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46 U.S.C. § 50501 — Entities deemed citizens of the United States
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** In this subtitle, a corporation, partnership, or association is deemed to be a citizen of the United States only if the controlling interest is owned by citizens of the United States. However, if the corporation, partnership, or association is operating a vessel in the coastwise trade, at least 75 percent of the interest must be owned by citizens of the United States.
**(b) Additional Requirements for Corporations.—** In this subtitle, a corporation is deemed to be a citizen of the United States only if, in addition to satisfying the requirements in subsection (a)—
(1) it is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State;
(2) its chief executive officer, by whatever title, and the chairman of its board of directors are citizens of the United States; and
(3) no more of its directors are noncitizens than a minority of the number necessary to constitute a quorum.
**(c) Determination of Controlling Corporate Interest.—** The controlling interest in a corporation is owned by citizens of the United States under subsection (a) only if—
(1) title to the majority of the stock in the corporation is vested in citizens of the United States free from any trust or fiduciary obligation in favor of a person not a citizen of the United States;
(2) the majority of the voting power in the corporation is vested in citizens of the United States;
(3) there is no contract or understanding by which the majority of the voting power in the corporation may be exercised, directly or indirectly, in behalf of a person not a citizen of the United States; and
(4) there is no other means by which control of the corporation is given to or permitted to be exercised by a person not a citizen of the United States.
**(d) Determination of 75 Percent Corporate Inter
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_c60bf1da2f25ae86767af28b
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-46/section-50501-entities-deemed-citizens-of-the-united-states--7cdb1309c7.md
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Source location: Title 46, Chapter 505, § 50501; chapter-505-other-general-provisions.md
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**(a) In General.—** In this subtitle, a corporation, partnership, or association is deemed to be a citizen of the United States only if the controlling interest is owned by citizens of the United States. However, if the corporation, partnership, or association is operating a vessel in the coastwise trade, at least 75 percent of the interest must be owned by citizens of the United States.
**(b) Additional Requirements for Corporations.—** In this subtitle, a corporation is deemed to be a citizen of the United States only if, in addition to satisfying the requirements in subsection (a)—
(1) it is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State;
(2) its chief executive officer, by whatever title, and the chairman of its board of directors are citizens of the United States; and
(3) no more of its directors are noncitizens than a minority of the number necessary to constitute a quorum.
**(c) Determination of Controlling Corporate Interest.—** The controlling interest in a corporation is owned by citizens of the United States under subsection (a) only if—
(1) title to the majority of the stock in the corporation is vested in citizens of the United States free from any trust or fiduciary obligation in favor of a person not a citizen of the United States;
(2) the majority of the voting power in the corporation is vested in citizens of the United States;
(3) there is no contract or understanding by which the majority of the voting power in the corporation may be exercised, directly or indirectly, in behalf of a person not a citizen of the United States; and
(4) there is no other means by which control of the corporation is given to or permitted to be exercised by a person not a citizen of the United States.
**(d) Determination of 75 Percent Corporate Interest.—** At least 75 percent of the interest in a corporation is owned by citizens of the United States under subsection (a) only if—
(1) title to at least 75 percent of the stock in the corporation is vested in citizens of the United States free from any trust or fiduciary obligation in favor of a person not a citizen of the United States;
(2) at least 75 percent of the voting power in the corporation is vested in citizens of the United States;
(3) there is no contract or understanding by which more than 25 percent of the voting power in the corporation may be exercised, directly or indirectly, in behalf of a person not a citizen of the United States; and
(4) there is no other means by which control of more than 25 percent of any interest in the corporation is given to or permitted to be exercised by a person not a citizen of the United States.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The President may establish, and from time to time modify, as the needs of the service require, a classification of naval vessels.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 8661
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Incorporation** Three or more individuals (hereinafter in this chapter referred to as “incorporators”), a majority of whom are citizens of the United States, may, as hereinafter in this chapter provided, form a District of Columbia corporation for the purpose of engaging in business within China.
**(b) Articles of incorporation** The incorporators may adopt articles of incorporation which shall be filed with the Secretary at his office in the District of Columbia and may thereupon make application to the Secretary for a certificate of incorporation in such manner and form as shall be by regulation prescribed. The articles of incorporation shall state—
(1) The name of the proposed China Trade Act corporation, which shall end with the legend, “Federal Inc. U.S.A.”, and which shall not, in the opinion of the Secretary, be likely in any manner to mislead the public;
(2) The location of its principal office, which shall be in the District of Columbia;
(3) The particular business in which the corporation is to engage;
(4) The amount of the authorized capital stock, the designation of each class of stock, the terms upon which it is to be issued, and the number and par value of the shares of each class of stock;
(5) The duration of the corporation, which may be perpetual or for a limited period;
(6) The names and addresses of at least three individuals (a majority of whom, at the time of designation and during their term of office, shall be citizens of the United States), to be designated by the incorporators, who shall serve as temporary directors; and
(7) The fact that an amount equal to 25 per centum of the amount of the authorized capital stock has been in good faith subscribed to.
**(c) Prohibited transactions** A China Trade Act corporation shall not engage
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Congressional policy** It is the policy of the Congress to assist in the introduction into the Nation’s transportation fleet of electric and hybrid vehicles and to assure that qualified small business concerns and other qualified borrowers are not excluded from participation in such development due to lack of adequate capital. Accordingly, it is the policy of the Congress to provide guarantees of loans made for such purposes.
**(b) Encouragement of commercial production; purpose of loans** In order to encourage the commercial production of electric and hybrid vehicles, the Secretary of Energy is authorized to guarantee, and to enter into commitments to guarantee, principal and interest on loans made by lenders to qualified borrowers, primarily small business concerns, for the purposes of—
(1) research and development related to electric and hybrid vehicle technology;
(2) prototype development for such vehicles and parts thereof;
(3) construction of capital equipment related to research on, and development and production of, electric and hybrid vehicles and components; or
(4) initial operating expenses associated with the development and production of electric and hybrid vehicles and components.
**(c) Maximum amount of loan guarantee** Any guarantee under this section shall apply only to so much of the principal amount of the loan involved as does not exceed 90 percentum of the aggregate cost of the activity with respect to which the loan is made.
**(d) Terms and conditions of guarantee** Loan guarantees under this section shall be on such terms and conditions as the Secretary of Energy determines, except that a guarantee shall be made under this section only if—
(1) the loan bears interest at a rate not to exceed such annual percent on the principal obliga
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2509
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** As used in this section—
(1) The term “person” means—
(A) any individual who is a citizen or national of the United States or a citizen of the Northern Mariana Islands;
(B) any fishery development foundation or other private nonprofit corporation located in Alaska; and
(C) any corporation, partnership, association, or other entity (including, but not limited to, any fishery development foundation or other private nonprofit corporation not located in Alaska), nonprofit or otherwise, if such entity is a citizen of the United States within the meaning of [section 50501 of title 46](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section50501&num=0&edition=prelim) and for purposes of applying such section 50501 with respect to this section—
(i) the term “State” as used therein includes any State referred to in paragraph (3),
(ii) citizens of the United States must own not less than 75 percent of the interest in the entity or, in the case of a nonprofit entity, exercise control in the entity that is determined by the Secretary to be the equivalent of such ownership, and
(iii) nationals of the United States and citizens of the Northern Mariana Islands shall be treated as citizens of the United States in meeting the ownership and control requirements referred to in clause (ii).
(2) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Commerce.
(3) The term “State” means any State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands of the United States, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other Commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
(4) The term “United States fishery” means any fishery, including any tuna fishery, that is, or may be, engaged in b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization** The Secretary of the Interior is authorized, under such rules and regulations and under such terms and conditions as he may prescribe, to make loans for financing or refinancing of the cost of purchasing, constructing, equipping, maintaining, repairing, or operating new or used commercial fishing vessels or gear.
**(b) Conditions** Any loans made under the provisions of this section shall be subject to the following restrictions:
(1) Bear an interest rate of not less than (a) a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the average market yield on outstanding Treasury obligations of comparable maturity, plus (b) such additional charge, if any, toward covering other costs of the program as the Secretary may determine to be consistent with its purpose.
(2) Mature in not more than ten years, except that where a loan is for all or part of the costs of constructing a new fishing vessel, such period may be fourteen years.
(3) No financial assistance shall be extended pursuant to this section unless reasonable financial assistance applied for is not otherwise available on reasonable terms.
(4) Loans shall be approved only upon the furnishing of such security or other reasonable assurance of repayment as the Secretary may require considering the objectives of this section which are to upgrade commercial fishing vessels and gear and to provide reasonable financial assistance not otherwise available to commercial fishermen. The proposed collateral for a loan must be of such a nature that, when considered with the integrity and ability of the management, and the applicant’s past and prospective earnings, repayment of the loan will be reasonably assured.
(5) The applicant shall possess the ability, experience, resources,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 742c
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization; requirements; scope** If the report of the Secretary submitted pursuant to [section 1521 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section1521&num=0&edition=prelim) affirmatively recommends the establishment of the program and the Congress by law (after review of such recommendation) specifically authorizes the establishment of the program, the Secretary shall establish and implement within six months after the date of the enactment of such authorization a program, in cooperation with the insurance and reinsurance industry, to provide reservoir insurance to qualified eligible applicants in accordance with this section.
**(b) Definitions** For the purpose of this section—
(1) the term “investment” means the expenditure of, and any irrevocable legal obligation to expend, funds (together with the reasonable interest costs thereof) for the purchase or construction of machinery, equipment, and facilities manufactured, or for services contracted to be furnished, for the development and utilization of a geothermal resource in the United States to provide energy in the form of heat for direct use or for generation of electricity;
(2) the term “geothermal resource” means a resource in the United States including (A) all products of geothermal processes embracing indigenous steam, hot water, and hot brines; (B) steam and other gases, hot water and hot brines resulting from water, gas, or other fluids artificially introduced into geothermal formations; (C) heat or other associated energy found in geothermal formations; and (D) any byproducts derived from them, where “byproduct” means any mineral or minerals (exclusive of oil, hydrocarbon gas, and helium) which are found in solution or in association with other geoth
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 1531
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Grant of authority** Rights-of-way through any Federal lands may be granted by the Secretary of the Interior or appropriate agency head for pipeline purposes for the transportation of oil, natural gas, synthetic liquid or gaseous fuels, or any refined product produced therefrom to any applicant possessing the qualifications provided in [section 181 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title30-section181&num=0&edition=prelim) in accordance with the provisions of this section.
**(b) Definitions**
(1) For the purposes of this section “Federal lands” means all lands owned by the United States except lands in the National Park System, lands held in trust for an Indian or Indian tribe, and lands on the Outer Continental Shelf. A right-of-way through a Federal reservation shall not be granted if the Secretary or agency head determines that it would be inconsistent with the purposes of the reservation.
(2) “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior.
(3) “Agency head” means the head of any Federal department or independent Federal office or agency, other than the Secretary of the Interior, which has jurisdiction over Federal lands.
**(c) Inter-agency coordination**
(1) Where the surface of all of the Federal lands involved in a proposed right-of-way or permit is under the jurisdiction of one Federal agency, the agency head, rather than the Secretary, is authorized to grant or renew the right-of-way or permit for the purposes set forth in this section.
(2) Where the surface of the Federal lands involved is administered by the Secretary or by two or more Federal agencies, the Secretary is authorized, after consultation with the agencies involved, to grant or renew rights-of-way or permits through the Federal lands involved.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 185
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Requirements.—** A registry endorsement may be issued for a vessel that satisfies the requirements of [section 12103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section12103&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Authorized Activity.—** A vessel for which a registry endorsement is issued may engage in foreign trade or trade with Guam, American Samoa, Wake, Midway, or Kingman Reef.
**(c) Certain Vessels Owned by Trusts.—**
(1) **Nonapplication of beneficiary citizenship requirement.—** — For the issuance of a certificate of documentation with only a registry endorsement, the beneficiaries of a trust are not required to be citizens of the United States if the trust qualifies under paragraph (2) and the vessel is subject to a charter to a citizen of the United States.
(2) **Requirements for trust to qualify.—**
(A) *In general.—* — Subject to subparagraph (B), a trust qualifies under this paragraph with respect to a vessel only if—
(i) each trustee is a citizen of the United States; and
(ii) the application for documentation of the vessel includes the affidavit of each trustee stating that the trustee is not aware of any reason involving a beneficiary of the trust that is not a citizen of the United States, or involving any other person that is not a citizen of the United States, as a result of which the beneficiary or other person would hold more than 25 percent of the aggregate power to influence or limit the exercise of the authority of the trustee with respect to matters involving any ownership or operation of the vessel that may adversely affect the interests of the United States.
(B) *Authority of non-citizens.—* — If any person that is not a citizen of the United States has authority to direct or participate in
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 46 U.S.C. § 12111
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Requirements.—** A coastwise endorsement may be issued for a vessel that—
(1) satisfies the requirements of [section 12103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section12103&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2)
(A) was built in the United States; or
(B) if not built in the United States—
(i) was captured in war by citizens of the United States and lawfully condemned as prize;
(ii) was adjudged to be forfeited for a breach of the laws of the United States; or
(iii) qualifies as a wrecked vessel under [section 12107 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section12107&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(3) otherwise qualifies under the laws of the United States to engage in the coastwise trade.
**(b) Authorized Activity.—** Subject to the laws of the United States regulating the coastwise trade, a vessel for which a coastwise endorsement is issued may engage in the coastwise trade.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 46 U.S.C. § 12112
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this section:
(1) **Bowaters corporation.—** — The term “Bowaters corporation” means a corporation that has filed a certificate under oath with the Secretary, in the form and at the times prescribed by the Secretary, establishing that—
(A) the corporation is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State;
(B) a majority of the officers and directors of the corporation are individuals who are citizens of the United States;
(C) at least 90 percent of the employees of the corporation are residents of the United States;
(D) the corporation is engaged primarily in a manufacturing or mineral industry in the United States;
(E) the total book value of the vessels owned by the corporation is not more than 10 percent of the total book value of the assets of the corporation; and
(F) the corporation buys or produces in the United States at least 75 percent of the raw materials used or sold in its operations.
(2) **Parent.—** — The term “parent” means a corporation that has filed a certificate under oath with the Secretary, in the form and at the times prescribed by the Secretary, establishing that the corporation—
(A) is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State; and
(B) controls, directly or indirectly, at least 50 percent of the voting stock of a Bowaters corporation.
(3) **Subsidiary.—** — The term “subsidiary” means a corporation that has filed a certificate under oath with the Secretary, in the form and at the times prescribed by the Secretary, establishing that the corporation—
(A) is incorporated under the laws of the United States or a State; and
(B) has at least 50 percent of its voting stock controlled, directly or indirectly, by a Bowaters corporation or its parent.
**(b) Deemed Cit
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 46 U.S.C. § 12118
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