secretary may issue permits which authorize the taking or importation of any marine mammal. Permits for the incidental taking of marine mammals in the course of commercial fishing operations may only be issued as specifically provided for in sections 11 So in original. Probably should be “section”. 1371(a)(5) or 1416 of this title, or subsection (h) of this section.
**(b) Requisite provisions** Any permit issued under this section shall—
(1) be consistent with any applicable regulation established by the Secretary under [section 1373 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1373&num=0&edition=prelim), and
(2) specify—
(A) the number and kind of animals which are authorized to be taken or imported,
(B) the location and manner (which manner must be determined by the Secretary to be humane) in which they may be taken, or from which they may be imported,
(C) the period during which the permit is valid, and
(D) any other terms or conditions which the Secretary deems appropriate.
In any case in which an application for a permit cites as a reason for the proposed taking the overpopulation of a particular species or population stock, the Secretary shall first consider whether or not it would be more desirable to transplant a number of animals (but not to exceed the number requested for taking in the application) of that species or stock to a location not then inhabited by such species or stock but previously inhabited by such species or stock.
**(c) Importation for scientific research, public display, or enhancing survival or recovery of species or stock**
(1) Any permit issued by the Secretary which authorizes the taking or importation of a marine mammal for purposes of scientific research,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1374
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
There is a Secretary of Veterans Affairs, who is the head of the Department and is appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Secretary is responsible for the proper execution and administration of all laws administered by the Department and for the control, direction, and management of the Department.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 38 U.S.C. § 303
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary shall provide for the establishment and operation in accordance with this section of a system to provide for the lifetime care of chimpanzees that have been used, or were bred or purchased for use, in research conducted or supported by the National Institutes of Health, the Food and Drug Administration, or other agencies of the Federal Government, and with respect to which it has been determined by the Secretary that the chimpanzees are not needed for such research (in this section referred to as “surplus chimpanzees”).
**(b) Administration of sanctuary system** The Secretary shall carry out this section, including the establishment of regulations under subsection (d), in consultation with the board of directors of the nonprofit private entity that receives the contract under subsection (e) (relating to the operation of the sanctuary system).
**(c) Acceptance of chimpanzees into system** All surplus chimpanzees owned by the Federal Government shall be accepted into the sanctuary system. Subject to standards under subsection (d)(4), any chimpanzee that is not owned by the Federal Government can be accepted into the system if the owner transfers to the sanctuary system title to the chimpanzee.
**(d) Standards for permanent retirement of surplus chimpanzees**
(1) **In general** — Not later than 180 days after December 20, 2000, the Secretary shall by regulation establish standards for operating the sanctuary system to provide for the permanent retirement of surplus chimpanzees. In establishing the standards, the Secretary shall consider the recommendations of the board of directors of the nonprofit private entity that receives the contract under subsection (e), and shall consider the recommendations of the National Research Council appl
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 283m
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
**(a)** The term “person” includes any individual, partnership, firm, joint stock company, corporation, association, trust, estate, or other legal entity.
**(b)** The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States or his representative who shall be an employee of the United States Department of Agriculture.
**(c)** The term “commerce” means trade, traffic, transportation, or other commerce—
(1) between a place in a State and any place outside of such State, or between points within the same State but through any place outside thereof, or within any territory, possession, or the District of Columbia;
(2) which affects trade, traffic, transportation, or other commerce described in paragraph (1).
**(d)** The term “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, or any other territory or possession of the United States.
**(e)** The term “research facility” means any school (except an elementary or secondary school), institution, organization, or person that uses or intends to use live animals in research, tests, or experiments, and that (1) purchases or transports live animals in commerce, or (2) receives funds under a grant, award, loan, or contract from a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States for the purpose of carrying out research, tests, or experiments: Provided, That the Secretary may exempt, by regulation, any such school, institution, organization, or person that does not use or intend to use live dogs or cats, except those schools, institutions, organizations, or persons, which use substantial numbers (as determined by the Secretary) of live animals the principal function of which schools, institutio
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2132
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