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19 U.S.C. § 1332 — Investigations
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Investigations and reports** It shall be the duty of the commission to investigate the administration and fiscal and industrial effects of the customs laws of this country, the relations between the rates of duty on raw materials and finished or partly finished products, the effects of ad valorem and specific duties and of compound specific and ad valorem duties, all questions relative to the arrangement of schedules and classification of articles in the several schedules of the customs law, and, in general, to investigate the operation of customs laws, including their relation to the Federal revenues, their effect upon the industries and labor of the country, and to submit reports of its investigations as hereafter provided.
**(b) Investigations of tariff relations** The commission shall have power to investigate the tariff relations between the United States and foreign countries, commercial treaties, preferential provisions, economic alliances, the effect of export bounties and preferential transportation rates, the volume of importations compared with domestic production and consumption, and conditions, causes, and effects relating to competition of foreign industries with those of the United States, including dumping and cost of production.
**(c) Investigation of Paris Economy Pact** The commission shall have power to investigate the Paris Economy Pact and similar organizations and arrangements in Europe.
**(d) Information for President and Congress** In order that the President and the Congress may secure information and assistance, it shall be the duty of the commission to—
(1) Ascertain conversion costs and costs of production in the principal growing, producing, or manufacturing centers of the United States of articles of the United States, whenever i
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_a151a3db962b31e9d8de2c71
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-19/section-1332-investigations--d0f2fbb58d.md
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Source location: Title 19, Chapter 4, § 1332; chapter-004-tariff-act-of-1930.md
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**(a) Investigations and reports** It shall be the duty of the commission to investigate the administration and fiscal and industrial effects of the customs laws of this country, the relations between the rates of duty on raw materials and finished or partly finished products, the effects of ad valorem and specific duties and of compound specific and ad valorem duties, all questions relative to the arrangement of schedules and classification of articles in the several schedules of the customs law, and, in general, to investigate the operation of customs laws, including their relation to the Federal revenues, their effect upon the industries and labor of the country, and to submit reports of its investigations as hereafter provided.
**(b) Investigations of tariff relations** The commission shall have power to investigate the tariff relations between the United States and foreign countries, commercial treaties, preferential provisions, economic alliances, the effect of export bounties and preferential transportation rates, the volume of importations compared with domestic production and consumption, and conditions, causes, and effects relating to competition of foreign industries with those of the United States, including dumping and cost of production.
**(c) Investigation of Paris Economy Pact** The commission shall have power to investigate the Paris Economy Pact and similar organizations and arrangements in Europe.
**(d) Information for President and Congress** In order that the President and the Congress may secure information and assistance, it shall be the duty of the commission to—
(1) Ascertain conversion costs and costs of production in the principal growing, producing, or manufacturing centers of the United States of articles of the United States, whenever in the opinion of the commission it is practicable;
(2) Ascertain conversion costs and costs of production in the principal growing, producing, or manufacturing centers of foreign countries of articles imported into the United States, whenever in the opinion of the commission such conversion costs or costs of production are necessary for comparison with conversion costs or costs of production in the United States and can be reasonably ascertained;
(3) Select and describe articles which are representative of the classes or kinds of articles imported into the United States and which are similar to or comparable with articles of the United States; select and describe articles of the United States similar to or comparable with such imported articles; and obtain and file samples of articles so selected, whenever the commission deems it advisable;
(4) Ascertain import costs of such representative articles so selected;
(5) Ascertain the grower’s, producer’s, or manufacturer’s selling prices in the principal growing, producing, or manufacturing centers of the United States of the articles of the United States so selected; and
(6) Ascertain all other facts which will show the differences in or which affect competition between articles of the United States and imported articles in the principal markets of the United States.
**(e) Definitions** When used in this subdivision and in subdivision (d)—
(1) The term “article” includes any commodity, whether grown, produced, fabricated, manipulated, or manufactured;
(2) The term “import cost” means the transaction value of the imported merchandise determined in accordance with [section 1401a(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1401a/b&num=0&edition=prelim) plus, when not included in the transaction value, all necessary expenses, exclusive of customs duties, of bringing such merchandise to the United States.
**(f) Omitted**
**(g) Reports to President and Congress** The commission shall put at the disposal of the President of the United States, the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Finance of the Senate, whenever requested, all information at its command, and shall make such investigations and reports as may be requested by the President or by either of said committees or by either branch of the Congress. However, the Commission may not release information which the Commission considers to be confidential business information unless the party submitting the confidential business information had notice, at the time of submission, that such information would be released by the Commission, or such party subsequently consents to the release of the information. The Commission shall report to Congress on the first Monday of December of each year after June 17, 1930, a statement of the methods adopted and all expenses incurred, a summary of all reports made during the year, and a list of all votes taken by the commission during the year, showing those commissioners voting in the affirmative and the negative on each vote and those commissioners not voting on each vote and the reasons for not voting. Each such annual report shall include a list of all complaints filed under [section 1337 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1337&num=0&edition=prelim) during the year for which such report is being made, the date on which each such complaint was filed, and the action taken thereon, and the status of all investigations conducted by the commission under such section during such year and the date on which each such investigation was commenced.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) When requested by a committee of Congress having jurisdiction over receipts or appropriations, the President shall provide the committee with assistance and information.
(2) When requested by a committee of Congress, additional information related to the amount of an appropriation originally requested by an Office of Inspector General shall be submitted to the committee.
**(b)** When requested by a committee of Congress, by the Comptroller General, or by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and the head of each executive agency shall—
(1) provide information on the location and kind of available fiscal, budget, and program information;
(2) to the extent practicable, prepare summary tables of that fiscal, budget, and program information and related information the committee, the Comptroller General, or the Director of the Congressional Budget Office considers necessary; and
(3) provide a program evaluation carried out or commissioned by an executive agency.
**(c)** In cooperation with the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the Secretary, and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Comptroller General shall—
(1) establish and maintain a current directory of sources of, and information systems for, fiscal, budget, and program information and a brief description of the contents of each source and system;
(2) when requested, provide assistance to committees of Congress and members of Congress in obtaining information from the sources in the directory; and
(3) when requested, provide assistance to committees and, to the extent practicable, to members of Congress in evaluating the information obtained from the sources in the directory
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 1113
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Overall trade negotiating objectives** The overall trade negotiating objectives of the United States are to obtain—
(1) more open, equitable, and reciprocal market access;
(2) the reduction or elimination of barriers and other trade-distorting policies and practices; and
(3) a more effective system of international trading disciplines and procedures.
**(b) Principal trade negotiating objectives**
(1) **Dispute settlement** — The principal negotiating objectives of the United States with respect to dispute settlement are—
(A) to provide for more effective and expeditious dispute settlement mechanisms and procedures; and
(B) to ensure that such mechanisms within the GATT and GATT agreements provide for more effective and expeditious resolution of disputes and enable better enforcement of United States rights.
(2) **Improvement of the GATT and multilateral trade negotiation agreements** — The principal negotiating objectives of the United States regarding the improvement of GATT and multilateral trade negotiation agreements are—
(A) to enhance the status of the GATT;
(B) to improve the operation and extend the coverage of the GATT and such agreements and arrangements to products, sectors, and conditions of trade not adequately covered; and
(C) to expand country participation in particular agreements or arrangements, where appropriate.
(3) **Transparency** — The principal negotiating objective of the United States regarding transparency is to obtain broader application of the principle of transparency and clarification of the costs and benefits of trade policy actions through the observance of open and equitable procedures in trade matters by Contracting Parties to the GATT.
(4) **Developing countries** — The principal negotiating objectives of
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 2901
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Unlawful activities; covered industries; definitions**
(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the following are unlawful, and when found by the Commission to exist shall be dealt with, in addition to any other provision of law, as provided in this section:
(A) Unfair methods of competition and unfair acts in the importation of articles (other than articles provided for in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), and (E)) into the United States, or in the sale of such articles by the owner, importer, or consignee, the threat or effect of which is—
(i) to destroy or substantially injure an industry in the United States;
(ii) to prevent the establishment of such an industry; or
(iii) to restrain or monopolize trade and commerce in the United States.
(B) The importation into the United States, the sale for importation, or the sale within the United States after importation by the owner, importer, or consignee, of articles that—
(i) infringe a valid and enforceable United States patent or a valid and enforceable United States copyright registered under title 17; or
(ii) are made, produced, processed, or mined under, or by means of, a process covered by the claims of a valid and enforceable United States patent.
(C) The importation into the United States, the sale for importation, or the sale within the United States after importation by the owner, importer, or consignee, of articles that infringe a valid and enforceable United States trademark registered under the Trademark Act of 1946 [[15 U.S.C. 1051](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1051&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(D) The importation into the United States, the sale for importation, or the sale within the United States after importation by the owner, i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1337
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Generally**
(1) Except as otherwise specifically provided for in this chapter, imported merchandise shall be appraised, for the purposes of this chapter, on the basis of the following:
(A) The transaction value provided for under subsection (b).
(B) The transaction value of identical merchandise provided for under subsection (c), if the value referred to in subparagraph (A) cannot be determined, or can be determined but cannot be used by reason of subsection (b)(2).
(C) The transaction value of similar merchandise provided for under subsection (c), if the value referred to in subparagraph (B) cannot be determined.
(D) The deductive value provided for under subsection (d), if the value referred to in subparagraph (C) cannot be determined and if the importer does not request alternative valuation under paragraph (2).
(E) The computed value provided for under subsection (e), if the value referred to in subparagraph (D) cannot be determined.
(F) The value provided for under subsection (f), if the value referred to in subparagraph (E) cannot be determined.
(2) If the value referred to in paragraph (1)(C) cannot be determined with respect to imported merchandise, the merchandise shall be appraised on the basis of the computed value provided for under paragraph (1)(E), rather than the deductive value provided for under paragraph (1)(D), if the importer makes a request to that effect to the customs officer concerned within such time as the Secretary shall prescribe. If the computed value of the merchandise cannot subsequently be determined, the merchandise may not be appraised on the basis of the value referred to in paragraph (1)(F) unless the deductive value of the merchandise cannot be determined under paragraph (1)(D).
(3) Upon written request the
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1401a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule
The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States is not published in the Code. A current version of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule is maintained and published periodically by the United States International Trade Commission and is available at their website and for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
#### Reference to Tariff Schedules To Be Treated as Reference to Harmonized Tariff Schedule
Reference in any law to “Tariff Schedules of the United States”, “the Tariff Schedules”, “such Schedules”, and any other general reference to the old Schedules to be treated as reference to Harmonized Tariff Schedule, see [section 3012 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section3012&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1202
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Schedule of fees** In addition to any other fee authorized by law, the Secretary of the Treasury shall charge and collect the following fees (subject to adjustment under subsection (l)) for the provision of customs services in connection with the following:
(1) For the arrival of a commercial vessel of 100 net tons or more, $397.
(2) For the arrival of a commercial truck, $5.
(3) For the arrival of each railroad car carrying passengers or commercial freight, $7.50.
(4) For all arrivals made during a calendar year by a private vessel or private aircraft, $25.
(5)
(A) Subject to subparagraph (B), for the arrival of each passenger aboard a commercial vessel or commercial aircraft from a place outside the United States (other than a place referred to in subsection (b)(1)(A)(i) of this section), $5.
(B) For the arrival of each passenger aboard a commercial vessel from a place referred to in subsection (b)(1)(A)(i) of this section, $1.75.
(6) For each item of dutiable mail for which a document is prepared by a customs officer (other than an item subject to a fee under subsection (b)(9)(D)), $5.
(7) For each customs broker permit held by an individual, partnership, association, or corporate customs broker, $125 per year.
(8) For the arrival of a barge or other bulk carrier from Canada or Mexico, $100.
(9)
(A) For the processing of merchandise that is formally entered or released during any fiscal year, a fee in an amount equal to 0.21 11 See Rates for Merchandise Processing Fees notes below. percent ad valorem, unless adjusted under subparagraph (B).
(B)
(i) The Secretary of the Treasury may adjust the ad valorem rate specified in subparagraph (A) to an ad valorem rate (but not to a rate of more than 0.21 1 percent nor less than 0.15 percent) an
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 58c
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Repealed. Pub. L. 96–470, title I, § 103(a), Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2237.
**(b)** The Secretary is authorized to make a report to the President and the Congress, and, when requested by the United States International Trade Commission in connection with [section 1364 of title 19](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1364&num=0&edition=prelim), or when an investigation is made under the Tariff Act of 1930 ([19 U.S.C. 1332](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1332&num=0&edition=prelim)), the Secretary is authorized to make a report to such Commission, concerning the following matters with respect to any fishery product which is imported into the United States, or such reports may be made upon a request from any segment of the domestic industry producing a like or directly competitive product—
(1) whether there has been a downward trend in the production, employment in the production, or prices, or a decline in the sales, of the like or directly competitive product by the domestic industry; and
(2) whether there has been an increase in the imports of the fishery products into the United States, either actual or relative to the production of the like or directly competitive product produced by the domestic industry.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 742h
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority to obtain information** For the purposes of carrying out its functions and duties in connection with any investigation authorized by law, the commission or its duly authorized agent or agents (1) shall have access to and the right to copy any document, paper, or record, pertinent to the subject matter under investigation, in the possession of any person, firm, copartnership, corporation, or association engaged in the production, importation, or distribution of any article under investigation, (2) may summon witnesses, take testimony, and administer oaths, (3) may require any person, firm, copartnership, corporation, or association to produce books or papers relating to any matter pertaining to such investigation, and (4) may require any person, firm, copartnership, corporation, or association, to furnish in writing, in such detail and in such form as the commission may prescribe, information in their possession pertaining to such investigation. Any member of the commission may sign subpenas, and members and agents of the commission, when authorized by the commission, may administer oaths and affirmations, examine witnesses, take testimony, and receive evidence.
**(b) Witnesses and evidence** Such attendance of witnesses and the production of such documentary evidence may be required from any place in the United States at any designated place of hearing. And in case of disobedience to a subpena the commission may invoke the aid of any district or territorial court of the United States in requiring the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of documentary evidence, and such court within the jurisdiction of which such inquiry is carried on may, in case of contumacy or refusal to obey a subpena issued to any corporation or other person, is
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1333
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Congressional findings; directives; disavowal of prior approval of legislation** The Congress finds that barriers to (and other distortions of) international trade are reducing the growth of foreign markets for the products of United States agriculture, industry, mining, and commerce, diminishing the intended mutual benefits of reciprocal trade concessions, adversely affecting the United States economy, preventing fair and equitable access to supplies, and preventing the development of open and nondiscriminatory trade among nations. The President is urged to take all appropriate and feasible steps within his power (including the full exercise of the rights of the United States under international agreements) to harmonize, reduce, or eliminate such barriers to (and other distortions of) international trade. The President is further urged to utilize the authority granted by subsection (b) to negotiate trade agreements with other countries and instrumentalities providing on a basis of mutuality for the harmonization, reduction, or elimination of such barriers to (and other distortions of) international trade. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as prior approval of any legislation which may be necessary to implement an agreement concerning barriers to (or other distortions of) international trade.
**(b) Presidential determinations prerequisite to entry into trade agreements; trade with Israel**
(1) Whenever the President determines that any barriers to (or other distortions of) international trade of any foreign country or the United States unduly burden and restrict the foreign trade of the United States or adversely affect the United States economy, or that the imposition of such barriers is likely to result in such a burden, restriction, or effect, and
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 2114
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment within Executive Office of the President** There is established within the Executive Office of the President the Office of the United States Trade Representative (hereinafter in this section referred to as the “Office”).
**(b) United States Trade Representative; Deputy United States Trade Representatives**
(1) The Office shall be headed by the United States Trade Representative who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. As an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate, any nomination of the United States Trade Representative submitted to the Senate for confirmation, and referred to a committee, shall be referred to the Committee on Finance. The United States Trade Representative shall hold office at the pleasure of the President, shall be entitled to receive the same allowances as a chief of mission, and shall have the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
(2) There shall be in the Office three Deputy United States Trade Representatives, one Chief Agricultural Negotiator, and one Chief Innovation and Intellectual Property Negotiator, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. As an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate, any nomination of a Deputy United States Trade Representative, the Chief Agricultural Negotiator, or the Chief Innovation and Intellectual Property Negotiator submitted to the Senate for its advice and consent, and referred to a committee, shall be referred to the Committee on Finance. Each Deputy United States Trade Representative, the Chief Agricultural Negotiator, and the Chief Innovation and Intellectual Property Negotiator shall hold office at the pleasure of the President and shall have the rank of Amba
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 2192
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