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10 U.S.C. § 457 — Operational files previously maintained by or concerning activities of National Photographic Interpretation Center: authority to withhold from public disclosure
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority.—** The Secretary of Defense may withhold from public disclosure operational files described in subsection (b) to the same extent that operational files may be withheld under section 701 of the National Security Act of 1947 ([50 U.S.C. 3141](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3141&num=0&edition=prelim)).
**(b) Covered Operational Files.—** The authority under subsection (a) applies to operational files in the possession of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency that—
(1) as of September 22, 1996, were maintained by the National Photographic Interpretation Center; or
(2) concern the activities of the Agency that, as of such date, were performed by the National Photographic Interpretation Center.
**(c) Operational Files Defined.—** In this section, the term “operational files” has the meaning given that term in section 701(b) of the National Security Act of 1947 ([50 U.S.C. 3141(b)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3141/b&num=0&edition=prelim)).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 457
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_965267bf16d07f2d999faa4f
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-457-operational-files-previously-maintained-by-or-concerning-activities-of-n--6f82c97076.md
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Source location: Title 10, Chapter 22, § 457; chapter-022-national-geospatial-intelligence-agency.md
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**(a) Authority.—** The Secretary of Defense may withhold from public disclosure operational files described in subsection (b) to the same extent that operational files may be withheld under section 701 of the National Security Act of 1947 ([50 U.S.C. 3141](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3141&num=0&edition=prelim)).
**(b) Covered Operational Files.—** The authority under subsection (a) applies to operational files in the possession of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency that—
(1) as of September 22, 1996, were maintained by the National Photographic Interpretation Center; or
(2) concern the activities of the Agency that, as of such date, were performed by the National Photographic Interpretation Center.
**(c) Operational Files Defined.—** In this section, the term “operational files” has the meaning given that term in section 701(b) of the National Security Act of 1947 ([50 U.S.C. 3141(b)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3141/b&num=0&edition=prelim)).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Disclosure of information by persons having or having had access to classified information that identifies covert agent** Whoever, having or having had authorized access to classified information that identifies a covert agent, intentionally discloses any information identifying such covert agent to any individual not authorized to receive classified information, knowing that the information disclosed so identifies such covert agent and that the United States is taking affirmative measures to conceal such covert agent’s intelligence relationship to the United States, shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than 15 years, or both.
**(b) Disclosure of information by persons who learn identity of covert agents as result of having access to classified information** Whoever, as a result of having authorized access to classified information, learns the identity of a covert agent and intentionally discloses any information identifying such covert agent to any individual not authorized to receive classified information, knowing that the information disclosed so identifies such covert agent and that the United States is taking affirmative measures to conceal such covert agent’s intelligence relationship to the United States, shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
**(c) Disclosure of information by persons in course of pattern of activities intended to identify and expose covert agents** Whoever, in the course of a pattern of activities intended to identify and expose covert agents and with reason to believe that such activities would impair or impede the foreign intelligence activities of the United States, discloses any information that identifies an individual as a covert agent to any individual not authorized to recei
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 3141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section 425, comprising section 604 of the National Security Act of 1947, act July 26, 1947, ch. 343, was editorially reclassified as [section 3125 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3125&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 431
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 475
TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES
§ 457
of that section not later than 90 days after Aug. 14,
1991.
§ 456. Civil actions barred
No civil action may be brought against the
United States on the basis of the content of
geospatial information prepared or disseminated
by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title X, § 1074(b),
Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2861, § 2798; renumbered § 456
and amended Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XI,
§ 1112(b), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2682; Pub. L.
108–136, div. A, title IX, § 921(d)(2)(A), Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat. 1568; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title
XVI, § 1621(e), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4053.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2021—Pub. L. 116–283 added text of section and struck
out former text which read as follows:
‘‘(a) CLAIMS BARRED.—No civil action may be brought
against the United States on the basis of the content of
a navigational aid prepared or disseminated by the Na-
tional Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
‘‘(b) NAVIGATIONAL AIDS COVERED.—Subsection (a) ap-
plies with respect to a navigational aid in the form of
a map, a chart, or a publication and any other form or
medium of product or information in which the Na-
tional Geospatial-Intelligence Agency prepares or dis-
seminates navigational aids.’’
2003—Pub.
L.
108–136
substituted
‘‘National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agency’’ for ‘‘National Imagery
and Mapping Agency’’ wherever appearing.
1996—Pub. L. 104–201 renumbered section 2798 of this
title as this section and substituted ‘‘National Imagery
and Mapping Agency’’ for ‘‘Defense Mapping Agency’’
wherever appearing.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 104–201 effective Oct. 1, 1996,
see section 1124 of Pub. L.
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 10 U.S.C. § 457
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 696
TITLE 50—WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
§ 3141
ing thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security,
and for treatment of related references, see sections
468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Secu-
rity, and the Department of Homeland Security Reor-
ganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set
out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
Executive Documents
TERMINATION OF TRUST TERRITORY OF THE PACIFIC
ISLANDS
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Is-
lands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title
48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
SUBCHAPTER V—PROTECTION OF
OPERATIONAL FILES
§ 3141. Operational files of the Central Intel-
ligence Agency
(a) Exemption by Director of Central Intelligence
Agency
The Director of the Central Intelligence Agen-
cy, with the coordination of the Director of Na-
tional Intelligence, may exempt operational
files of the Central Intelligence Agency from the
provisions of section 552 of title 5 (Freedom of
Information Act) which require publication or
disclosure, or search or review in connection
therewith.
(b) ‘‘Operational files’’ defined
In this section, the term ‘‘operational files’’
means—
(1) files of the National Clandestine Service
which document the conduct of foreign intel-
ligence or counterintelligence operations or
intelligence or security liaison arrangements
or information exchanges with foreign govern-
ments or their intelligence or security serv-
ices;
(2) files of the Directorate for Science and
Technology which document the means by
which foreign intelligence or counterintel-
ligence is collected through scientific and
technical systems; and
(3) files of the Office of Personnel Security
which document investigations conducted to
determine the suit
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 50 U.S.C. § 3141
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 50 U.S.C. § 3141. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.