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52 U.S.C. § 20501 — Findings and purposes
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds that—
(1) the right of citizens of the United States to vote is a fundamental right;
(2) it is the duty of the Federal, State, and local governments to promote the exercise of that right; and
(3) discriminatory and unfair registration laws and procedures can have a direct and damaging effect on voter participation in elections for Federal office and disproportionately harm voter participation by various groups, including racial minorities.
**(b) Purposes** The purposes of this chapter are—
(1) to establish procedures that will increase the number of eligible citizens who register to vote in elections for Federal office;
(2) to make it possible for Federal, State, and local governments to implement this chapter in a manner that enhances the participation of eligible citizens as voters in elections for Federal office;
(3) to protect the integrity of the electoral process; and
(4) to ensure that accurate and current voter registration rolls are maintained.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_df44c4b0d3ba4f04c106ae47
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-52/section-20501-findings-and-purposes--22cf6953b8.md
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Source location: Title 52, Chapter 205, § 20501; chapter-205-national-voter-registration.md
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**(a) Findings** The Congress finds that—
(1) the right of citizens of the United States to vote is a fundamental right;
(2) it is the duty of the Federal, State, and local governments to promote the exercise of that right; and
(3) discriminatory and unfair registration laws and procedures can have a direct and damaging effect on voter participation in elections for Federal office and disproportionately harm voter participation by various groups, including racial minorities.
**(b) Purposes** The purposes of this chapter are—
(1) to establish procedures that will increase the number of eligible citizens who register to vote in elections for Federal office;
(2) to make it possible for Federal, State, and local governments to implement this chapter in a manner that enhances the participation of eligible citizens as voters in elections for Federal office;
(3) to protect the integrity of the electoral process; and
(4) to ensure that accurate and current voter registration rolls are maintained.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section 1973gg was editorially reclassified as [section 20501 of Title 52](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title52-section20501&num=0&edition=prelim), Voting and Elections.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 1973gg
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Except as provided in subsection (b), the time for holding elections in any State, District, or Territory for a Representative or Delegate to fill a vacancy, whether such vacancy is caused by a failure to elect at the time prescribed by law, or by the death, resignation, or incapacity of a person elected, may be prescribed by the laws of the several States and Territories respectively.
**(b) Special rules in extraordinary circumstances**
(1) **In general** — In extraordinary circumstances, the executive authority of any State in which a vacancy exists in its representation in the House of Representatives shall issue a writ of election to fill such vacancy by special election.
(2) **Timing of special election** — A special election held under this subsection to fill a vacancy shall take place not later than 49 days after the Speaker of the House of Representatives announces that the vacancy exists, unless, during the 75-day period which begins on the date of the announcement of the vacancy—
(A) a regularly scheduled general election for the office involved is to be held; or
(B) another special election for the office involved is to be held, pursuant to a writ for a special election issued by the chief executive of the State prior to the date of the announcement of the vacancy.
(3) **Nominations by parties** — If a special election is to be held under this subsection, the determination of the candidates who will run in such election shall be made—
(A) by nominations made not later than 10 days after the Speaker announces that the vacancy exists by the political parties of the State that are authorized by State law to nominate candidates for the election; or
(B) by any other method the State considers appropriate, including holding primar
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 2 U.S.C. § 8
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** There are appropriated to the Postal Service all revenues received by the Postal Service.
**(b)**
(1) As reimbursement to the Postal Service for public service costs incurred by it in providing a maximum degree of effective and regular postal service nationwide, in communities where post offices may not be deemed self-sustaining, as elsewhere, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Postal Service the following amounts:
(A) for each of the fiscal years 1972 through 1979, an amount equal to 10 percent of the sum appropriated to the former Post Office Department by Act of Congress for its use in fiscal year 1971;
(B) for fiscal year 1980, an amount equal to 9 percent of such sum for fiscal year 1971;
(C) for fiscal year 1981, $486,000,000;
(D) for fiscal year 1982, $250,000,000;
(E) for fiscal year 1983, $100,000,000;
(F) for fiscal year 1984, no funds are authorized to be appropriated; and
(G) except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, for each fiscal year thereafter an amount equal to 5 percent of such sum for fiscal year 1971.
(2) After fiscal year 1984, the Postal Service may reduce the percentage figure in paragraph (1)(G) of this subsection, including a reduction to 0, if the Postal Service finds that the amounts determined under such paragraph are no longer required to operate the Postal Service in accordance with the policies of this title.
**(c)** There are authorized to be appropriated to the Postal Service each year a sum determined by the Postal Service to be equal to the difference between the revenues the Postal Service would have received if sections 3217 and 3403 through 3406 had not been enacted and the estimated revenues to be received on mail carried under such sections. In requesting an appropriation
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 39 U.S.C. § 2401
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
If Congress fails to appropriate an amount authorized under [section 2401(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title39-section2401/c&num=0&edition=prelim) for any class of mail sent free of postage under section 3217 or 3403–3406 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by “of this title,”. the rate for that class may be adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this subchapter so that the increased revenues received from the users of such class will equal the amount for that class that the Congress was to appropriate.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 39 U.S.C. § 3627
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Postal Service shall make available to a State or local voting registration official the rate for any class of mail that is available to a qualified nonprofit organization under section 3626 for the purpose of making a mailing that the official certifies is required or authorized by the National Voter Registration Act of 1993.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 39 U.S.C. § 3629
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Designation**
(1) Each State shall designate agencies for the registration of voters in elections for Federal office.
(2) Each State shall designate as voter registration agencies—
(A) all offices in the State that provide public assistance; and
(B) all offices in the State that provide State-funded programs primarily engaged in providing services to persons with disabilities.
(3)
(A) In addition to voter registration agencies designated under paragraph (2), each State shall designate other offices within the State as voter registration agencies.
(B) Voter registration agencies designated under subparagraph (A) may include—
(i) State or local government offices such as public libraries, public schools, offices of city and county clerks (including marriage license bureaus), fishing and hunting license bureaus, government revenue offices, unemployment compensation offices, and offices not described in paragraph (2)(B) that provide services to persons with disabilities; and
(ii) Federal and nongovernmental offices, with the agreement of such offices.
(4)
(A) At each voter registration agency, the following services shall be made available:
(i) Distribution of mail voter registration application forms in accordance with paragraph (6).
(ii) Assistance to applicants in completing voter registration application forms, unless the applicant refuses such assistance.
(iii) Acceptance of completed voter registration application forms for transmittal to the appropriate State election official.
(B) If a voter registration agency designated under paragraph (2)(B) provides services to a person with a disability at the person’s home, the agency shall provide the services described in subparagraph (A) at the person’s home.
(5) A perso
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 52 U.S.C. § 20506
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Computerized statewide voter registration list requirements**
(1) **Implementation**
(A) *In general* — Except as provided in subparagraph (B), each State, acting through the chief State election official, shall implement, in a uniform and nondiscriminatory manner, a single, uniform, official, centralized, interactive computerized statewide voter registration list defined, maintained, and administered at the State level that contains the name and registration information of every legally registered voter in the State and assigns a unique identifier to each legally registered voter in the State (in this subsection referred to as the “computerized list”), and includes the following:
(i) The computerized list shall serve as the single system for storing and managing the official list of registered voters throughout the State.
(ii) The computerized list contains the name and registration information of every legally registered voter in the State.
(iii) Under the computerized list, a unique identifier is assigned to each legally registered voter in the State.
(iv) The computerized list shall be coordinated with other agency databases within the State.
(v) Any election official in the State, including any local election official, may obtain immediate electronic access to the information contained in the computerized list.
(vi) All voter registration information obtained by any local election official in the State shall be electronically entered into the computerized list on an expedited basis at the time the information is provided to the local official.
(vii) The chief State election official shall provide such support as may be required so that local election officials are able to enter information as described in clause (vi).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 52 U.S.C. § 21083
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Except as specifically provided in [section 21083(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title52-section21083/b&num=0&edition=prelim) with regard to the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 ([42 U.S.C. 1973gg](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1973gg&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) [now [52 U.S.C. 20501](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title52-section20501&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], nothing in this chapter may be construed to authorize or require conduct prohibited under any of the following laws, or to supersede, restrict, or limit the application of such laws:
(1) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 ([42 U.S.C. 1973](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1973&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) [now [52 U.S.C. 10301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title52-section10301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(2) The Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped Act ([42 U.S.C. 1973ee](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1973ee&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) [now [52 U.S.C. 20101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title52-section20101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(3) The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act ([42 U.S.C. 1973ff](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1973ff&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) [now [52 U.S.C. 20301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title52-section20301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(4) The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 ([42 U.S.C. 1973gg](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 52 U.S.C. § 21145
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 41
TITLE 52—VOTING AND ELECTIONS
§ 20501
evant committees of Congress a report con-
taining the following information:
(A) The reasons such guidelines have not
been established as of such date.
(B) A detailed timeline for the establish-
ment of such guidelines.
(C) A detailed explanation of the Commis-
sion’s actions in establishing such guidelines
since October 28, 2004.
(3) Relevant committees of Congress defined
In this subsection, the term ‘‘relevant com-
mittees of Congress’’ means—
(A) the Committees on Appropriations,
Armed Services, and Rules and Administra-
tion of the Senate; and
(B) the Committees on Appropriations,
Armed Services, and House Administration
of the House of Representatives.
(f) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated such
sums as are necessary to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, § 589, Oct. 28, 2009,
123 Stat. 2334; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X,
§ 1075(d)(6), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4373.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Vot-
ing Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is Pub. L. 99–410,
Aug. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 924, which is classified prin-
cipally to this chapter. Sections 101 and 107 of the Act
are classified to sections 20301 and 20310, respectively,
of this title. For complete classification of this Act to
the Code, see Tables.
CODIFICATION
Section was formerly classified to section 1973ff–7 of
Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to edi-
torial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
Some section numbers referenced in amendment notes
below reflect the classification of such sections prior to
their editorial reclassification to this title.
Section was enacted as part of the Militar
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 52 U.S.C. § 20501
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