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18 U.S.C. § 1801 — Video voyeurism

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 1801 — Video voyeurism

**(a)** Whoever, in the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, has the intent to capture an image of a private area of an individual without their consent, and knowingly does so under circumstances in which the individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. **(b)** In this section— (1) the term “capture”, with respect to an image, means to videotape, photograph, film, record by any means, or broadcast; (2) the term “broadcast” means to electronically transmit a visual image with the intent that it be viewed by a person or persons; (3) the term “a private area of the individual” means the naked or undergarment clad genitals, pubic area, buttocks, or female breast of that individual; (4) the term “female breast” means any portion of the female breast below the top of the areola; and (5) the term “under circumstances in which that individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy” means— (A) circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that he or she could disrobe in privacy, without being concerned that an image of a private area of the individual was being captured; or (B) circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that a private area of the individual would not be visible to the public, regardless of whether that person is in a public or private place. **(c)** This section does not prohibit any lawful law enforcement, correctional, or intelligence activity.

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-1801-video-voyeurism--e1567074e7.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 88, § 1801; chapter-088-privacy.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

34 U.S.C. § 20914 — Relevant definitions, including Amie Zyla expansion of sex offender definition and expanded inclusion of child predators

In this subchapter the following definitions apply: (1) **Sex offender** — The term “sex offender” means an individual who was convicted of a sex offense. (2) **Tier I sex offender** — The term “tier I sex offender” means a sex offender other than a tier II or tier III sex offender. (3) **Tier II sex offender** — The term “tier II sex offender” means a sex offender other than a tier III sex offender whose offense is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year and— (A) is comparable to or more severe than the following offenses, when committed against a minor, or an attempt or conspiracy to commit such an offense against a minor: (i) sex trafficking (as described in [section 1591 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1591&num=0&edition=prelim)); (ii) coercion and enticement (as described in [section 2422(b) of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2422/b&num=0&edition=prelim)); (iii) transportation with intent to engage in criminal sexual activity (as described in section 2423(a)) 11 So in original. The second closing parenthesis probably should follow “18”. of title 18; (iv) abusive sexual contact (as described in [section 2244 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2244&num=0&edition=prelim)); (B) involves— (i) use of a minor in a sexual performance; (ii) solicitation of a minor to practice prostitution; or (iii) production or distribution of child pornography; or (C) occurs after the offender becomes a tier I sex offender. (4) **Tier III sex offender** — The term “tier III sex offender” means a sex offender whose offense is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 1801 — Video voyeurism

Page 447 TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE [§ 1821 [amending this section] shall take effect 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 10, 1986].’’ § 1792. Mutiny and riot prohibited Whoever instigates, connives, willfully at- tempts to cause, assists, or conspires to cause any mutiny or riot, at any Federal penal, deten- tion, or correctional facility, shall be impris- oned not more than ten years or fined under this title, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 786; Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 1109(b), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2148; Pub. L. 99–646, § 53(a), Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3607; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(O), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2148.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 252 (May 18, 1934, ch. 303, § 1, 48 Stat. 782). Escape provisions of this section were incorporated in section 752 of this title. Reference to persons causing, procuring, aiding and assisting was omitted. Such persons are principals under section 2 of this title. Minor changes were made in translation and phrase- ology. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted ‘‘fined under this title’’ for ‘‘fined not more than $25,000’’. 1986—Pub. L. 99–646 inserted ‘‘, detention,’’ after ‘‘penal’’. 1984—Pub. L. 98–473 substituted provisions deleting prohibition on bringing dangerous instrumentalities into prison and inserted provision setting forth a max- imum $25,000 fine. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1986 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 99–646, § 53(b), Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3607, pro- vided that: ‘‘The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect 30 days after the enactment of this Act [Nov. 10, 1986].’’ § 1793. Trespass on Bureau

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