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28 U.S.C. § 1658 — Time limitations on the commencement of civil actions arising under Acts of Congress
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as otherwise provided by law, a civil action arising under an Act of Congress enacted after the date of the enactment of this section may not be commenced later than 4 years after the cause of action accrues.
**(b)** Notwithstanding subsection (a), a private right of action that involves a claim of fraud, deceit, manipulation, or contrivance in contravention of a regulatory requirement concerning the securities laws, as defined in section 3(a)(47) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ([15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(47)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section78c/a/47&num=0&edition=prelim)), may be brought not later than the earlier of—
(1) 2 years after the discovery of the facts constituting the violation; or
(2) 5 years after such violation.
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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 111, § 1658; chapter-111-general-provisions.md
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**(a)** Except as otherwise provided by law, a civil action arising under an Act of Congress enacted after the date of the enactment of this section may not be commenced later than 4 years after the cause of action accrues.
**(b)** Notwithstanding subsection (a), a private right of action that involves a claim of fraud, deceit, manipulation, or contrivance in contravention of a regulatory requirement concerning the securities laws, as defined in section 3(a)(47) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ([15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(47)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section78c/a/47&num=0&edition=prelim)), may be brought not later than the earlier of—
(1) 2 years after the discovery of the facts constituting the violation; or
(2) 5 years after such violation.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Whoever knowingly and willfully obstructs, resists, or opposes any officer of the United States, or other person duly authorized, in serving, or attempting to serve or execute, any legal or judicial writ or process of any court of the United States, or United States magistrate judge; or
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** When used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires—
(1) The term “exchange” means any organization, association, or group of persons, whether incorporated or unincorporated, which constitutes, maintains, or provides a market place or facilities for bringing together purchasers and sellers of securities or for otherwise performing with respect to securities the functions commonly performed by a stock exchange as that term is generally understood, and includes the market place and the market facilities maintained by such exchange.
(2) The term “facility” when used with respect to an exchange includes its premises, tangible or intangible property whether on the premises or not, any right to the use of such premises or property or any service thereof for the purpose of effecting or reporting a transaction on an exchange (including, among other things, any system of communication to or from the exchange, by ticker or otherwise, maintained by or with the consent of the exchange), and any right of the exchange to the use of any property or service.
(3)
(A) The term “member” when used with respect to a national securities exchange means (i) any natural person permitted to effect transactions on the floor of the exchange without the services of another person acting as broker, (ii) any registered broker or dealer with which such a natural person is associated, (iii) any registered broker or dealer permitted to designate as a representative such a natural person, and (iv) any other registered broker or dealer which agrees to be regulated by such exchange and with respect to which the exchange undertakes to enforce compliance with the provisions of this chapter, the rules and regulations thereunder, and its own rules. For purposes of section
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 78c
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 207
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 78c
submit to Congress an interim report twelve months
after Oct. 26, 1974, and not later than one and one-half
years after Oct. 26, 1974, a full and complete report of
the findings made under the study authorized, together
with such recommendations as they considered appro-
priate.
Executive Documents
EX. ORD. NO. 12631. WORKING GROUP ON FINANCIAL
MARKETS
Ex. Ord. No. 12631, Mar. 18, 1988, 53 F.R. 9421, provided:
By virtue of the authority vested in me as President
by the Constitution and laws of the United States of
America, and in order to establish a Working Group on
Financial Markets, it is hereby ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Establishment. (a) There is hereby estab-
lished a Working Group on Financial Markets (Working
Group). The Working Group shall be composed of:
(1) the Secretary of the Treasury, or his designee;
(2) the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve System, or his designee;
(3) the Chairman of the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or his designee; and
(4) the Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission, or her designee.
(b) The Secretary of the Treasury, or his designee,
shall be the Chairman of the Working Group.
SEC. 2. Purposes and Functions. (a) Recognizing the
goals of enhancing the integrity, efficiency, orderli-
ness, and competitiveness of our Nation’s financial
markets and maintaining investor confidence, the
Working Group shall identify and consider:
(1) the major issues raised by the numerous studies
on the events in the financial markets surrounding Oc-
tober 19, 1987, and any of those recommendations that
have the potential to achieve the goals noted above;
and
(2) the actions, including governmental actions under
existing laws and regu
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 78c
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 441
TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
§ 1658
theretofore acquired in a district court upon
property within such district, division or terri-
tory.
To enforce such lien, the clerk of the court in
which the same is acquired, upon the request
and at the cost of the party desiring the same,
shall make a certified copy of the record there-
of, which, when filed in the proper court of the
district or division in which such property is sit-
uated after such creation or transfer shall be
evidence in all courts and places equally with
the original thereof; and, thereafter like pro-
ceedings shall be had thereon, and with the
same effect, as though the case or proceeding
had been originally instituted in such court.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 944; Pub. L. 95–598,
title II, § 242, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2671.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 122 (Mar. 3, 1911,
ch. 231, § 60, 36 Stat. 1103).
A provision as to creation of a new district or divi-
sion or transfer of territory before March 3, 1911, was
omitted as obsolete.
Words descriptive of the lien were omitted as unnec-
essary.
Changes were made in phraseology.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1978—Pub. L. 95–598 directed the amendment of sec-
tion by inserting ‘‘or in a bankruptcy court’’ after ‘‘a
district court’’, which amendment did not become ef-
fective pursuant to section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598, as
amended, set out as an Effective Date note preceding
section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy.
§ 1657. Priority of civil actions
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of
law, each court of the United States shall deter-
mine the order in which civil actions are heard
and determined, except that the court shall ex-
pedite the consideration of any action
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 28 U.S.C. § 1658
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