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42 U.S.C. § 12181 — Conformance of accessibility standards
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Accessibility standards included in regulations issued under this subpart shall be consistent with the minimum guidelines issued by the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board under [section 12204(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12204/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12181
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_96218ff2d40d1f2afad8a654
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-12181-conformance-of-accessibility-standards--10d490c5ff.md
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Passage SHA-256: 242f6388f62a28200feed9768efdfd560ba522a24cd798cbf64d17c0ac963b19
Source location: Title 42, Chapter 126, § 12181; chapter-126-equal-opportunity-for-individuals-with-disabilities.md
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Accessibility standards included in regulations issued under this subpart shall be consistent with the minimum guidelines issued by the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board under [section 12204(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12204/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Public transportation programs and activities in existing facilities**
(1) **In general** — With respect to existing facilities used in the provision of designated public transportation services, it shall be considered discrimination, for purposes of [section 12132 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12132&num=0&edition=prelim) and [section 794 of title 29](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section794&num=0&edition=prelim), for a public entity to fail to operate a designated public transportation program or activity conducted in such facilities so that, when viewed in the entirety, the program or activity is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities.
(2) **Exception** — Paragraph (1) shall not require a public entity to make structural changes to existing facilities in order to make such facilities accessible to individuals who use wheelchairs, unless and to the extent required by [section 12147(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12147/a&num=0&edition=prelim) (relating to alterations) or [section 12147(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12147/b&num=0&edition=prelim) (relating to key stations).
(3) **Utilization** — Paragraph (1) shall not require a public entity to which paragraph (2) applies, to provide to individuals who use wheelchairs services made available to the general public at such facilities when such individuals could not utilize or benefit from such services provided at such facilities.
**(b) One car per train rule**
(1) **General rule** — Subject to paragraph (2), with respect to 2 or more vehicles operated as a train
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12161
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The requirements of this section condition contracts entered into using the authorities provided to the Secretary concerned under [section 2872 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2872&num=0&edition=prelim) and other authorities provided under subchapter IV of this chapter and this subchapter.
**(b) Exclusion of Certain Employees.—** A landlord providing a housing unit shall prohibit any employee of the landlord who commits work-order fraud under the contract from doing any work under the contract.
**(c) Dispute Resolution Process.—** Any decision the commander renders in favor of the tenant in the formal dispute resolution process established pursuant to [section 2894 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2894&num=0&edition=prelim) will be taken into consideration in determining whether to pay or withhold all or part of any incentive fees for which a landlord may otherwise be eligible under the contract.
**(d) Responsibility for Certain Medical Costs.—**
(1) **Reimbursement required under certain circumstances.—** — If the Secretary concerned finds that a landlord fails to maintain safe and sanitary conditions for a housing unit under the contract and that, subject to paragraph (2), these conditions result in a tenant of the housing unit receiving medical evaluations and treatment, the landlord shall be responsible for reimbursing the Department of Defense for any costs incurred by the Department to provide the medical evaluations and treatment to the tenant, whether such evaluations and treatment are provided in a military medical treatment facility or through the TRICARE provider network.
(2) **Review process.—** — Before the Secretary
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2891
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) The Secretary shall withhold 50 percent of the apportionment of a State under section 104(b)(1) in any fiscal year in which the State does not permit the use of The Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways within its boundaries by vehicles with a weight of twenty thousand pounds carried on any one axle, including enforcement tolerances, or with a tandem axle weight of thirty-four thousand pounds, including enforcement tolerances, or a gross weight of at least eighty thousand pounds for vehicle combinations of five axles or more.
(2) However, the maximum gross weight to be allowed by any State for vehicles using The Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways shall be twenty thousand pounds carried on one axle, including enforcement tolerances, and a tandem axle weight of thirty-four thousand pounds, including enforcement tolerances and with an overall maximum gross weight, including enforcement tolerances, on a group of two or more consecutive axles produced by application of the following formula:
LN
W=500 AXXXXX+12N+36B
N−1
where W equals overall gross weight on any group of two or more consecutive axles to the nearest five hundred pounds, L equals distance in feet between the extreme of any group of two or more consecutive axles, and N equals number of axles in group under consideration, except that two consecutive sets of tandem axles may carry a gross load of thirty-four thousand pounds each providing the overall distance between the first and last axles of such consecutive sets of tandem axles (1) is thirty-six feet or more, or (2) in the case of a motor vehicle hauling any tank trailer, dump trailer, or ocean transport container before September 1, 1989, is 30 feet or more: Provided, That such ov
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 127
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Basic Program.—**
(1) **Authorization for federal participation.—** — Subject to the provisions of this section, Federal participation shall be permitted on the same basis and in the same manner as construction of toll-free highways is permitted under this chapter in the—
(A) initial construction of a toll highway, bridge, or tunnel or approach to the highway, bridge, or tunnel;
(B) initial construction of 1 or more lanes or other improvements that increase capacity of a highway, bridge, or tunnel (other than a highway on the Interstate System) and conversion of that highway, bridge, or tunnel to a tolled facility, if the number of toll-free lanes, excluding auxiliary lanes, after the construction is not less than the number of toll-free lanes, excluding auxiliary lanes, before the construction;
(C) initial construction of 1 or more lanes or other improvements that increase the capacity of a highway, bridge, or tunnel on the Interstate System and conversion of that highway, bridge, or tunnel to a tolled facility, if the number of toll-free non-HOV lanes, excluding auxiliary lanes, after such construction is not less than the number of toll-free non-HOV lanes, excluding auxiliary lanes, before such construction;
(D) reconstruction, resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation, or replacement of a toll highway, bridge, or tunnel or approach to the highway, bridge, or tunnel;
(E) reconstruction or replacement of a toll-free bridge or tunnel and conversion of the bridge or tunnel to a toll facility;
(F) reconstruction of a toll-free Federal-aid highway (other than a highway on the Interstate System) and conversion of the highway to a toll facility;
(G) reconstruction, restoration, or rehabilitation of a highway on the Interstate System if the number
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 129
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) **Authority of public authorities.—** — A public authority that has jurisdiction over the operation of a HOV facility shall establish the occupancy requirements of vehicles operating on the facility.
(2) **Occupancy requirement.—** — Except as otherwise provided by this section, no fewer than two occupants per vehicle may be required for use of a HOV facility.
**(b) Exceptions.—**
(1) **In general.—** — Notwithstanding the occupancy requirement of subsection (a)(2), the exceptions in paragraphs (2) through (5) shall apply with respect to a public authority operating a HOV facility.
(2) **Motorcycles and bicycles.—**
(A) *In general.—* — Subject to subparagraph (B), the public authority shall allow motorcycles and bicycles to use the HOV facility.
(B) *Safety exception.—*
(i) *In general.—* — A public authority may restrict use of the HOV facility by motorcycles or bicycles (or both) if the authority certifies to the Secretary that such use would create a safety hazard and the Secretary accepts the certification.
(ii) *Acceptance of certification.—* — The Secretary may accept a certification under this subparagraph only after the Secretary publishes notice of the certification in the Federal Register and provides an opportunity for public comment.
(3) **Public transportation vehicles.—** — The public authority may allow public transportation vehicles to use the HOV facility if the authority—
(A) establishes requirements for clearly identifying the vehicles;
(B) establishes procedures for enforcing the restrictions on the use of the facility by the vehicles; and
(C) provides equal access under the same rates, terms, and conditions for all public transportation vehicles and over-the-road buses serving the public.
(4)
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 166
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General rule** No individual shall be discriminated against on the basis of disability in the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations of any place of public accommodation by any person who owns, leases (or leases to), or operates a place of public accommodation.
**(b) Construction**
(1) **General prohibition**
(A) *Activities*
(i) *Denial of participation* — It shall be discriminatory to subject an individual or class of individuals on the basis of a disability or disabilities of such individual or class, directly, or through contractual, licensing, or other arrangements, to a denial of the opportunity of the individual or class to participate in or benefit from the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations of an entity.
(ii) *Participation in unequal benefit* — It shall be discriminatory to afford an individual or class of individuals, on the basis of a disability or disabilities of such individual or class, directly, or through contractual, licensing, or other arrangements with the opportunity to participate in or benefit from a good, service, facility, privilege, advantage, or accommodation that is not equal to that afforded to other individuals.
(iii) *Separate benefit* — It shall be discriminatory to provide an individual or class of individuals, on the basis of a disability or disabilities of such individual or class, directly, or through contractual, licensing, or other arrangements with a good, service, facility, privilege, advantage, or accommodation that is different or separate from that provided to other individuals, unless such action is necessary to provide the individual or class of individuals with a good, service, facility, privilege, ad
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12185
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Application of term** Except as provided in subsection (b), as applied to public accommodations and commercial facilities, discrimination for purposes of [section 12182(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12182/a&num=0&edition=prelim) includes—
(1) a failure to design and construct facilities for first occupancy later than 30 months after July 26, 1990, that are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, except where an entity can demonstrate that it is structurally impracticable to meet the requirements of such subsection in accordance with standards set forth or incorporated by reference in regulations issued under this subchapter; and
(2) with respect to a facility or part thereof that is altered by, on behalf of, or for the use of an establishment in a manner that affects or could affect the usability of the facility or part thereof, a failure to make alterations in such a manner that, to the maximum extent feasible, the altered portions of the facility are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs. Where the entity is undertaking an alteration that affects or could affect usability of or access to an area of the facility containing a primary function, the entity shall also make the alterations in such a manner that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of travel to the altered area and the bathrooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the altered area, are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities where such alterations to the path of travel or the bathrooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the altered area are not disproportionate to the overall alterations in ter
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12186
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General rule** No individual shall be discriminated against on the basis of disability in the full and equal enjoyment of specified public transportation services provided by a private entity that is primarily engaged in the business of transporting people and whose operations affect commerce.
**(b) Construction** For purposes of subsection (a), discrimination includes—
(1) the imposition or application by a 11 So in original. Probably should be “an”. entity described in subsection (a) of eligibility criteria that screen out or tend to screen out an individual with a disability or any class of individuals with disabilities from fully enjoying the specified public transportation services provided by the entity, unless such criteria can be shown to be necessary for the provision of the services being offered;
(2) the failure of such entity to—
(A) make reasonable modifications consistent with those required under [section 12182(b)(2)(A)(ii) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12182/b/2/A/ii&num=0&edition=prelim);
(B) provide auxiliary aids and services consistent with the requirements of [section 12182(b)(2)(A)(iii) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12182/b/2/A/iii&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(C) remove barriers consistent with the requirements of [section 12182(b)(2)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12182/b/2/A&num=0&edition=prelim) and with the requirements of [section 12183(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12183/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) the purchase or lease by such entity of a new vehicle (other than an automobi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12187
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purposes** The Office of Technology Assessment shall undertake a study to determine—
(1) the access needs of individuals with disabilities to over-the-road buses and over-the-road bus service; and
(2) the most cost-effective methods for providing access to over-the-road buses and over-the-road bus service to individuals with disabilities, particularly individuals who use wheelchairs, through all forms of boarding options.
**(b) Contents** The study shall include, at a minimum, an analysis of the following:
(1) The anticipated demand by individuals with disabilities for accessible over-the-road buses and over-the-road bus service.
(2) The degree to which such buses and service, including any service required under sections 12184(b)(4) and 12186(a)(2) of this title, are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities.
(3) The effectiveness of various methods of providing accessibility to such buses and service to individuals with disabilities.
(4) The cost of providing accessible over-the-road buses and bus service to individuals with disabilities, including consideration of recent technological and cost saving developments in equipment and devices.
(5) Possible design changes in over-the-road buses that could enhance accessibility, including the installation of accessible restrooms which do not result in a loss of seating capacity.
(6) The impact of accessibility requirements on the continuation of over-the-road bus service, with particular consideration of the impact of such requirements on such service to rural communities.
**(c) Advisory committee** In conducting the study required by subsection (a), the Office of Technology Assessment shall establish an advisory committee, which shall consist of—
(1) members selected from among priv
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12188
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Transportation provisions**
(1) **General rule** — Not later than 1 year after July 26, 1990, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue regulations in an accessible format to carry out sections 11 So in original. Probably should be “section”. 12182(b)(2)(B) and (C) of this title and to carry out [section 12184 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12184&num=0&edition=prelim) (other than subsection (b)(4)).
(2) **Special rules for providing access to over-the-road buses**
(A) *Interim requirements*
(i) *Issuance* — Not later than 1 year after July 26, 1990, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue regulations in an accessible format to carry out sections 12184(b)(4) and 12182(b)(2)(D)(ii) of this title that require each private entity which uses an over-the-road bus to provide transportation of individuals to provide accessibility to such bus; except that such regulations shall not require any structural changes in over-the-road buses in order to provide access to individuals who use wheelchairs during the effective period of such regulations and shall not require the purchase of boarding assistance devices to provide access to such individuals.
(ii) *Effective period* — The regulations issued pursuant to this subparagraph shall be effective until the effective date of the regulations issued under subparagraph (B).
(B) *Final requirement*
(i) *Review of study and interim requirements* — The Secretary shall review the study submitted under [section 12185 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12185&num=0&edition=prelim) and the regulations issued pursuant to subparagraph (A).
(ii) *Issuance* — Not later than 1 year after the date
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12189
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