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10 U.S.C. § 12643 — Boards for appointment, promotion, and certain other purposes: composition
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as provided in [section 612(a)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section612/a/3&num=0&edition=prelim) and except for boards that may be convened to select Reserves for appointment in the Regular Army, Regular Navy, Regular Air Force, or Regular Marine Corps, each board convened for the appointment, promotion, demotion, involuntary release from active duty, discharge, or retirement of Reserves shall include at least one member of the Reserves, with the exact number of Reserves determined by the Secretary concerned in his discretion.
**(b)** Each member of a board convened for the selection for promotion, or for the demotion or discharge, of Reserves must be senior in rank to the persons under consideration by that board. However, a member serving in a legal advisory capacity may be junior in rank to any person, other than a judge advocate or law specialist, being considered by that board; and a member serving in a medical advisory capacity may be junior in rank to any person, other than a medical officer, being considered by that board.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-12643-boards-for-appointment-promotion-and-certain-other-purposes-composition--45a6e690c5.md
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Source location: Title 10, Chapter 1219, § 12643; chapter-1219-standards-and-procedures-for-retention-and-promotion.md
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**(a)** Except as provided in [section 612(a)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section612/a/3&num=0&edition=prelim) and except for boards that may be convened to select Reserves for appointment in the Regular Army, Regular Navy, Regular Air Force, or Regular Marine Corps, each board convened for the appointment, promotion, demotion, involuntary release from active duty, discharge, or retirement of Reserves shall include at least one member of the Reserves, with the exact number of Reserves determined by the Secretary concerned in his discretion.
**(b)** Each member of a board convened for the selection for promotion, or for the demotion or discharge, of Reserves must be senior in rank to the persons under consideration by that board. However, a member serving in a legal advisory capacity may be junior in rank to any person, other than a judge advocate or law specialist, being considered by that board; and a member serving in a medical advisory capacity may be junior in rank to any person, other than a medical officer, being considered by that board.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The following definitions apply in this title:
(1) The term “United States”, in a geographic sense, means the States and the District of Columbia.
(2) Repealed. Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title X, § 1057(a)(1), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3440.]
(3) The term “possessions” includes the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Guano Islands, so long as they remain possessions, but does not include any Commonwealth.
(4) The term “armed forces” means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and Coast Guard.
(5) The term “uniformed services” means—
(A) the armed forces;
(B) the commissioned corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; and
(C) the commissioned corps of the Public Health Service.
(6) The term “department”, when used with respect to a military department, means the executive part of the department and all field headquarters, forces, reserve components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the department. When used with respect to the Department of Defense, such term means the executive part of the department, including the executive parts of the military departments, and all field headquarters, forces, reserve components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of Defense, including those of the military departments.
(7) The term “executive part of the department” means the executive part of the Department of Defense, Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, or Department of the Air Force, as the case may be, at the seat of government.
(8) The term “military departments” means the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the Air Force.
(9) The term
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The President, through any agency of the Department of Defense designated by him, may arm, have armed, or allow to be armed, any watercraft or aircraft that is capable of being used as a means of transportation on, over, or under water, and is documented, registered, or licensed under the laws of the United States.
**(b)** This section applies during a war and at any other time when the President determines that the security of the United States is threatened by the application, or the imminent danger of application, of physical force by any foreign government or agency against the United States, its citizens, the property of its citizens, or their commercial interests.
**(c)** Section 16 of the Act of March 4, 1909 ([22 U.S.C. 463](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section463&num=0&edition=prelim)) does not apply to vessels armed under this section.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 261
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1001, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 250, 66 Stat. 495, prohibited discrimination between Regulars and reserve components. See [section 10209 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section10209&num=0&edition=prelim), Armed Forces.
Section 1002, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 251, 66 Stat. 495, authorized Secretaries of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and the Treasury, to make and publish regulations. See [section 10202 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section10202&num=0&edition=prelim) and [section 417(a) of Title 37](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title37-section417/a&num=0&edition=prelim), Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services.
Section 1003, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 252, 66 Stat. 496, provided for reserve participation in administration of policy and regulations. See [section 10211 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section10211&num=0&edition=prelim), Armed Forces.
Section 1004, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 253, 66 Stat. 496, related to support of reserve components. See [section 12501 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12501&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1005, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 254, 66 Stat. 496, related to boards, membership of boards, seniority. See [section 12643 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12643&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1006, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 255, 66 Stat. 496, related to availability of supplies, equipment, and facilities. See [section 18502 of Title 10](https://uscode.ho
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 1001 to 1010
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 3692
TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES
§ 12643
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
1002(a) .....
1002(b) .....
50:1192(b) (1st sentence,
less 11th through 29th
words).
50:1181(4).
50:1192(b) (less 1st sen-
tence).
Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1257,
§§ 102(1) (as applicable
to § 202(b)), 102(4),
202(b), 68 Stat. 1149,
1150.
1002(c) .....
50:1181(1) (as applicable
to 50:1192(b)).
50:1192(b) (11th through
29th words of 1st sen-
tence).
In subsection (a), the word ‘‘minimum’’ is omitted as
surplusage. The last sentence is substituted for the
words ‘‘(not to exceed fifty)’’.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2006—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–163 struck out ‘‘and Ter-
ritories’’ after ‘‘States’’.
1994—Pub. L. 103–337, § 1662(h)(2), renumbered section
1002 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–337, § 1675(d)(1)(A), substituted
‘‘12732(a)(2)’’ for ‘‘1332(a)(2)’’.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–337, § 1675(d)(1)(B), substituted
‘‘12645’’ for ‘‘1005’’.
1988—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–456 struck out ‘‘the
Canal Zone,’’ after ‘‘Puerto Rico,’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1994 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–337 effective Dec. 1, 1994,
except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L.
103–337, set out as an Effective Date note under section
10001 of this title.
§ 12643. Boards for appointment, promotion, and
certain other purposes: composition
(a) Except as provided in section 612(a)(3) of
this title and except for boards that may be con-
vened to select Reserves for appointment in the
Regular Army, Regular Navy, Regular Air
Force, or Regular Marine Corps, each board con-
vened for the appointment, promotion, demo-
tion, involuntary release from active duty, dis-
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 10 U.S.C. § 12643
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