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15 U.S.C. § 31 — Repealed. Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title IV, § 14102(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1921
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, act Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, § 11, 37 Stat. 567, related to closure of Panama Canal to violators of antitrust laws.
#### Effective Date of Repeal
Repeal effective Nov. 2, 2002, and applicable only with respect to cases commenced on or after Nov. 2, 2002, see section 14103 of Pub. L. 107–273, set out as a note under [section 3 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-31-repealed-pub-l-107273-div-c-title-iv-14102-a-nov-2-2002-116-stat-1921--963e2c2d3b.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 1, § 31; chapter-001-monopolies-and-combinations-in-restraint-of-trade.md
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### Statutory Notes
Section, act Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, § 11, 37 Stat. 567, related to closure of Panama Canal to violators of antitrust laws.
#### Effective Date of Repeal
Repeal effective Nov. 2, 2002, and applicable only with respect to cases commenced on or after Nov. 2, 2002, see section 14103 of Pub. L. 107–273, set out as a note under [section 3 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or in restraint of trade or commerce between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia and any State or States or foreign nations, is declared illegal. Every person who shall make any such contract or engage in any such combination or conspiracy, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
**(b)** Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia, and any State or States or foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 43
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 34
AMENDMENTS
1974—Pub. L. 93–528 substituted provisions for appeals
to the court of appeals from civil actions in district
courts where equitable relief is sought, review by the
Supreme Court of judgments of courts of appeals, and
for direct appeals to the Supreme Court of cases involv-
ing general public importance, for provisions that ap-
peals from final judgments of district courts lie to the
Supreme Court only.
1948—Act June 25, 1948, amended section generally to
strike out provisions relating to time for appeal, proce-
dure, etc. See sections 2101 and 2109 of Title 28, Judici-
ary and Judicial Procedure.
1944—Act June 9, 1944, provided for certification of
case to circuit court of appeals when there was no
quorum of Justices of the Supreme Court qualified to
participate in the consideration of the case and for des-
ignation of circuit judges in the event of disqualifica-
tion from hearing the case.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CHANGE OF NAME
Act Mar. 3, 1911, which transferred the powers and du-
ties of the circuit courts to the district courts, sub-
stituted ‘‘district court’’ for ‘‘circuit court’’.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1974 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 93–528, § 7, Dec. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 1710, provided
that: ‘‘The amendment made by section 5 of this Act
[amending this section] shall not apply to an action in
which a notice of appeal to the Supreme Court has been
filed on or before the fifteenth day following the date
of enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 1974]. Appeal in any
such action shall be taken pursuant to the provisions of
section 2 of the Act of February 11, 1903 (32 Stat. 823),
as amended (15 U.S.C. 29; [former] 49 U.S.C. 45) which
were in effect on the day preceding the date of enact-
ment of
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