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34 U.S.C. § 12331 — Confidentiality of abused person’s address
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Regulations** Not later than 90 days after September 13, 1994, the United States Postal Service shall promulgate regulations to secure the confidentiality of domestic violence shelters and abused persons’ addresses.
**(b) Requirements** The regulations under subsection (a) shall require—
(1) in the case of an individual, the presentation to an appropriate postal official of a valid, outstanding protection order; and
(2) in the case of a domestic violence shelter, the presentation to an appropriate postal authority of proof from a State domestic violence coalition that meets the requirements of section 10410 11 See References in Text note below. of title 42 verifying that the organization is a domestic violence shelter.
**(c) Disclosure for certain purposes** The regulations under subsection (a) shall not prohibit the disclosure of addresses to State or Federal agencies for legitimate law enforcement or other governmental purposes.
**(d) Existing compilations** Compilations of addresses existing at the time at which order is presented to an appropriate postal official shall be excluded from the scope of the regulations under subsection (a).
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-34/section-12331-confidentiality-of-abused-persons-address--9c27cf7ff3.md
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Source location: Title 34, Chapter 121, § 12331; chapter-121-violent-crime-control-and-law-enforcement.md
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**(a) Regulations** Not later than 90 days after September 13, 1994, the United States Postal Service shall promulgate regulations to secure the confidentiality of domestic violence shelters and abused persons’ addresses.
**(b) Requirements** The regulations under subsection (a) shall require—
(1) in the case of an individual, the presentation to an appropriate postal official of a valid, outstanding protection order; and
(2) in the case of a domestic violence shelter, the presentation to an appropriate postal authority of proof from a State domestic violence coalition that meets the requirements of section 10410 11 See References in Text note below. of title 42 verifying that the organization is a domestic violence shelter.
**(c) Disclosure for certain purposes** The regulations under subsection (a) shall not prohibit the disclosure of addresses to State or Federal agencies for legitimate law enforcement or other governmental purposes.
**(d) Existing compilations** Compilations of addresses existing at the time at which order is presented to an appropriate postal official shall be excluded from the scope of the regulations under subsection (a).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section 13943 was editorially reclassified as [section 12313 of Title 34](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title34-section12313&num=0&edition=prelim), Crime Control and Law Enforcement.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 13951
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Grants** The Secretary shall award grants for the funding of State Domestic Violence Coalitions.
**(b) Allotment of funds**
(1) **In general** — From the amount appropriated under [section 10403(a)(2)(D) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section10403/a/2/D&num=0&edition=prelim) for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and each of the covered territories an amount equal to 1⁄56 of the amount so appropriated for such fiscal year.
(2) **Definition** — For purposes of this subsection, the term “covered territories” means Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
**(c) Application** Each State Domestic Violence Coalition desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary determines to be essential to carry out the objectives of this section. The application submitted by the coalition for the grant shall provide documentation of the coalition’s work, satisfactory to the Secretary, demonstrating that the coalition—
(1) meets all of the applicable requirements set forth in this chapter; and
(2) demonstrates the ability to conduct appropriately all activities described in this section, as indicated by—
(A) documented experience in administering Federal grants to conduct the activities described in subsection (d); or
(B) a documented history of active participation in the activities described in paragraphs (1), (3), (4), and (5) of subsection (d) and a demonstrated capacity to conduct the activities described in subsection (d)(2).
**(d) Use of fund
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 10411
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purpose and grants authorized**
(1) **Purpose** — The purpose of this section is to provide resource information, training, and technical assistance relating to the objectives of this chapter to improve the capacity of individuals, organizations, governmental entities, and communities to prevent family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence and to provide effective intervention services.
(2) **Grants authorized** — From the amounts appropriated under this chapter and reserved under [section 10403(a)(2)(C) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section10403/a/2/C&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary—
(A) shall award grants to eligible entities for the establishment and maintenance of—
(i) 2 national resource centers (as provided for in subsection (b)(1)); and
(ii) at least 7 special issue resource centers addressing key areas of domestic violence, and intervention and prevention (as provided for in subsection (b)(2)); and
(B) may award grants, to—
(i) State resource centers to reduce disparities in domestic violence in States with high proportions of Indian (including Alaska Native) or Native Hawaiian populations (as provided for in subsection (b)(3)); and
(ii) support training and technical assistance that address emerging issues related to family violence, domestic violence, or dating violence, to entities demonstrating related expertise.
**(b) Domestic violence resource centers**
(1) **National resource centers** — In accordance with subsection (a)(2), the Secretary shall award grants to eligible entities for—
(A) a National Resource Center on Domestic Violence, which shall—
(i) offer a comprehensive array of technical assistance and training resources to Federal, State,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 10410
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section 13961 was editorially reclassified as [section 12331 of Title 34](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title34-section12331&num=0&edition=prelim), Crime Control and Law Enforcement.
#### Development of Research Agenda Identified by the Violence Against Women Act of 1994
Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1404, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1514, required the Attorney General to direct the National Institute of Justice, in consultation and coordination with the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the National Academy of Sciences, through its National Research Council, to develop a research agenda based on the recommendations contained in the report entitled “Understanding Violence Against Women” of the National Academy of Sciences and, in consultation with the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, to submit a report to Congress not later than Oct. 28, 2000, which was to include a description of the research agenda, a plan to implement the agenda, and recommendations for priorities in carrying out the agenda to most effectively advance knowledge about and means by which to prevent or reduce violence against women.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 13962
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 353
TITLE 34—CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
§ 12331
1 See References in Text note below.
(C) consideration of what limitations on
the disclosure of confidential communica-
tions between victims of these crimes and
their counselors, short of an absolute privi-
lege, are most likely to ensure that the
counseling programs will not be undermined,
and specifically whether no such disclosure
should be allowed unless, at a minimum,
there has been a particularized showing by a
criminal defendant of a compelling need for
records of such communications, and ade-
quate procedural safeguards are in place to
prevent unnecessary or damaging disclo-
sures; and
(3) prepare and disseminate to State authori-
ties the findings made and model legislation
developed as a result of the study and evalua-
tion.
(b) Report and recommendations
Not later than the date that is 1 year after
September 13, 1994, the Attorney General shall
report to the Congress—
(1) the findings of the study and the model
legislation required by this section; and
(2) recommendations based on the findings
on the need for and appropriateness of further
action by the Federal Government.
(c) Review of Federal evidentiary rules
The Judicial Conference of the United States
shall evaluate and report to Congress its views
on whether the Federal Rules of Evidence should
be amended, and if so, how they should be
amended, to guarantee that the confidentiality
of communications between sexual assault vic-
tims and their therapists or trained counselors
will be adequately protected in Federal court
proceedings.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40153, Sept. 13, 1994,
108 Stat. 1921.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Federal Rules of Evidence, referred to in subsec.
(c), are set out in the
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 34 U.S.C. § 12331
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