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7 U.S.C. § 1379d — Legislative findings
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Wheat, in addition to being a basic food, is one of the great export crops of American agriculture and its production for domestic consumption and for export is necessary to the maintenance of a sound national economy and to the general welfare. The movement of wheat from producer to consumer, in the form of the commodity or any of the products thereof, is preponderantly in interstate and foreign commerce. Unreasonably low prices of wheat to producers impair their purchasing power for nonagriculture products and place them in a position of serious disparity with other industrial groups. The conditions affecting the production of wheat are such that without Federal assistance, producers cannot effectively prevent disastrously low prices for wheat. It is necessary, in order to assist wheat producers in obtaining fair prices, to regulate the price of wheat used for domestic food and for exports in the manner provided in this part.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_c0c6e1fca57ab8d2213f4ac4
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-1379d-legislative-findings--e459d2f886.md
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Passage SHA-256: 788efe1a09f07afb1a899022d91a1865caad431c4eca9fec37a990b9ad0cb12f
Source location: Title 7, Chapter 35, § 1379d; chapter-035-agricultural-adjustment-act-of-1938.md
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Wheat, in addition to being a basic food, is one of the great export crops of American agriculture and its production for domestic consumption and for export is necessary to the maintenance of a sound national economy and to the general welfare. The movement of wheat from producer to consumer, in the form of the commodity or any of the products thereof, is preponderantly in interstate and foreign commerce. Unreasonably low prices of wheat to producers impair their purchasing power for nonagriculture products and place them in a position of serious disparity with other industrial groups. The conditions affecting the production of wheat are such that without Federal assistance, producers cannot effectively prevent disastrously low prices for wheat. It is necessary, in order to assist wheat producers in obtaining fair prices, to regulate the price of wheat used for domestic food and for exports in the manner provided in this part.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of facilitating the purchase and sale of marketing certificates, the Commodity Credit Corporation is authorized to issue, buy, and sell marketing certificates in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary. Such regulations may authorize the Corporation to issue and sell certificates in excess of the quantity of certificates which it purchases. Such regulations may authorize the Corporation in the sale of marketing certificates to charge, in addition to the face value thereof, an amount determined by the Secretary to be appropriate to cover estimated administrative costs in connection with the purchase and sale of the certificates and estimated interest incurred on funds of the Corporation invested in certificates purchased by it.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1379h
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary shall establish conversion factors which shall be used to determine the amount of wheat contained in any food product. The conversion factor for any such food product shall be determined upon the basis of the weight of wheat used in the manufacture of such product.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1379i
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Secretary is authorized to take such action as he determines to be necessary to facilitate the transition from the program currently in effect to the program provided for in this part. Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, such authority shall include, but shall not be limited to, the authority to exempt all or a portion of the wheat or food products made therefrom in the channels of trade on the effective date of the program under this part from the marketing restrictions in subsection (b) of [section 1379d of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1379d&num=0&edition=prelim), or to sell certificates to persons owning such wheat or food products at such prices as the Secretary may determine. Any such certificate shall be issued by Commodity Credit Corporation.
**(b)** Whenever the face value per bushel of domestic marketing certificates for a marketing year is substantially different from the face value of domestic marketing certificates for the preceding marketing year, the Secretary is authorized to take such action as he determines necessary to facilitate the transition between marketing years. Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, such authority shall include, but shall not be limited to, the authority to sell certificates to persons engaged in the processing of wheat into food products covering such quantities of wheat, at such prices, and under such terms and conditions as the Secretary may by regulation provide. Any such certificate shall be issued by Commodity Credit Corporation.
**(c)** The Secretary is authorized to take such action as he determines to be necessary to facilitate the transition from the certificate program provided for under [section 1379d of this title](http
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1379j
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
This section shall apply to processors of wheat, warehousemen and exporters of wheat and food products, and all persons purchasing, selling, or otherwise dealing in wheat marketing certificates. Any such person shall, from time to time on request of the Secretary, report to the Secretary such information and keep such records as the Secretary finds to be necessary to enable him to carry out the provisions of this part. Such information shall be reported and such records shall be kept in such manner as the Secretary shall prescribe. For the purpose of ascertaining the correctness of any report made or record kept, or of obtaining information required to be furnished in any report, but not so furnished, the Secretary is authorized to examine such books, papers, records, accounts, correspondence, contracts, documents, and memorandums as he has reason to believe are relevant and are within the control of such person.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1380a to 1380p
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Forfeitures; amount; civil action** Any person who knowingly violates or attempts to violate or who knowingly participates or aids in the violation of any of the provisions of subsection (b) of [section 1379d of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1379d&num=0&edition=prelim) shall forfeit to the United States a sum equal to two times the face value of the marketing certificates involved in such violation. Such forfeiture shall be recoverable in a civil action brought in the name of the United States.
**(b) Misdemeanors; punishment** Any person, except a producer in his capacity as a producer, who knowingly violates or attempts to violate or who knowingly participates or aids in the violation of any provision of this part, or of any regulation, governing the acquisition, disposition, or handling of marketing certificates or who knowingly fails to make any report or keep any record as required by [section 1379h of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1379h&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be subject to a fine of not more than $5,000 for each violation.
**(c) Forfeiture of right to receive certificates; payment of face value** Any person who, in his capacity as a producer, knowingly violates or attempts to violate or participates or aids in the violation of any provision of this part, or of any regulation, governing the acquisition, disposition, or handling of marketing certificates or fails to make any report or keep any record as required by [section 1379h of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1379h&num=0&edition=prelim) shall, (i) forfeit any right
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1381 to 1382
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this part including but not limited to regulations governing the acquisition, disposition, or handling of marketing certificates.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1383
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 689
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 1379d
§ 1379d. Marketing restrictions
(a) Transfers of certificates; purchases by Com-
modity Credit Corporation
Marketing certificates shall be transferable
only in accordance with regulations prescribed
by the Secretary. Any unused certificates le-
gally held by any person shall be purchased by
Commodity Credit Corporation if tendered to
the Corporation for purchase in accordance with
regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
(b) Processor and exporter acquisition of domes-
tic and export certificates; international
trade, expansion; refunds or credits for cer-
tificates; exemptions from requirements
During any marketing year for which a wheat
marketing allocation program is in effect, (i) all
persons engaged in the processing of wheat into
food products shall, prior to marketing any such
food product or removing such food product for
sale or consumption, acquire domestic mar-
keting certificates equivalent to the number of
bushels of wheat contained in such product and
(ii) all persons exporting wheat shall, prior to
such export, acquire export marketing certifi-
cates equivalent to the number of bushels so ex-
ported. The cost of the export marketing certifi-
cates per bushel to the exporter shall be that
amount determined by the Secretary on a daily
basis which would make United States wheat
and wheat flour generally competitive in the
world market, avoid disruption of world market
prices, and fulfill the international obligations
of the United States. The Secretary may exempt
from the requirements of this subsection wheat
exported for donation abroad and other non-
commercial exports of wheat, wheat processed
for use on the farm where grown, wheat pro-
duced by a State or agency thereof and proc-
essed for
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 7 U.S.C. § 1379d
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