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33 U.S.C. § 1367 — Employee protection
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Discrimination against persons filing, instituting, or testifying in proceedings under this chapter prohibited** No person shall fire, or in any other way discriminate against, or cause to be fired or discriminated against, any employee or any authorized representative of employees by reason of the fact that such employee or representative has filed, instituted, or caused to be filed or instituted any proceeding under this chapter, or has testified or is about to testify in any proceeding resulting from the administration or enforcement of the provisions of this chapter.
**(b) Application for review; investigation; hearing; review** Any employee or a representative of employees who believes that he has been fired or otherwise discriminated against by any person in violation of subsection (a) of this section may, within thirty days after such alleged violation occurs, apply to the Secretary of Labor for a review of such firing or alleged discrimination. A copy of the application shall be sent to such person who shall be the respondent. Upon receipt of such application, the Secretary of Labor shall cause such investigation to be made as he deems appropriate. Such investigation shall provide an opportunity for a public hearing at the request of any party to such review to enable the parties to present information relating to such alleged violation. The parties shall be given written notice of the time and place of the hearing at least five days prior to the hearing. Any such hearing shall be of record and shall be subject to [section 554 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section554&num=0&edition=prelim). Upon receiving the report of such investigation, the Secretary of Labor shall make findings of fact. If he finds that
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Source location: Title 33, Chapter 26, § 1367; chapter-026-water-pollution-prevention-and-control.md
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**(a) Discrimination against persons filing, instituting, or testifying in proceedings under this chapter prohibited** No person shall fire, or in any other way discriminate against, or cause to be fired or discriminated against, any employee or any authorized representative of employees by reason of the fact that such employee or representative has filed, instituted, or caused to be filed or instituted any proceeding under this chapter, or has testified or is about to testify in any proceeding resulting from the administration or enforcement of the provisions of this chapter.
**(b) Application for review; investigation; hearing; review** Any employee or a representative of employees who believes that he has been fired or otherwise discriminated against by any person in violation of subsection (a) of this section may, within thirty days after such alleged violation occurs, apply to the Secretary of Labor for a review of such firing or alleged discrimination. A copy of the application shall be sent to such person who shall be the respondent. Upon receipt of such application, the Secretary of Labor shall cause such investigation to be made as he deems appropriate. Such investigation shall provide an opportunity for a public hearing at the request of any party to such review to enable the parties to present information relating to such alleged violation. The parties shall be given written notice of the time and place of the hearing at least five days prior to the hearing. Any such hearing shall be of record and shall be subject to [section 554 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section554&num=0&edition=prelim). Upon receiving the report of such investigation, the Secretary of Labor shall make findings of fact. If he finds that such violation did occur, he shall issue a decision, incorporating an order therein and his findings, requiring the party committing such violation to take such affirmative action to abate the violation as the Secretary of Labor deems appropriate, including, but not limited to, the rehiring or reinstatement of the employee or representative of employees to his former position with compensation. If he finds that there was no such violation, he shall issue an order denying the application. Such order issued by the Secretary of Labor under this subparagraph shall be subject to judicial review in the same manner as orders and decisions of the Administrator are subject to judicial review under this chapter.
**(c) Costs and expenses** Whenever an order is issued under this section to abate such violation, at the request of the applicant, a sum equal to the aggregate amount of all costs and expenses (including the attorney’s fees), as determined by the Secretary of Labor, to have been reasonably incurred by the applicant for, or in connection with, the institution and prosecution of such proceedings, shall be assessed against the person committing such violation.
**(d) Deliberate violations by employee acting without direction from his employer or his agent** This section shall have no application to any employee who, acting without direction from his employer (or his agent) deliberately violates any prohibition of effluent limitation or other limitation under section 1311 or 1312 of this title, standards of performance under [section 1316 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section1316&num=0&edition=prelim), effluent standard, prohibition or pretreatment standard under [section 1317 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section1317&num=0&edition=prelim), or any other prohibition or limitation established under this chapter.
**(e) Investigations of employment reductions** The Administrator shall conduct continuing evaluations of potential loss or shifts of employment which may result from the issuance of any effluent limitation or order under this chapter, including, where appropriate, investigating threatened plant closures or reductions in employment allegedly resulting from such limitation or order. Any employee who is discharged or laid-off, threatened with discharge or lay-off, or otherwise discriminated against by any person because of the alleged results of any effluent limitation or order issued under this chapter, or any representative of such employee, may request the Administrator to conduct a full investigation of the matter. The Administrator shall thereupon investigate the matter and, at the request of any party, shall hold public hearings on not less than five days notice, and shall at such hearings require the parties, including the employer involved, to present information relating to the actual or potential effect of such limitation or order on employment and on any alleged discharge, lay-off, or other discrimination and the detailed reasons or justification therefor. Any such hearing shall be of record and shall be subject to [section 554 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section554&num=0&edition=prelim). Upon receiving the report of such investigation, the Administrator shall make findings of fact as to the effect of such effluent limitation or order on employment and on the alleged discharge, lay-off, or discrimination and shall make such recommendations as he deems appropriate. Such report, findings, and recommendations shall be available to the public. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require or authorize the Administrator to modify or withdraw any effluent limitation or order issued under this chapter.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** For purposes of this section:
(1) The term “standard of performance” means a standard for the control of the discharge of pollutants which reflects the greatest degree of effluent reduction which the Administrator determines to be achievable through application of the best available demonstrated control technology, processes, operating methods, or other alternatives, including, where practicable, a standard permitting no discharge of pollutants.
(2) The term “new source” means any source, the construction of which is commenced after the publication of proposed regulations prescribing a standard of performance under this section which will be applicable to such source, if such standard is thereafter promulgated in accordance with this section.
(3) The term “source” means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be the discharge of pollutants.
(4) The term “owner or operator” means any person who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a source.
(5) The term “construction” means any placement, assembly, or installation of facilities or equipment (including contractual obligations to purchase such facilities or equipment) at the premises where such equipment will be used, including preparation work at such premises.
**(b) Categories of sources; Federal standards of performance for new sources**
(1)
(A) The Administrator shall, within ninety days after October 18, 1972, publish (and from time to time thereafter shall revise) a list of categories of sources, which shall, at the minimum, include:pulp and paper mills; paperboard, builders paper and board mills; meat product and rendering processing; dairy product processing; grain mills; canned and preserved fruits and vegetables processing; canned and
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** This section applies, according to the provisions thereof, in every case of adjudication required by statute to be determined on the record after opportunity for an agency hearing, except to the extent that there is involved—
(1) a matter subject to a subsequent trial of the law and the facts de novo in a court;
(2) the selection or tenure of an employee, except a 11 So in original. administrative law judge appointed under [section 3105 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3105&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) proceedings in which decisions rest solely on inspections, tests, or elections;
(4) the conduct of military or foreign affairs functions;
(5) cases in which an agency is acting as an agent for a court; or
(6) the certification of worker representatives.
**(b)** Persons entitled to notice of an agency hearing shall be timely informed of—
(1) the time, place, and nature of the hearing;
(2) the legal authority and jurisdiction under which the hearing is to be held; and
(3) the matters of fact and law asserted.
When private persons are the moving parties, other parties to the proceeding shall give prompt notice of issues controverted in fact or law; and in other instances agencies may by rule require responsive pleading. In fixing the time and place for hearings, due regard shall be had for the convenience and necessity of the parties or their representatives.
**(c)** The agency shall give all interested parties opportunity for—
(1) the submission and consideration of facts, arguments, offers of settlement, or proposals of adjustment when time, the nature of the proceeding, and the public interest permit; and
(2) to the extent that the parties are unable so to determine a controversy by consent, heari
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Toxic pollutant list; revision; hearing; promulgation of standards; effective date; consultation**
(1) On and after December 27, 1977, the list of toxic pollutants or combination of pollutants subject to this chapter shall consist of those toxic pollutants listed in table 1 of Committee Print Numbered 95–30 of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives, and the Administrator shall publish, not later than the thirtieth day after December 27, 1977, that list. From time to time thereafter, the Administrator may revise such list and the Administrator is authorized to add to or remove from such list any pollutant. The Administrator in publishing any revised list, including the addition or removal of any pollutant from such list, shall take into account toxicity of the pollutant, its persistence, degradability, the usual or potential presence of the affected organisms in any waters, the importance of the affected organisms, and the nature and extent of the effect of the toxic pollutant on such organisms. A determination of the Administrator under this paragraph shall be final except that if, on judicial review, such determination was based on arbitrary and capricious action of the Administrator, the Administrator shall make a redetermination.
(2) Each toxic pollutant listed in accordance with paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be subject to effluent limitations resulting from the application of the best available technology economically achievable for the applicable category or class of point sources established in accordance with sections 1311(b)(2)(A) and 1314(b)(2) of this title. The Administrator, in his discretion, may publish in the Federal Register a proposed effluent standard (which may include a prohibition) establish
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 587
TITLE 33—NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
§ 1367
(h) Civil action by State Governors
A Governor of a State may commence a civil
action under subsection (a), without regard to
the limitations of subsection (b) of this section,
against the Administrator where there is alleged
a failure of the Administrator to enforce an ef-
fluent standard or limitation under this chapter
the violation of which is occurring in another
State and is causing an adverse effect on the
public health or welfare in his State, or is caus-
ing a violation of any water quality requirement
in his State.
(June 30, 1948, ch. 758, title V, § 505, as added Pub.
L. 92–500, § 2, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 888; amended
Pub. L. 100–4, title III, § 314(c), title IV,
§ 406(d)(2), title V, §§ 504, 505(c), Feb. 4, 1987, 101
Stat. 49, 73, 75, 76; Pub. L. 115–282, title IX,
§ 903(c)(3), Dec. 4, 2018, 132 Stat. 4356.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in
subsec. (d), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Ju-
diciary and Judicial Procedure.
AMENDMENTS
2018—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–282 substituted ‘‘(5) a
standard of performance or requirement under section
1322(p) of this title; (6) a certification under section 1341
of this title; (7) a permit or condition of a permit issued
under section 1342 of this title that is in effect under
this chapter (including a requirement applicable by
reason of section 1323 of this title); or (8) a regulation
under section 1345(d) of this title.’’ for ‘‘(5) certification
under section 1341 of this title; (6) a permit or condition
thereof issued under section 1342 of this title, which is
in effect under this chapter (including a requirement
applicable by reason of section 1323 of this title); or (
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