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42 U.S.C. § 9657 — Separability; contribution

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 9657 — Separability; contribution

If any provision of this chapter, or the application of any provision of this chapter to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances and the remainder of this chapter shall not be affected thereby. If an administrative settlement under [section 9622 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9622&num=0&edition=prelim) has the effect of limiting any person’s right to obtain contribution from any party to such settlement, and if the effect of such limitation would constitute a taking without just compensation in violation of the fifth amendment of the Constitution of the United States, such person shall not be entitled, under other laws of the United States, to recover compensation from the United States for such taking, but in any such case, such limitation on the right to obtain contribution shall be treated as having no force and effect.

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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 103, § 9657; chapter-103-comprehensive-environmental-response-compensation-and-liability.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 9601 — Definitions

For purpose of this subchapter— (1) The term “act of God” means an unanticipated grave natural disaster or other natural phenomenon of an exceptional, inevitable, and irresistible character, the effects of which could not have been prevented or avoided by the exercise of due care or foresight. (2) The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. (3) The term “barrel” means forty-two United States gallons at sixty degrees Fahrenheit. (4) The term “claim” means a demand in writing for a sum certain. (5) The term “claimant” means any person who presents a claim for compensation under this chapter. (6) The term “damages” means damages for injury or loss of natural resources as set forth in section 9607(a) or 9611(b) of this title. (7) The term “drinking water supply” means any raw or finished water source that is or may be used by a public water system (as defined in the Safe Drinking Water Act [[42 U.S.C. 300f](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section300f&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]) or as drinking water by one or more individuals. (8) The term “environment” means (A) the navigable waters, the waters of the contiguous zone, and the ocean waters of which the natural resources are under the exclusive management authority of the United States under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act [[16 U.S.C. 1801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and (B) any other surface water, ground water, drinking water supply, land surface or subsurface strata, or ambient air within the United States or under the jurisdiction of the United States. (9) The term “facility” means (A) any building, st

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 9622 — Settlements

**(a) Authority to enter into agreements** The President, in his discretion, may enter into an agreement with any person (including the owner or operator of the facility from which a release or substantial threat of release emanates, or any other potentially responsible person), to perform any response action (including any action described in [section 9604(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9604/b&num=0&edition=prelim)) if the President determines that such action will be done properly by such person. Whenever practicable and in the public interest, as determined by the President, the President shall act to facilitate agreements under this section that are in the public interest and consistent with the National Contingency Plan in order to expedite effective remedial actions and minimize litigation. If the President decides not to use the procedures in this section, the President shall notify in writing potentially responsible parties at the facility of such decision and the reasons why use of the procedures is inappropriate. A decision of the President to use or not to use the procedures in this section is not subject to judicial review. **(b) Agreements with potentially responsible parties** (1) **Mixed funding** — An agreement under this section may provide that the President will reimburse the parties to the agreement from the Fund, with interest, for certain costs of actions under the agreement that the parties have agreed to perform but which the President has agreed to finance. In any case in which the President provides such reimbursement, the President shall make all reasonable efforts to recover the amount of such reimbursement under [section 9607 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?r

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

49 U.S.C. § 11901 — General civil penalties

**(a)** Except as otherwise provided in this section, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Board under this part, an officer or agent of that rail carrier, or a receiver, trustee, lessee, or agent of one of them, knowingly violating this part or an order of the Board under this part is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each violation. Liability under this subsection is incurred for each distinct violation. A separate violation occurs for each day the violation continues. **(b)** A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Board under this part, or a receiver or trustee of that rail carrier, violating a regulation or order of the Board under section 11124(a)(2) or (b) of this title is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $500 for each violation and for $25 for each day the violation continues. **(c)** A person knowingly authorizing, consenting to, or permitting a violation of sections 10901 through 10906 of this title or of a requirement or a regulation under any of those sections, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $5,000. **(d)** A rail carrier, receiver, or operating trustee violating an order or direction of the Board under section 11123 or 11124(a)(1) of this title is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of at least $100 but not more than $500 for each violation and for $50 for each day the violation continues. **(e)** (1) A person required under subchapter III of chapter 111 of this title to make, prepare, preserve, or submit to the Board a record concerning transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Board under this part that does not make, pr

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 6911a — Assistant Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency; appointment, etc.

The Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency appointed to head the Office of Solid Waste shall be in addition to the five Assistant Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency provided for in section 1(d) of Reorganization Plan Numbered 3 of 1970 and the additional Assistant Administrator provided by the Toxic Substances Control Act [[15 U.S.C. 2601](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2601&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], shall be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 6911 — Office of Solid Waste and Interagency Coordinating Committee

**(a) Office of Solid Waste** The Administrator shall establish within the Environmental Protection Agency an Office of Solid Waste (hereinafter referred to as the “Office”) to be headed by an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. The duties and responsibilities (other than duties and responsibilities relating to research and development) of the Administrator under this chapter (as modified by applicable reorganization plans) shall be carried out through the Office. **(b) Interagency Coordinating Committee** (1) There is hereby established an Interagency Coordinating Committee on Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Activities which shall have the responsibility for coordinating all activities dealing with resource conservation and recovery from solid waste carried out by the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, the Department of Commerce, and all other Federal agencies which conduct such activities pursuant to this chapter or any other Act. For purposes of this subsection, the term “resource conservation and recovery activities” shall include, but not be limited to, all research, development and demonstration projects on resource conservation or energy, or material, recovery from solid waste, and all technical or financial assistance for State or local planning for, or implementation of, projects related to resource conservation or energy or material, recovery from solid waste. The Committee shall be chaired by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency or such person as the Administrator may designate. Members of the Committee shall include representatives of the Department of Energy, the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Treasury, and each other Federal agency which the Administrator de

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 1364 — Emergency powers

**(a) Emergency powers** Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the Administrator upon receipt of evidence that a pollution source or combination of sources is presenting an imminent and substantial endangerment to the health of persons or to the welfare of persons where such endangerment is to the livelihood of such persons, such as inability to market shellfish, may bring suit on behalf of the United States in the appropriate district court to immediately restrain any person causing or contributing to the alleged pollution to stop the discharge of pollutants causing or contributing to such pollution or to take such other action as may be necessary. **(b) Repealed. Pub. L. 96–510, title III, § 304(a), Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2809**

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

42 U.S.C. § 9657 — Separability; contribution

Page 7807 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 9658 L. 103–272, § 6(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378, the first sec- tion of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of Title 49, Transportation. AMENDMENTS 1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–499, § 202(a), substituted ‘‘within 30 days after October 17, 1986’’ for ‘‘within nine- ty days after December 11, 1980’’ and inserted ‘‘and reg- ulated’’ before ‘‘as a hazardous material’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–499, § 202(b), inserted ‘‘and reg- ulation’’ after ‘‘prior to the effective date of the list- ing’’. § 9657. Separability; contribution If any provision of this chapter, or the applica- tion of any provision of this chapter to any per- son or circumstance, is held invalid, the applica- tion of such provision to other persons or cir- cumstances and the remainder of this chapter shall not be affected thereby. If an administra- tive settlement under section 9622 of this title has the effect of limiting any person’s right to obtain contribution from any party to such set- tlement, and if the effect of such limitation would constitute a taking without just com- pensation in violation of the fifth amendment of the Constitution of the United States, such per- son shall not be entitled, under other laws of the United States, to recover compensation from the United States for such taking, but in any such case, such limitation on the right to obtain contribution shall be treated as having no force and effect. (Pub. L. 96–510, title III, § 308, Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2811; Pub. L. 99–499, title I, § 122(b), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1688.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 96–510, Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2767, known as the C

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