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18 U.S.C. § 1962 — Prohibited activities
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** It shall be unlawful for any person who has received any income derived, directly or indirectly, from a pattern of racketeering activity or through collection of an unlawful debt in which such person has participated as a principal within the meaning of section 2, title 18, United States Code, to use or invest, directly or indirectly, any part of such income, or the proceeds of such income, in acquisition of any interest in, or the establishment or operation of, any enterprise which is engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce. A purchase of securities on the open market for purposes of investment, and without the intention of controlling or participating in the control of the issuer, or of assisting another to do so, shall not be unlawful under this subsection if the securities of the issuer held by the purchaser, the members of his immediate family, and his or their accomplices in any pattern or racketeering activity or the collection of an unlawful debt after such purchase do not amount in the aggregate to one percent of the outstanding securities of any one class, and do not confer, either in law or in fact, the power to elect one or more directors of the issuer.
**(b)** It shall be unlawful for any person through a pattern of racketeering activity or through collection of an unlawful debt to acquire or maintain, directly or indirectly, any interest in or control of any enterprise which is engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce.
**(c)** It shall be unlawful for any person employed by or associated with any enterprise engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce, to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of such enterprise’s af
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-1962-prohibited-activities--5f3e0306e3.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 96, § 1962; chapter-096-racketeer-influenced-and-corrupt-organizations.md
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**(a)** It shall be unlawful for any person who has received any income derived, directly or indirectly, from a pattern of racketeering activity or through collection of an unlawful debt in which such person has participated as a principal within the meaning of section 2, title 18, United States Code, to use or invest, directly or indirectly, any part of such income, or the proceeds of such income, in acquisition of any interest in, or the establishment or operation of, any enterprise which is engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce. A purchase of securities on the open market for purposes of investment, and without the intention of controlling or participating in the control of the issuer, or of assisting another to do so, shall not be unlawful under this subsection if the securities of the issuer held by the purchaser, the members of his immediate family, and his or their accomplices in any pattern or racketeering activity or the collection of an unlawful debt after such purchase do not amount in the aggregate to one percent of the outstanding securities of any one class, and do not confer, either in law or in fact, the power to elect one or more directors of the issuer.
**(b)** It shall be unlawful for any person through a pattern of racketeering activity or through collection of an unlawful debt to acquire or maintain, directly or indirectly, any interest in or control of any enterprise which is engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce.
**(c)** It shall be unlawful for any person employed by or associated with any enterprise engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce, to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of such enterprise’s affairs through a pattern of racketeering activity or collection of unlawful debt.
**(d)** It shall be unlawful for any person to conspire to violate any of the provisions of subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The court, in imposing a sentence on a defendant who has been found guilty of an offense described in [section 1962 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1962&num=0&edition=prelim) or in title II or III of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 shall order, in addition to the sentence that is imposed pursuant to the provisions of section 3551, that the defendant forfeit property to the United States in accordance with the provisions of [section 1963 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1963&num=0&edition=prelim) or section 413 of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Control Act of 1970.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** As used in this chapter—
(1) The term “administrator” means the official designated by the Secretary of State pursuant to [section 1104(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1104/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) The term “advocates” includes, but is not limited to, advises, recommends, furthers by overt act, and admits belief in.
(3) The term “alien” means any person not a citizen or national of the United States.
(4) The term “application for admission” has reference to the application for admission into the United States and not to the application for the issuance of an immigrant or nonimmigrant visa.
(5) The term “Attorney General” means the Attorney General of the United States.
(6) The term “border crossing identification card” means a document of identity bearing that designation issued to an alien who is lawfully admitted for permanent residence, or to an alien who is a resident in foreign contiguous territory, by a consular officer or an immigration officer for the purpose of crossing over the borders between the United States and foreign contiguous territory in accordance with such conditions for its issuance and use as may be prescribed by regulations. Such regulations shall provide that (A) each such document include a biometric identifier (such as the fingerprint or handprint of the alien) that is machine readable and (B) an alien presenting a border crossing identification card is not permitted to cross over the border into the United States unless the biometric identifier contained on the card matches the appropriate biometric characteristic of the alien.
(7) The term “clerk of court” means a clerk of a naturalization court.
(8) The terms “Commissioner” and “Deputy Commissioner” mean the Co
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 487
TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
§ 1962
SEPARABILITY
Pub. L. 91–452, title XIII, § 1301, Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat.
962, provided that: ‘‘If the provisions of any part of this
Act [see Short Title of 1970 Amendment note set out
above] or the application thereof to any person or cir-
cumstances be held invalid, the provisions of the other
parts and their application to other persons or cir-
cumstances shall not be affected thereby.’’
RULE OF CONSTRUCTION
Nothing in amendment made by Pub. L. 117–159 to be
construed to allow the establishment of a Federal sys-
tem of registration of firearms, firearms owners, or
firearms transactions or dispositions, see section
12004(k) of Pub. L. 117–159, set out as a note under sec-
tion 922 of this title.
CONGRESSIONAL STATEMENT OF FINDINGS AND PURPOSE
Pub. L. 91–452, § 1, Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat. 922, provided
in part that:
‘‘The Congress finds that (1) organized crime in the
United States is a highly sophisticated, diversified, and
widespread activity that annually drains billions of
dollars from America’s economy by unlawful conduct
and the illegal use of force, fraud, and corruption; (2)
organized crime derives a major portion of its power
through money obtained from such illegal endeavors as
syndicated gambling, loan sharking, the theft and fenc-
ing of property, the importation and distribution of
narcotics and other dangerous drugs, and other forms
of social exploitation; (3) this money and power are in-
creasingly used to infiltrate and corrupt legitimate
business and labor unions and to subvert and corrupt
our democratic processes; (4) organized crime activities
in the United States weaken the stability of the Na-
tion’s economic system, harm innocent investors and
competing organizations,
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