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30 U.S.C. § 820 — Judicial review of Commission orders
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Petition by person adversely affected or aggrieved; temporary relief**
(1) Any person adversely affected or aggrieved by an order of the Commission issued under this chapter may obtain a review of such order in any United States court of appeals for the circuit in which the violation is alleged to have occurred or in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, by filing in such court within 30 days following the issuance of such order a written petition praying that the order be modified or set aside. A copy of such petition shall be forthwith transmitted by the clerk of the court to the Commission and to the other parties, and thereupon the Commission shall file in the court the record in the proceeding as provided in [section 2112 of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section2112&num=0&edition=prelim). Upon such filing, the court shall have exclusive jurisdiction of the proceeding and of the questions determined therein, and shall have the power to make and enter upon the pleadings, testimony, and proceedings set forth in such record a decree affirming, modifying, or setting aside, in whole or in part, the order of the Commission and enforcing the same to the extent that such order is affirmed or modified. No objection that has not been urged before the Commission shall be considered by the court, unless the failure or neglect to urge such objection shall be excused because of extraordinary circumstances. The findings of the Commission with respect to questions of fact, if supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as a whole, shall be conclusive. If any party shall apply to the court for leave to adduce additional evidence and shall show to the satisfaction of the court th
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-30/section-820-judicial-review-of-commission-orders--4c494da7f5.md
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Source location: Title 30, Chapter 22, § 820; chapter-022-mine-safety-and-health.md
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**(a) Petition by person adversely affected or aggrieved; temporary relief**
(1) Any person adversely affected or aggrieved by an order of the Commission issued under this chapter may obtain a review of such order in any United States court of appeals for the circuit in which the violation is alleged to have occurred or in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, by filing in such court within 30 days following the issuance of such order a written petition praying that the order be modified or set aside. A copy of such petition shall be forthwith transmitted by the clerk of the court to the Commission and to the other parties, and thereupon the Commission shall file in the court the record in the proceeding as provided in [section 2112 of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section2112&num=0&edition=prelim). Upon such filing, the court shall have exclusive jurisdiction of the proceeding and of the questions determined therein, and shall have the power to make and enter upon the pleadings, testimony, and proceedings set forth in such record a decree affirming, modifying, or setting aside, in whole or in part, the order of the Commission and enforcing the same to the extent that such order is affirmed or modified. No objection that has not been urged before the Commission shall be considered by the court, unless the failure or neglect to urge such objection shall be excused because of extraordinary circumstances. The findings of the Commission with respect to questions of fact, if supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as a whole, shall be conclusive. If any party shall apply to the court for leave to adduce additional evidence and shall show to the satisfaction of the court that such additional evidence is material and that there were reasonable grounds for the failure to adduce such evidence in the hearing before the Commission, the court may order such additional evidence to be taken before the Commission and to be made a part of the record. The Commission may modify its findings as to the facts, or make new findings, by reason of additional evidence so taken and filed, and it shall file such modified or new findings, which findings with respect to questions of fact, if supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as a whole, shall be conclusive. The Commission may modify or set aside its original order by reason of such modified or new findings of fact. Upon the filing of the record after such remand proceedings, the jurisdiction of the court shall be exclusive and its judgment and degree shall be final, except that the same shall be subject to review by the Supreme Court of the United States, as provided in [section 1254 of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1254&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) In the case of a proceeding to review any order or decision issued by the Commission under this chapter, except an order or decision pertaining to an order issued under [section 817(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section817/a&num=0&edition=prelim) or an order or decision pertaining to a citation issued under section 814(a) or (f) of this title, the court may, under such conditions as it may prescribe, grant such temporary relief as it deems appropriate pending final determination of the proceeding, if—
(A) all parties to the proceeding have been notified and given an opportunity to be heard on a request for temporary relief;
(B) the person requesting such relief shows that there is a substantial likelihood that he will prevail on the merits of the final determination of the proceeding; and
(C) such relief will not adversely affect the health and safety of miners in the coal or other mine.
(3) In the case of a proceeding to review any order or decision issued by the Panel under this chapter, the court may, under such conditions as it may prescribe, grant such temporary relief as it deems appropriate pending final determination of the proceeding, if—
(A) all parties to the proceeding have been notified and given an opportunity to be heard on a request for temporary relief; and
(B) the person requesting such relief shows that there is a substantial likelihood that he will prevail on the merits of the final determination of the proceeding.
**(b) Petition by Secretary for review or enforcement of final Commission orders** The Secretary may also obtain review or enforcement of any final order of the Commission by filing a petition for such relief in the United States court of appeals for the circuit in which the alleged violation occurred or in the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, and the provisions of subsection (a) shall govern such proceedings to the extent applicable. If no petition for review, as provided in subsection (a), is filed within 30 days after issuance of the Commission’s order, the Commission’s findings of fact and order shall be conclusive in connection with any petition for enforcement which is filed by the Secretary after the expiration of such 30-day period. In any such case, as well as in the case of a noncontested citation or notification by the Secretary which has become a final order of the Commission under subsection (a) or (b) of [section 815 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section815&num=0&edition=prelim), the clerk of the court, unless otherwise ordered by the court, shall forthwith enter a decree enforcing the order and shall transmit a copy of such decree to the Secretary and the operator named in the petition. In any contempt proceeding brought to enforce a decree of a court of appeals entered pursuant to this subsection or subsection (a), the court of appeals may assess the penalties provided in [section 820 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section820&num=0&edition=prelim), in addition to invoking any other available remedies.
**(c) Stay of order or decision of Commission or Panel** The commencement of a proceeding under this section shall not, unless specifically ordered by the court, operate as a stay of the order or decision of the Commission or the Panel.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Development, promulgation, and revision** The Secretary shall by rule in accordance with procedures set forth in this section and in accordance with [section 553 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section553&num=0&edition=prelim) (without regard to any reference in such section to sections 556 and 557 of such title), develop, promulgate, and revise as may be appropriate, improved mandatory health or safety standards for the protection of life and prevention of injuries in coal or other mines.
(1) Whenever the Secretary, upon the basis of information submitted to him in writing by an interested person, a representative of any organization of employers or employees, a nationally recognized standards-producing organization, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, or a State or political subdivision, or on the basis of information developed by the Secretary or otherwise available to him, determines that a rule should be promulgated in order to serve the objectives of this chapter, the Secretary may request the recommendation of an advisory committee appointed under [section 812(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section812/c&num=0&edition=prelim). The Secretary shall provide such an advisory committee with any proposals of his own or of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, together with all pertinent factual information developed by the Secretary or the Secretary of Health and Human Services, or otherwise available, including the results of research, demonstrations, and experiments. An advisory committee shall submit to the Secretary its recommendations regarding the rule to be promulgated within 60 day
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each court of the United States shall determine the order in which civil actions are heard and determined, except that the court shall expedite the consideration of any action brought under chapter 153 or [section 1826 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1826&num=0&edition=prelim), any action for temporary or preliminary injunctive relief, or any other action if good cause therefor is shown. For purposes of this subsection, “good cause” is shown if a right under the Constitution of the United States or a Federal Statute (including rights under [section 552 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section552&num=0&edition=prelim)) would be maintained in a factual context that indicates that a request for expedited consideration has merit.
**(b)** The Judicial Conference of the United States may modify the rules adopted by the courts to determine the order in which civil actions are heard and determined, in order to establish consistency among the judicial circuits.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Cases in the courts of appeals may be reviewed by the Supreme Court by the following methods:
(1) By writ of certiorari granted upon the petition of any party to any civil or criminal case, before or after rendition of judgment or decree;
(2) By certification at any time by a court of appeals of any question of law in any civil or criminal case as to which instructions are desired, and upon such certification the Supreme Court may give binding instructions or require the entire record to be sent up for decision of the entire matter in controversy.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** There is established a Technical Study Panel (referred to in this section as the “Panel”) which shall provide independent scientific and engineering review and recommendations with respect to the utilization of belt air and the composition and fire retardant properties of belt materials in underground coal mining.
**(b) Membership** The Panel shall be composed of—
(1) two individuals to be appointed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Associate Director of the Office of Mine Safety;
(2) two individuals to be appointed by the Secretary of Labor, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Mine Safety and Health; and
(3) two individuals, one to be appointed jointly by the majority leaders of the Senate and House of Representatives and one to be appointed jointly by the minority leader of the Senate and House of Representatives, each to be appointed prior to the sine die adjournment of the second session of the 109th Congress.
**(c) Qualifications** Four of the six individuals appointed to the Panel under subsection (b) shall possess a masters or doctoral level degree in mining engineering or another scientific field demonstrably related to the subject of the report. No individual appointed to the Panel shall be an employee of any coal or other mine, or of any labor organization, or of any State or Federal agency primarily responsible for regulating the mining industry.
**(d) Report**
(1) **In general** — Not later than 1 year after the date on which all members of the Panel are appointed under subsection (b), the Panel shall prepare and submit to the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Committee
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The rules prescribed under the authority of [section 2072 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section2072&num=0&edition=prelim) may provide for the time and manner of filing and the contents of the record in all proceedings instituted in the courts of appeals to enjoin, set aside, suspend, modify, or otherwise review or enforce orders of administrative agencies, boards, commissions, and officers. Such rules may authorize the agency, board, commission, or officer to file in the court a certified list of the materials comprising the record and retain and hold for the court all such materials and transmit the same or any part thereof to the court, when and as required by it, at any time prior to the final determination of the proceeding, and such filing of such certified list of the materials comprising the record and such subsequent transmittal of any such materials when and as required shall be deemed full compliance with any provision of law requiring the filing of the record in the court. The record in such proceedings shall be certified and filed in or held for and transmitted to the court of appeals by the agency, board, commission, or officer concerned within the time and in the manner prescribed by such rules. If proceedings are instituted in two or more courts of appeals with respect to the same order, the following shall apply:
(1) If within ten days after issuance of the order the agency, board, commission, or officer concerned receives, from the persons instituting the proceedings, the petition for review with respect to proceedings in at least two courts of appeals, the agency, board, commission, or officer shall proceed in accordance with paragraph (3) of this subsection. If within ten days after the is
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
This chapter, covering the operation of only metal and nonmetallic mines, is covered by section 801 et seq. of this title following the enactment of Pub. L. 95–164 which brought the operation of all coal and other mines under a single legislative canopy.
Section 721, Pub. L. 89–577, § 2, Sept. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 772, defined “commerce”, “mine”, “operator”, “Secretary”, and “Board”. See [section 802 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section802&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 722, Pub. L. 89–577, § 3, Sept. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 773, described mines to be covered and empowered Secretary of the Interior to decline jurisdiction if effect of the mine on commerce was not sufficiently substantial. See section 801 et seq. of this title.
Section 723, Pub. L. 89–577, § 4, Sept. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 773, related to investigations of metal and nonmetallic mines to obtain information relating to health and safety conditions. See [section 811 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section811&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 724, Pub. L. 89–577, § 5, Sept. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 773, related to admission of investigators to mines. See [section 813 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section813&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 725, Pub. L. 89–577, § 6, Sept. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 774, related to development of health and safety standards. See [section 811 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section811&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 726, Pub. L. 89–577, § 7, Sept. 16, 1966, 80 Stat. 775, related to advisory committees. See [section 812 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Withdrawal orders** If, upon any inspection or investigation of a coal or other mine which is subject to this chapter, an authorized representative of the Secretary finds that an imminent danger exists, such representative shall determine the extent of the area of such mine throughout which the danger exists, and issue an order requiring the operator of such mine to cause all persons, except those referred to in [section 814(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section814/c&num=0&edition=prelim), to be withdrawn from, and to be prohibited from entering, such area until an authorized representative of the Secretary determines that such imminent danger and the conditions or practices which caused such imminent danger no longer exist. The issuance of an order under this subsection shall not preclude the issuance of a citation under [section 814 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section814&num=0&edition=prelim) or the proposing of a penalty under [section 820 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section820&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Notice to mine operators; further investigation; findings and decision by Secretary**
(1) If, upon any inspection of a coal or other mine, an authorized representative of the Secretary finds (A) that conditions exist therein which have not yet resulted in an imminent danger, (B) that such conditions cannot be effectively abated through the use of existing technology, and (C) that reasonable assurance cannot be provided that the continuance of mining operations under such conditions will not result in an imminent danger, he shall determine the area throughout which such conditions exist, and
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Mine office; bulletin board** At each coal or other mine there shall be maintained an office with a conspicuous sign designating it as the office of such mine. There shall be a bulletin board at such office or located at a conspicuous place near an entrance of such mine, in such manner that orders, citations, notices and decisions required by law or regulation to be posted, may be posted thereon, and be easily visible to all persons desiring to read them, and be protected against damage by weather and against unauthorized removal. A copy of any order, citation, notice or decision required by this chapter to be given to an operator shall be delivered to the office of the affected mine, and a copy shall be immediately posted on the bulletin board of such mine by the operator or his agent.
**(b) Distribution of orders, citations, notices, and decisions** The Secretary shall (1) cause a copy of any order, citation, notice, or decision required by this chapter to be given to an operator to be mailed immediately to a representative of the miners in the affected coal or other mine, and (2) cause a copy thereof to be mailed to the public official or agency of the State charged with administering State laws, if any, relating to health or safety in such mine. Such notice, order, citation, or decision shall be available for public inspection.
**(c) Compliance** In order to insure prompt compliance with any notice, order, citation, or decision issued under this chapter, the authorized representative of the Secretary may deliver such notice, order, citation, or decision to an agent of the operator, and such agent shall immediately take appropriate measures to insure compliance with such notice, order, citation, or decision.
**(d) Filing; designation of health and safety off
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 146
TITLE 30—MINERAL LANDS AND MINING
§ 820
1 So in original.
safety official under this subsection shall not be
construed as making such official subject to any
penalty under this chapter.
(Pub. L. 91–173, title I, § 109, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat.
756; Pub. L. 95–164, title II, § 201, Nov. 9, 1977, 91
Stat. 1310.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original
‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 91–173, Dec. 30, 1969, 83
Stat. 742, known as the Federal Mine Safety and Health
Act of 1977, which is classified principally to this chap-
ter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code,
see Short Title note set out under section 801 of this
title and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1977—Pub. L. 95–164 substituted provisions relating to
the posting of orders and decisions for provisions set-
ting out an enumeration of penalties, which provisions,
as revised, were transferred to section 820 of this title.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1977 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–164 effective 120 days after
Nov. 9, 1977, except as otherwise provided, see section
307 of Pub. L. 95–164, set out as a note under section 801
of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section operative 90 days after Dec. 30, 1969, except to
the extent an earlier date is specifically provided for in
Pub. L. 91–173, see section 509 of Pub. L. 91–173, set out
as a note under section 801 of this title.
§ 820. Penalties
(a) Civil penalty for violation of mandatory
health or safety standards
(1) The operator of a coal or other mine in
which a violation occurs of a mandatory health
or safety standard or who violates any other
provision of this chapter, shall be assessed a
civil penalty by the Secretary which penalty
shall not
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