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16 U.S.C. § 952 — Commissioners
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Commissioners** The United States shall be represented on the Commission by four United States Commissioners. The President shall appoint individuals to serve on the Commission. The United States Commissioners shall be subject to supervision and removal by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary. In making the appointments, the President shall select United States Commissioners from among individuals who are knowledgeable or experienced concerning highly migratory fish stocks in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, one of whom shall be an officer or employee of the Department of Commerce. Not more than two United States Commissioners may be appointed who reside in a State other than a State whose vessels maintain a substantial fishery in the area of the Convention.
**(b) Alternate Commissioners** The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary, may designate from time to time and for periods of time deemed appropriate Alternate United States Commissioners to the Commission. Any Alternate United States Commissioner may exercise, at any meeting of the Commission or of the General Advisory Committee or Scientific Advisory Subcommittee established pursuant to [section 953(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section953/b&num=0&edition=prelim), all powers and duties of a United States Commissioner in the absence of any United States Commissioner appointed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section for whatever reason. The number of such Alternate United States Commissioners that may be designated for any such meeting shall be limited to the number of United States Commissioners appointed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section who will not be present at such meeting.
**(c) Administrativ
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 16, § 952; chapter-016-tuna-conventions.md
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**(a) Commissioners** The United States shall be represented on the Commission by four United States Commissioners. The President shall appoint individuals to serve on the Commission. The United States Commissioners shall be subject to supervision and removal by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary. In making the appointments, the President shall select United States Commissioners from among individuals who are knowledgeable or experienced concerning highly migratory fish stocks in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, one of whom shall be an officer or employee of the Department of Commerce. Not more than two United States Commissioners may be appointed who reside in a State other than a State whose vessels maintain a substantial fishery in the area of the Convention.
**(b) Alternate Commissioners** The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary, may designate from time to time and for periods of time deemed appropriate Alternate United States Commissioners to the Commission. Any Alternate United States Commissioner may exercise, at any meeting of the Commission or of the General Advisory Committee or Scientific Advisory Subcommittee established pursuant to [section 953(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section953/b&num=0&edition=prelim), all powers and duties of a United States Commissioner in the absence of any United States Commissioner appointed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section for whatever reason. The number of such Alternate United States Commissioners that may be designated for any such meeting shall be limited to the number of United States Commissioners appointed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section who will not be present at such meeting.
**(c) Administrative matters**
(1) **Employment status** — Individuals serving as United States Commissioners, other than officers or employees of the United States Government, shall not be considered Federal employees except for the purposes of injury compensation or tort claims liability as provided in chapter 81 of title 5 and chapter 171 of title 28.
(2) **Compensation** — The United States Commissioners or Alternate Commissioners, although officers of the United States while so serving, shall receive no compensation for their services as United States Commissioners or Alternate Commissioners.
(3) **Travel expenses**
(A) The Secretary of State shall pay the necessary travel expenses of United States Commissioners and Alternate United States Commissioners to meetings of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission and other meetings the Secretary of State deems necessary to fulfill their duties, in accordance with the Federal Travel Regulations and sections 5701, 5702, 5704 through 5708, and 5731 of title 5.
(B) The Secretary may reimburse the Secretary of State for amounts expended by the Secretary of State under this subsection.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purposes of this chapter—
(1) The term “depletion” or “depleted” means any case in which—
(A) the Secretary, after consultation with the Marine Mammal Commission and the Committee of Scientific Advisors on Marine Mammals established under subchapter III of this chapter, determines that a species or population stock is below its optimum sustainable population;
(B) a State, to which authority for the conservation and management of a species or population stock is transferred under [section 1379 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1379&num=0&edition=prelim), determines that such species or stock is below its optimum sustainable population; or
(C) a species or population stock is listed as an endangered species or a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 [[16 U.S.C. 1531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1531&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(2) The terms “conservation” and “management” mean the collection and application of biological information for the purposes of increasing and maintaining the number of animals within species and populations of marine mammals at their optimum sustainable population. Such terms include the entire scope of activities that constitute a modern scientific resource program, including, but not limited to, research, census, law enforcement, and habitat acquisition and improvement. Also included within these terms, when and where appropriate, is the periodic or total protection of species or populations as well as regulated taking.
(3) The term “district court of the United States” includes the District Court of Guam, District Court of the Virgin Islands, District Court of Puerto Rico, District Court of the Ca
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Regulations**
(1) The Secretary shall issue regulations, and revise those regulations as may be appropriate, to implement the International Dolphin Conservation Program.
(2)
(A) The Secretary shall issue regulations to authorize and govern the taking of marine mammals in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, including any species of marine mammal designated as depleted under this chapter but not listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act ([16 U.S.C. 1531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1531&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), by vessels of the United States participating in the International Dolphin Conservation Program.
(B) Regulations issued under this section shall include provisions—
(i) requiring observers on each vessel;
(ii) requiring use of the backdown procedure or other procedures equally or more effective in avoiding mortality of, or serious injury to, marine mammals in fishing operations;
(iii) prohibiting intentional sets on stocks and schools in accordance with the International Dolphin Conservation Program;
(iv) requiring the use of special equipment, including dolphin safety panels in nets, monitoring devices as identified by the International Dolphin Conservation Program to detect unsafe fishing conditions that may cause high incidental dolphin mortality before nets are deployed by a tuna vessel, operable rafts, speedboats with towing bridles, floodlights in operable condition, and diving masks and snorkels;
(v) ensuring that the backdown procedure during sets of purse seine net on marine mammals is completed and rolling of the net to sack up has begun no later than 30 minutes before sundown;
(vi) banning the use of explosive devices in all purse
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1563
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 952
1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized.
(Pub. L. 102–440, title II, § 203, Oct. 23, 1992, 106
Stat. 2233.)
§ 943b. Definitions
In this chapter—
(1) ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of the
Interior, acting through the Director of the
United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
(2) ‘‘Great Lakes fish and wildlife’’ means
fauna, fish, and invertebrates dependent on
Great Lakes resources, and located within the
Great Lakes Basin.
(Pub. L. 102–440, title II, § 204, Oct. 23, 1992, 106
Stat. 2233.)
§ 943c. Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to the
Secretary, $250,000 for each of fiscal years 1993
and 1994 to carry out this chapter.
(Pub. L. 102–440, title II, § 205, Oct. 23, 1992, 106
Stat. 2234.)
CHAPTER 16—TUNA CONVENTIONS
Sec.
951.
Definitions.
952.
Commissioners.
953.
General Advisory Committee and Scientific
Advisory Subcommittee.
954.
Repealed.
955.
Rulemaking.
956.
Inspection of returns, records, or other re-
ports.
957.
Violations; fines and forfeitures; application
of related laws.
958.
Cooperation with other agencies.
959.
Enforcement.
960.
Commissions’ functions not restrained by this
chapter or State laws.
961.
Authorization of appropriations.
962.
Reduction of bycatch in eastern tropical Pa-
cific Ocean.
§ 951. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Antigua Convention
The term ‘‘Antigua Convention’’ means the
Convention for the Strengthening of the Inter-
American Tropical Tuna Commission Estab-
lished by the 1949 Convention Between the
United States of America and the Republic of
Costa Rica, signed at Washington, November
14, 2003.
(2) Commission
The term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Inter-
American Tropical Tuna Commission provided
for
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