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42 U.S.C. § 18361 — Maintenance of the United States segment and assurance of continued operations of the International Space Station

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 18361 — Maintenance of the United States segment and assurance of continued operations of the International Space Station

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-18361-maintenance-of-the-united-states-segment-and-assurance-of-continued-oper--9fb7ab54e5.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 159, § 18361; chapter-159-space-exploration-technology-and-science.md

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**(a) In general** The Administrator shall take all actions necessary to ensure the safe and effective operation, maintenance, and maximum utilization of the United States segment of the ISS through at least September 30, 2030. **(b) Vehicle and component review** (1) **In general** — The Administrator shall, as soon as is practicable after October 11, 2010, carry out a comprehensive assessment of the essential modules, operational systems and components, structural elements, and permanent scientific equipment on board or planned for delivery and installation aboard the ISS, including both United States and international partner elements, for purposes of identifying the spare or replacement modules, systems and components, elements, and equipment that are required to ensure complete, effective, and safe functioning and full scientific utilization of the ISS through September 30, 2020.11 See References in Text note below. (2) **Data** — In carrying out the assessment, the Administrator shall assemble any existing data, and provide for the development of any data or analysis not currently available, that is necessary for purposes of the assessment. **(c) Reports** (1) **Report on assessment** (A) *Report required* — Not later than 90 days after October 11, 2010, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the assessment required by subsection (b). (B) *Elements* — The report required by this paragraph shall include, at minimum, the following: (i) A description of the spare or replacement modules, systems and components, elements, and equipment identified pursuant to the assessment that are currently produced, in inventory, or on order, a description of the state of their readiness, and a schedule for their delivery to the ISS (including the planned transportation means for such delivery), including for each such module, system or component, element, or equipment a description of— (I) its specifications, including size, weight, and necessary configuration for launch and delivery to the ISS; (II) its function; (III) its location; and (IV) its criticality for ISS system integrity. (ii) A description of the spare or replacement modules, systems and components, elements, and equipment identified pursuant to the assessment that are not currently produced, in inventory, or on order, including for each such module, system or component, element, or equipment a description of— (I) its specifications, including size, weight, and necessary configuration for launch and delivery to the ISS; (II) its function; (III) its location; (IV) its criticality for ISS system integrity; and (V) the anticipated cost and schedule for its design, procurement, manufacture, and delivery to the ISS. (iii) A detailed summary of the delivery schedule and associated delivery vehicle requirements necessary to transport all spare and replacement elements considered essential for the ongoing and sustained functionality of all critical systems of the ISS, both in and of themselves and as an element of an integrated, mutually dependent essential capability, including an assessment of the current schedule for delivery, the availability of delivery vehicles to meet that schedule, and the likelihood of meeting that schedule through such vehicles. (2) **GAO report** (A) *Report required* — Not later than 90 days after the submittal to Congress under paragraph (1) of the assessment required by subsection (b), the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the assessment. The report shall set forth an evaluation of the assessment by the Comptroller General, including an evaluation of the accuracy and level of confidence in the findings of the assessment. (B) *Cooperation with GAO* — The Administrator shall provide for the monitoring and participation of the Comptroller General in the assessment in a manner that permits the Comptroller General to prepare and submit the report required by subparagraph (A). **(d) Utilization of research facilities and capabilities** Utilization of research facilities and capabilities aboard the ISS (other than exploration-related research and technology development facilities and capabilities, and associated ground support and logistics), shall be planned, managed, and supported as provided in [section 18354 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section18354&num=0&edition=prelim). Exploration-related research and technology development facilities, capabilities, and associated ground support and logistics shall be planned, managed, and supported by the appropriate NASA organizations and officials in a manner that does not interfere with other activities under [section 18354 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section18354&num=0&edition=prelim). **(e) Space Shuttle mission to ISS** (1) **Space Shuttle mission** — The Administrator shall fly the Launch-On-Need Shuttle mission currently designated in the Shuttle Flight Manifest dated February 28, 2010, to the ISS in fiscal year 2011, but no earlier than June 1, 2011, unless required earlier by an operations contingency, and pending the results of the assessment required by paragraph (2) and the determination under paragraph (3)(A). (2) **Assessment of safe means of return** — The Administrator shall provide for an assessment by the NASA Engineering and Safety Center of the procedures and plans developed to ensure the safety of the Space Shuttle crew, and alternative means of return, in the event the Space Shuttle is damaged or otherwise unable to return safely to Earth. (3) **Schedule and payload** — The determination of the schedule and payload for the mission authorized by paragraph (1) shall take into account the following: (A) The supply and logistics delivery requirements of the ISS. (B) The findings of the study required by paragraph (2). (4) **Funds** — Amounts authorized to be appropriated by section 101(2)(B) 1 shall be available for the mission authorized by paragraph (1). **(f) Space Shuttle manifest flight assurance** (1) **In general** — The Administrator shall take all actions necessary to preserve Space Shuttle launch capability through fiscal year 2011 in a manner that enables the launch, at a minimum, of missions and primary payloads in the Shuttle flight manifest as of February 28, 2010. (2) **Continuation of contractor support** — The Administrator may not terminate any contract that provides the system transitions necessary for shuttle-derived hardware to be used on either the multi-purpose crew vehicle described in [section 18323 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section18323&num=0&edition=prelim) or the Space Launch System described in [section 18322 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section18322&num=0&edition=prelim).

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 18354 — Maximum utilization of the International Space Station

**(a) In general** With assembly of the ISS complete, NASA shall take steps to maximize the productivity and use of the ISS with respect to scientific and technological research and development, advancement of space exploration, and international collaboration. **(b) NASA actions** In carrying out subsection (a), NASA shall, at a minimum, undertake the following: (1) **Innovative use of U.S. segment** — The United States segment of the ISS, which has been designated as a National Laboratory, shall be developed, managed and utilized in a manner that enables the effective and innovative use of such facility, as provided in [section 18354 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section18354&num=0&edition=prelim). (2) **International cooperation** — The ISS shall continue to be utilized as a key component of international efforts to build missions and capabilities that further the development of a human presence beyond near-Earth space and advance United States security and economic goals. The Administrator shall actively seek ways to encourage and enable the use of ISS capabilities to support these efforts. (3) **Domestic collaboration** — The operations, management, and utilization of the ISS shall be conducted in a manner that provides opportunities for collaboration with other research programs and objectives of the United States Government in cooperation with commercial suppliers, users, and developers.

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 18354

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 18323 — Human space flight beyond low-Earth orbit

**(a) Findings** Congress makes the following findings: (1) The extension of the human presence from low-Earth orbit to other regions of space beyond low-Earth orbit will enable missions to the surface of the Moon and missions to deep space destinations such as near-Earth asteroids and Mars. (2) The regions of cis-lunar space are accessible to other national and commercial launch capabilities, and such access raises a host of national security concerns and economic implications that international human space endeavors can help to address. (3) The ability to support human missions in regions beyond low-Earth orbit and on the surface of the Moon can also drive developments in emerging areas of space infrastructure and technology. (4) Developments in space infrastructure and technology can stimulate and enable increased space applications, such as in-space servicing, propellant resupply and transfer, and in situ resource utilization, and open opportunities for additional users of space, whether national, commercial, or international. (5) A long term objective for human exploration of space should be the eventual international exploration of Mars. (6) Future international missions beyond low-Earth orbit should be designed to incorporate capability development and availability, affordability, and international contributions. (7) Human space flight and future exploration beyond low-Earth orbit should be based around a pay-as-you-go approach. Requirements in new launch and crew systems authorized in this chapter should be scaled to the minimum necessary to meet the core national mission capability needed to conduct cis-lunar missions. These initial missions, along with the development of new technologies and in-space capabilities can form the foundation for missions to

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 18323

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 18322 — Assurance of core capabilities

**(a) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the ISS, technology developments, the current Space Shuttle program, and follow-on transportation systems authorized by this chapter form the foundation of initial capabilities for missions beyond low-Earth orbit to a variety of lunar and Lagrangian orbital locations; and (2) these initial missions and related capabilities should be utilized to provide operational experience, technology development, and the placement and assured use of in-space infrastructure and in-space servicing of existing and future assets. **(b) Sense of Congress regarding human space flight capability assurance** It is the sense of Congress that the Administrator shall proceed with the utilization of the ISS, technology development, and follow-on transportation systems (including the Space Launch System, multi-purpose crew vehicle, and commercial crew and cargo transportation capabilities) under subchapters II and III of this chapter in a manner that ensures— (1) that these capabilities remain inherently complementary and interrelated; (2) a balance of the development, sustainment, and use of each of these capabilities, which are of critical importance to the viability and sustainability of the U.S. space program; and (3) that resources required to support the timely and sustainable development of these capabilities authorized in either subchapter II or subchapter III of this chapter are not derived from a reduction in resources for the capabilities authorized in the other subchapter. **(c) Limitation** Nothing in subsection (b) shall apply to or affect any capability authorized by any other subchapter of this chapter 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a period.

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 18322

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

51 U.S.C. § 70907 — Maintaining use through at least 2030

**(a) Policy.—** The Administrator shall take all necessary steps to ensure that the International Space Station remains a viable and productive facility capable of potential United States utilization through at least September 30, 2030. **(b) NASA Actions.—** In furtherance of the policy under subsection (a), the Administrator shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that the International Space Station, as a designated national laboratory— (1) remains viable as an element of overall exploration and partnership strategies and approaches; (2) is considered for use by all NASA mission directorates, as appropriate, for technically appropriate scientific data gathering or technology risk reduction demonstrations; and (3) remains an effective, functional vehicle providing research and test bed capabilities for the United States through at least September 30, 2030.

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 51 U.S.C. § 70907

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 18361 — Sense of Congress on the Space Shuttle

Page 9157 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 18362 upmass and downmass capabilities to utilize the ISS research capacity, as available. The Administrator may allocate additional capac- ity to the ISS national laboratory should such capacity be in excess of NASA research re- quirements. (2) Additional research capabilities If any NASA research plan is determined to require research capacity onboard the ISS be- yond the percentage allocated under para- graph (1), such research plan shall be prepared in the form of a requested research oppor- tunity to be submitted to the process estab- lished under this section for the consideration of proposed research within the capacity allo- cated to the ISS national laboratory. A pro- posal for such a research plan may include the establishment of partnerships with non-NASA institutions eligible to propose research to be conducted within the ISS national laboratory capacity. Until at least September 30, 2030, the official or employee designated under sub- section (b) may grant an exception to this re- quirement in the case of a proposed experi- ment considered essential for purposes of pre- paring for exploration beyond low-Earth orbit, as determined by joint agreement between the organization with which the Administrator en- ters into a cooperative agreement under sub- section (a) and the official or employee des- ignated under subsection (b). (3) Research priorities and enhanced capacity The organization with which the Adminis- trator enters into the cooperative agreement shall consider recommendations of the Na- tional Academies Decadal Survey on Biologi- cal and Physical Sciences in Space in estab- lishing research priorities and in developing proposed enhancements of research capacity and opportunities

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 18361

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