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28 U.S.C. § 1367 — Supplemental jurisdiction
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) or as expressly provided otherwise by Federal statute, in any civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction, the district courts shall have supplemental jurisdiction over all other claims that are so related to claims in the action within such original jurisdiction that they form part of the same case or controversy under Article III of the United States Constitution. Such supplemental jurisdiction shall include claims that involve the joinder or intervention of additional parties.
**(b)** In any civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction founded solely on [section 1332 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1332&num=0&edition=prelim), the district courts shall not have supplemental jurisdiction under subsection (a) over claims by plaintiffs against persons made parties under Rule 14, 19, 20, or 24 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, or over claims by persons proposed to be joined as plaintiffs under Rule 19 of such rules, or seeking to intervene as plaintiffs under Rule 24 of such rules, when exercising supplemental jurisdiction over such claims would be inconsistent with the jurisdictional requirements of section 1332.
**(c)** The district courts may decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over a claim under subsection (a) if—
(1) the claim raises a novel or complex issue of State law,
(2) the claim substantially predominates over the claim or claims over which the district court has original jurisdiction,
(3) the district court has dismissed all claims over which it has original jurisdiction, or
(4) in exceptional circumstances, there are other compelling reasons for declining jurisdiction.
**(d)*
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-28/section-1367-supplemental-jurisdiction--52bf2cd73c.md
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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 85, § 1367; chapter-085-district-courts-jurisdiction.md
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**(a)** Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) or as expressly provided otherwise by Federal statute, in any civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction, the district courts shall have supplemental jurisdiction over all other claims that are so related to claims in the action within such original jurisdiction that they form part of the same case or controversy under Article III of the United States Constitution. Such supplemental jurisdiction shall include claims that involve the joinder or intervention of additional parties.
**(b)** In any civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction founded solely on [section 1332 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1332&num=0&edition=prelim), the district courts shall not have supplemental jurisdiction under subsection (a) over claims by plaintiffs against persons made parties under Rule 14, 19, 20, or 24 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, or over claims by persons proposed to be joined as plaintiffs under Rule 19 of such rules, or seeking to intervene as plaintiffs under Rule 24 of such rules, when exercising supplemental jurisdiction over such claims would be inconsistent with the jurisdictional requirements of section 1332.
**(c)** The district courts may decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over a claim under subsection (a) if—
(1) the claim raises a novel or complex issue of State law,
(2) the claim substantially predominates over the claim or claims over which the district court has original jurisdiction,
(3) the district court has dismissed all claims over which it has original jurisdiction, or
(4) in exceptional circumstances, there are other compelling reasons for declining jurisdiction.
**(d)** The period of limitations for any claim asserted under subsection (a), and for any other claim in the same action that is voluntarily dismissed at the same time as or after the dismissal of the claim under subsection (a), shall be tolled while the claim is pending and for a period of 30 days after it is dismissed unless State law provides for a longer tolling period.
**(e)** As used in this section, the term “State” includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions where the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $75,000, exclusive of interest and costs, and is between—
(1) citizens of different States;
(2) citizens of a State and citizens or subjects of a foreign state, except that the district courts shall not have original jurisdiction under this subsection of an action between citizens of a State and citizens or subjects of a foreign state who are lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States and are domiciled in the same State;
(3) citizens of different States and in which citizens or subjects of a foreign state are additional parties; and
(4) a foreign state, defined in [section 1603(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1603/a&num=0&edition=prelim), as plaintiff and citizens of a State or of different States.
**(b)** Except when express provision therefor is otherwise made in a statute of the United States, where the plaintiff who files the case originally in the Federal courts is finally adjudged to be entitled to recover less than the sum or value of $75,000, computed without regard to any setoff or counterclaim to which the defendant may be adjudged to be entitled, and exclusive of interest and costs, the district court may deny costs to the plaintiff and, in addition, may impose costs on the plaintiff.
**(c)** For the purposes of this section and [section 1441 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1441&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(1) a corporation shall be deemed to be a citizen of every State and foreign state by which it has been incorporated and of the State or foreign state where it has its principa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 1332
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purpose** Pursuant to the affirmative power of Congress to enact this part under section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, as well as under section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, it is the purpose of this part to protect the civil rights of victims of gender motivated violence and to promote public safety, health, and activities affecting interstate commerce by establishing a Federal civil rights cause of action for victims of crimes of violence motivated by gender.
**(b) Right to be free from crimes of violence** All persons within the United States shall have the right to be free from crimes of violence motivated by gender (as defined in subsection (d)).
**(c) Cause of action** A person (including a person who acts under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State) who commits a crime of violence motivated by gender and thus deprives another of the right declared in subsection (b) shall be liable to the party injured, in an action for the recovery of compensatory and punitive damages, injunctive and declaratory relief, and such other relief as a court may deem appropriate.
**(d) Definitions** For purposes of this section—
(1) the term “crime of violence motivated by gender” means a crime of violence committed because of gender or on the basis of gender, and due, at least in part, to an animus based on the victim’s gender; and
(2) the term “crime of violence” means— 11 So in original. The word “means” probably should appear after “(A)” below.
(A) an act or series of acts that would constitute a felony against the person or that would constitute a felony against property if the conduct presents a serious risk of physical injury to another, and that would come within the meaning of State or Federal offens
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 383
TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
§ 1368
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–292 substituted ‘‘execu-
tive branch of the Federal Government acting within
his or her official capacity, except that this section
shall apply if the refusal to comply is based on the as-
sertion of a personal privilege or objection and is not
based on a governmental privilege or objection the as-
sertion of which has been authorized by the executive
branch of the Federal Government’’ for ‘‘Federal Gov-
ernment acting within his official capacity’’.
1984—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–620 struck out subsec. (c)
which provided that in any civil action or contempt
proceeding brought pursuant to this section, the court
had to assign the action or proceeding for hearing at
the earliest practicable date and cause the action or
proceeding in every way to be expedited, and that any
appeal or petition for review from any order or judg-
ment in such action or proceeding had to be expedited
in the same manner.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1984 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–620 not applicable to cases
pending on Nov. 8, 1984, see section 403 of Pub. L. 98–620,
set out as an Effective Date note under section 1657 of
this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective Jan. 3, 1979, see section 717 of Pub.
L. 95–521, set out as a note under section 288 of Title 2,
The Congress.
§ 1366. Construction of references to laws of the
United States or Acts of Congress
For the purposes of this chapter, references to
laws of the United States or Acts of Congress do
not include laws applicable exclusively to the
District of Columbia.
(Added Pub. L. 91–358, title I, § 172(c)(1), July 29,
1970, 84 Stat. 590, § 1363; renumbered § 136
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 28 U.S.C. § 1367
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