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15 U.S.C. § 5601 — Repealed. Pub. L. 111–314, § 6, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3444

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 5601 — Repealed. Pub. L. 111–314, § 6, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3444

### Statutory Notes Section 5651, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 501, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4176, related to nondiscriminatory data availability. See [section 60141 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60141&num=0&edition=prelim), National and Commercial Space Programs. Section 5652, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 502, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4176, related to archiving of data. See [section 60142 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60142&num=0&edition=prelim). Section 5653, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 503, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177, related to nonreproduction of unenhanced data. See [section 60143 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60143&num=0&edition=prelim). Section 5654, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 504, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177, related to reimbursement for assistance. See [section 60144 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60144&num=0&edition=prelim). Section 5655, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 505, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177, related to acquisition of equipment. See [section 60145 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60145&num=0&edition=prelim). Section 5656, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 506, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177, related to radio frequency allocation. See [section 60146 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60146&num=0&edition=prelim). Section 5657, Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 507, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4178, related to consultation regarding national security, international obligations, status reports, and certain reimbursements.

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-5601-repealed-pub-l-111314-6-dec-18-2010-124-stat-3444--27bca74d8b.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 82, § 5601; chapter-082-land-remote-sensing-policy.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

51 U.S.C. § 60142 — Archiving of data

**(a) Public Interest.—** It is in the public interest for the United States Government to— (1) maintain an archive of land remote sensing data for historical, scientific, and technical purposes, including long-term global environmental monitoring; (2) control the content and scope of the archive; and (3) ensure the quality, integrity, and continuity of the archive. **(b) Archiving Practices.—** The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Landsat Program Management, shall provide for long-term storage, maintenance, and upgrading of a basic, global, land remote sensing data set (hereafter in this section referred to as the “basic data set”) and shall follow reasonable archival practices to ensure proper storage and preservation of the basic data set and timely access for parties requesting data. **(c) Determination of Content of Basic Data Set.—** In determining the initial content of, or in upgrading, the basic data set, the Secretary of the Interior shall— (1) use as a baseline the data archived on October 28, 1992; (2) take into account future technical and scientific developments and needs, paying particular attention to the anticipated data requirements of global environmental change research; (3) consult with and seek the advice of users and producers of remote sensing data and data products; (4) consider the need for data which may be duplicative in terms of geographical coverage but which differ in terms of season, spectral bands, resolution, or other relevant factors; (5) include, as the Secretary of the Interior considers appropriate, unenhanced data generated either by the Landsat system, pursuant to subchapter II, or by licensees under subchapter III; (6) include, as the Secretary of the Interior considers appropriate, data collected by

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51 U.S.C. § 60147 — Consultation

**(a) Consultation With Secretary of Defense.—** The Secretary and the Landsat Program Management shall consult with the Secretary of Defense on all matters under this chapter affecting national security. The Secretary of Defense shall be responsible for determining those conditions, consistent with this chapter, necessary to meet national security concerns of the United States and for notifying the Secretary and the Landsat Program Management promptly of such conditions. **(b) Consultation With Secretary of State.—** (1) **In general.—** — The Secretary and the Landsat Program Management shall consult with the Secretary of State on all matters under this chapter affecting international obligations. The Secretary of State shall be responsible for determining those conditions, consistent with this chapter, necessary to meet international obligations and policies of the United States and for notifying promptly the Secretary and the Landsat Program Management of such conditions. (2) **International aid.—** — Appropriate United States Government agencies are authorized and encouraged to provide remote sensing data, technology, and training to developing nations as a component of programs of international aid. (3) **Reporting discriminatory distribution.—** — The Secretary of State shall promptly report to the Secretary and Landsat Program Management any instances outside the United States of discriminatory distribution of Landsat data. **(c) Status Report.—** The Landsat Program Management shall, as often as necessary, provide to Congress complete and updated information about the status of ongoing operations of the Landsat system, including timely notification of decisions made with respect to the Landsat system in order to meet national security concerns and internat

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51 U.S.C. § 60143 — Nonreproduction

Unenhanced data distributed by any licensee under subchapter III may be sold on the condition that such data will not be reproduced or disseminated by the purchaser for commercial purposes.

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51 U.S.C. § 60146 — Radio frequency allocation

**(a) Application to Federal Communications Commission.—** To the extent required by the Communications Act of 1934 ([47 U.S.C. 151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title47-section151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), an application shall be filed with the Federal Communications Commission for any radio facilities involved with commercial remote sensing space systems licensed under subchapter III. **(b) Deadline for FCC Action.—** It is the intent of Congress that the Federal Communications Commission complete the radio licensing process under the Communications Act of 1934 ([47 U.S.C. 151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title47-section151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), upon the application of any private sector party or consortium operator of any commercial land remote sensing space system subject to this chapter, within 120 days of the receipt of an application for such licensing. If final action has not occurred within 120 days of the receipt of such an application, the Federal Communications Commission shall inform the applicant of any pending issues and of actions required to resolve them. **(c) Development and Construction of United States Systems.—** Authority shall not be required from the Federal Communications Commission for the development and construction of any United States land remote sensing space system (or component thereof), other than radio transmitting facilities or components, while any licensing determination is being made. **(d) Consistency With International Obligations and Public Interest.—** Frequency allocations made pursuant to this section by the Federal Communications Commission shall be consistent with international obligations and with the public interest.

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51 U.S.C. § 60144 — Reimbursement for assistance

The Administrator, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of other United States Government agencies may provide assistance to land remote sensing system operators under the provisions of this chapter. Substantial assistance shall be reimbursed by the operator, except as otherwise provided by law.

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51 U.S.C. § 60141 — Nondiscriminatory data availability

**(a) In General.—** Except as provided in subsection (b), any unenhanced data generated by the Landsat system or any other land remote sensing system funded and owned by the United States Government shall be made available to all users without preference, bias, or any other special arrangement (except on the basis of national security concerns pursuant to [section 60146 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60146&num=0&edition=prelim)) regarding delivery, format, pricing, or technical considerations which would favor one customer or class of customers over another. **(b) Exceptions.—** Unenhanced data generated by the Landsat system or any other land remote sensing system funded and owned by the United States Government may be made available to the United States Government and its affiliated users at reduced prices, in accordance with this chapter, on the condition that such unenhanced data are used solely for noncommercial purposes.

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51 U.S.C. § 60148 — Enforcement

**(a) In General.—** In order to ensure that unenhanced data from the Landsat system received solely for noncommercial purposes are not used for any commercial purpose, the Secretary (in collaboration with private sector entities responsible for the marketing and distribution of unenhanced data generated by the Landsat system) shall develop and implement a system for enforcing this prohibition, in the event that unenhanced data from the Landsat system are made available for noncommercial purposes at a different price than such data are made available for other purposes. **(b) Authority of Secretary.—** Subject to subsection (d), the Secretary may impose any of the enforcement mechanisms described in subsection (c) against a person that— (1) receives unenhanced data from the Landsat system under this chapter solely for noncommercial purposes (and at a different price than the price at which such data are made available for other purposes); and (2) uses such data for other than noncommercial purposes. **(c) Enforcement Mechanisms.—** Enforcement mechanisms referred to in subsection (b) may include civil penalties of not more than $10,000 (per day per violation), denial of further unenhanced data purchasing privileges, and any other penalties or restrictions the Secretary considers necessary to ensure, to the greatest extent practicable, that unenhanced data provided for noncommercial purposes are not used to unfairly compete in the commercial market against private sector entities not eligible for data at the cost of fulfilling user requests. **(d) Procedures and Regulations.—** The Secretary shall issue any regulations necessary to carry out this section and shall establish standards and procedures governing the imposition of enforcement mechanisms under subsection

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51 U.S.C. § 60145 — Acquisition of equipment

The Landsat Program Management may, by means of a competitive process, allow a licensee under subchapter III or any other private party to buy, lease, or otherwise acquire the use of equipment from the Landsat system, when such equipment is no longer needed for the operation of such system or for the sale of data from such system. Officials of other United States Government civilian agencies are authorized and encouraged to cooperate with the Secretary in carrying out this section.

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5 U.S.C. § 552 — Public information; agency rules, opinions, orders, records, and proceedings

**(a)** Each agency shall make available to the public information as follows: (1) Each agency shall separately state and currently publish in the Federal Register for the guidance of the public— (A) descriptions of its central and field organization and the established places at which, the employees (and in the case of a uniformed service, the members) from whom, and the methods whereby, the public may obtain information, make submittals or requests, or obtain decisions; (B) statements of the general course and method by which its functions are channeled and determined, including the nature and requirements of all formal and informal procedures available; (C) rules of procedure, descriptions of forms available or the places at which forms may be obtained, and instructions as to the scope and contents of all papers, reports, or examinations; (D) substantive rules of general applicability adopted as authorized by law, and statements of general policy or interpretations of general applicability formulated and adopted by the agency; and (E) each amendment, revision, or repeal of the foregoing. Except to the extent that a person has actual and timely notice of the terms thereof, a person may not in any manner be required to resort to, or be adversely affected by, a matter required to be published in the Federal Register and not so published. For the purpose of this paragraph, matter reasonably available to the class of persons affected thereby is deemed published in the Federal Register when incorporated by reference therein with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register. (2) Each agency, in accordance with published rules, shall make available for public inspection in an electronic format— (A) final opinions, including concurring and dissen

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

51 U.S.C. § 50919 — Relationship to other executive agencies, laws, and international obligations

**(a) Executive Agencies.—** Except as provided in this chapter, a person is not required to obtain from an executive agency a license, approval, waiver, or exemption to launch a launch vehicle or operate a launch site or reentry site, or to reenter a reentry vehicle. **(b) Federal Communications Commission and Secretary of Commerce.—** This chapter does not affect the authority of— (1) the Federal Communications Commission under the Communications Act of 1934 ([47 U.S.C. 151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title47-section151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); or (2) the Secretary of Commerce under chapter 601 of this title. **(c) States and Political Subdivisions.—** A State or political subdivision of a State— (1) may not adopt or have in effect a law, regulation, standard, or order inconsistent with this chapter; but (2) may adopt or have in effect a law, regulation, standard, or order consistent with this chapter that is in addition to or more stringent than a requirement of, or regulation prescribed under, this chapter. **(d) Consultation.—** The Secretary of Transportation is encouraged to consult with a State to simplify and expedite the approval of a space launch or reentry activity. **(e) Foreign Countries.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall— (1) carry out this chapter consistent with an obligation the United States Government assumes in a treaty, convention, or agreement in force between the Government and the government of a foreign country; and (2) consider applicable laws and requirements of a foreign country when carrying out this chapter. **(f) Launch Not an Export; Reentry Not an Import.—** A launch vehicle, reentry vehicle, or payload that is launched or reentered is not, because of the launch or reentry, an e

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