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18 U.S.C. § 878 — Threats and extortion against foreign officials, official guests, or internationally protected persons

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 878 — Threats and extortion against foreign officials, official guests, or internationally protected persons

**(a)** Whoever knowingly and willfully threatens to violate section 112, 1116, or 1201 shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both, except that imprisonment for a threatened assault shall not exceed three years. **(b)** Whoever in connection with any violation of subsection (a) or actual violation of section 112, 1116, or 1201 makes any extortionate demand shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both. **(c)** For the purpose of this section “foreign official”, “internationally protected person”, “national of the United States”, and “official guest” shall have the same meanings as those provided in [section 1116(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1116/a&num=0&edition=prelim). **(d)** If the victim of an offense under subsection (a) is an internationally protected person outside the United States, the United States may exercise jurisdiction over the offense if (1) the victim is a representative, officer, employee, or agent of the United States, (2) an offender is a national of the United States, or (3) an offender is afterwards found in the United States. As used in this subsection, the United States includes all areas under the jurisdiction of the United States including any of the places within the provisions of sections 5 and 7 of this title and [section 46501(2) of title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section46501/2&num=0&edition=prelim).

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-878-threats-and-extortion-against-foreign-officials-official-guests-or-inter--4ff2301f98.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 41, § 878; chapter-041-extortion-and-threats.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 112 — Protection of foreign officials, official guests, and internationally protected persons

**(a)** Whoever assaults, strikes, wounds, imprisons, or offers violence to a foreign official, official guest, or internationally protected person or makes any other violent attack upon the person or liberty of such person, or, if likely to endanger his person or liberty, makes a violent attack upon his official premises, private accommodation, or means of transport or attempts to commit any of the foregoing shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. Whoever in the commission of any such act uses a deadly or dangerous weapon, or inflicts bodily injury, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. **(b)** Whoever willfully— (1) intimidates, coerces, threatens, or harasses a foreign official or an official guest or obstructs a foreign official in the performance of his duties; (2) attempts to intimidate, coerce, threaten, or harass a foreign official or an official guest or obstruct a foreign official in the performance of his duties; or (3) within the United States and within one hundred feet of any building or premises in whole or in part owned, used, or occupied for official business or for diplomatic, consular, or residential purposes by— (A) a foreign government, including such use as a mission to an international organization; (B) an international organization; (C) a foreign official; or (D) an official guest; congregates with two or more other persons with intent to violate any other provision of this section; shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than six months, or both. **(c)** For the purpose of this section “foreign government”, “foreign official”, “internationally protected person”, “international organization”, “national of the United States”, and “

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 878 — Threats and extortion against foreign offi-

Page 211 TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE § 878 HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 338a (July 8, 1932, ch. 464, § 1, 47 Stat. 649; June 28, 1935, ch. 326, 49 Stat. 427; May 15, 1939, ch. 133, § 1, 53 Stat. 742). Reference to persons causing or procuring was omit- ted as unnecessary in view of definition of ‘‘principal’’ in section 2 of this title. Provisions as to district of trial were omitted as cov- ered by sections 3237 and 3239 of this title. Changes in phraseology and arrangement were made. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2002—Pub. L. 107–273 designated first to fourth pars. as subsecs. (a) to (d), respectively, and, in subsecs. (c) and (d), inserted at end ‘‘If such a communication is ad- dressed to a United States judge, a Federal law enforce- ment officer, or an official who is covered by section 1114, the individual shall be fined under this title, im- prisoned not more than 10 years, or both.’’ 1994—Pub. L. 103–322, § 330021(2), substituted ‘‘kid- napped’’ for ‘‘kidnaped’’ in first par. Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(K), substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $5,000’’ in first and second pars. Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(H), substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $1,000’’ in third par. Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(G), substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $500’’ in fourth par. 1970—Pub. L. 91–375 substituted ‘‘Postal Service’’ for ‘‘Post Office Department’’ in two places in first par. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1970 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and publishe

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