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15 U.S.C. § 1122 — Liability of United States and States, and instrumentalities and officials thereof

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1122 — Liability of United States and States, and instrumentalities and officials thereof

**(a) Waiver of sovereign immunity by the United States** The United States, all agencies and instrumentalities thereof, and all individuals, firms, corporations, other persons acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the United States, shall not be immune from suit in Federal or State court by any person, including any governmental or nongovernmental entity, for any violation under this chapter. **(b) Waiver of sovereign immunity by States** Any State, instrumentality of a State or any officer or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity, shall not be immune, under the eleventh amendment of the Constitution of the United States or under any other doctrine of sovereign immunity, from suit in Federal court by any person, including any governmental or nongovernmental entity for any violation under this chapter. **(c) Remedies** In a suit described in subsection (a) or (b) for a violation described therein, remedies (including remedies both at law and in equity) are available for the violation to the same extent as such remedies are available for such a violation in a suit against any person other than the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof, or any individual, firm, corporation, or other person acting for the United States and with authorization and consent of the United States, or a State, instrumentality of a State, or officer or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity. Such remedies include injunctive relief under [section 1116 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1116&num=0&edition=prelim), actual damages, profits, costs and attorney’s fees under [section 1117 of this ti

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-1122-liability-of-united-states-and-states-and-instrumentalities-and-official--ae8c2aa241.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 22, § 1122; chapter-022-trademarks.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1114 — Remedies; infringement; innocent infringement by printers and publishers

(1) Any person who shall, without the consent of the registrant— (a) use in commerce any reproduction, counterfeit, copy, or colorable imitation of a registered mark in connection with the sale, offering for sale, distribution, or advertising of any goods or services on or in connection with which such use is likely to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive; or (b) reproduce, counterfeit, copy, or colorably imitate a registered mark and apply such reproduction, counterfeit, copy, or colorable imitation to labels, signs, prints, packages, wrappers, receptacles or advertisements intended to be used in commerce upon or in connection with the sale, offering for sale, distribution, or advertising of goods or services on or in connection with which such use is likely to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive, shall be liable in a civil action by the registrant for the remedies hereinafter provided. Under subsection (b) hereof, the registrant shall not be entitled to recover profits or damages unless the acts have been committed with knowledge that such imitation is intended to be used to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive. As used in this paragraph, the term “any person” includes the United States, all agencies and instrumentalities thereof, and all individuals, firms, corporations, or other persons acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the United States, and any State, any instrumentality of a State, and any officer or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity. The United States, all agencies and instrumentalities thereof, and all individuals, firms, corporations, other persons acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the Un

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15 U.S.C. § 1118 — Destruction of infringing articles

In any action arising under this chapter, in which a violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, a violation under [section 1125(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/a&num=0&edition=prelim), or a willful violation under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), shall have been established, the court may order that all labels, signs, prints, packages, wrappers, receptacles, and advertisements in the possession of the defendant, bearing the registered mark or, in the case of a violation of [section 1125(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/a&num=0&edition=prelim) or a willful violation under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), the word, term, name, symbol, device, combination thereof, designation, description, or representation that is the subject of the violation, or any reproduction, counterfeit, copy, or colorable imitation thereof, and all plates, molds, matrices, and other means of making the same, shall be delivered up and destroyed. The party seeking an order under this section for destruction of articles seized under [section 1116(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1116/d&num=0&edition=prelim) shall give ten days’ notice to the United States attorney for the judicial district in which such order is sought (unless good cause is shown for lesser notice) and such United States attorney may, if such destruction may affect evidence of an offe

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15 U.S.C. § 1117 — Recovery for violation of rights

**(a) Profits; damages and costs; attorney fees** When a violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office, a violation under section 1125(a) or (d) of this title, or a willful violation under [section 1125(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125/c&num=0&edition=prelim), shall have been established in any civil action arising under this chapter, the plaintiff shall be entitled, subject to the provisions of sections 1111 and 1114 of this title, and subject to the principles of equity, to recover (1) defendant’s profits, (2) any damages sustained by the plaintiff, and (3) the costs of the action. The court shall assess such profits and damages or cause the same to be assessed under its direction. In assessing profits the plaintiff shall be required to prove defendant’s sales only; defendant must prove all elements of cost or deduction claimed. In assessing damages the court may enter judgment, according to the circumstances of the case, for any sum above the amount found as actual damages, not exceeding three times such amount. If the court shall find that the amount of the recovery based on profits is either inadequate or excessive the court may in its discretion enter judgment for such sum as the court shall find to be just, according to the circumstances of the case. Such sum in either of the above circumstances shall constitute compensation and not a penalty. The court in exceptional cases may award reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party. **(b) Treble damages for use of counterfeit mark** In assessing damages under subsection (a) for any violation of [section 1114(1)(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-

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28 U.S.C. § 1254 — Courts of appeals; certiorari; certified questions

Cases in the courts of appeals may be reviewed by the Supreme Court by the following methods: (1) By writ of certiorari granted upon the petition of any party to any civil or criminal case, before or after rendition of judgment or decree; (2) By certification at any time by a court of appeals of any question of law in any civil or criminal case as to which instructions are desired, and upon such certification the Supreme Court may give binding instructions or require the entire record to be sent up for decision of the entire matter in controversy.

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15 U.S.C. § 1116 — Injunctive relief

**(a) Jurisdiction; service** The several courts vested with jurisdiction of civil actions arising under this chapter shall have power to grant injunctions, according to the principles of equity and upon such terms as the court may deem reasonable, to prevent the violation of any right of the registrant of a mark registered in the Patent and Trademark Office or to prevent a violation under subsection (a), (c), or (d) of [section 1125 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1125&num=0&edition=prelim). A plaintiff seeking any such injunction shall be entitled to a rebuttable presumption of irreparable harm upon a finding of a violation identified in this subsection in the case of a motion for a permanent injunction or upon a finding of likelihood of success on the merits for a violation identified in this subsection in the case of a motion for a preliminary injunction or temporary restraining order. Any such injunction may include a provision directing the defendant to file with the court and serve on the plaintiff within thirty days after the service on the defendant of such injunction, or such extended period as the court may direct, a report in writing under oath setting forth in detail the manner and form in which the defendant has complied with the injunction. Any such injunction granted upon hearing, after notice to the defendant, by any district court of the United States, may be served on the parties against whom such injunction is granted anywhere in the United States where they may be found, and shall be operative and may be enforced by proceedings to punish for contempt, or otherwise, by the court by which such injunction was granted, or by any other United States district court in whose jurisdiction the defend

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15 U.S.C. § 1051 — Application for registration; verification

**(a) Application for use of trademark** (1) The owner of a trademark used in commerce may request registration of its trademark on the principal register hereby established by paying the prescribed fee and filing in the Patent and Trademark Office an application and a verified statement, in such form as may be prescribed by the Director, and such number of specimens or facsimiles of the mark as used as may be required by the Director. (2) The application shall include specification of the applicant’s domicile and citizenship, the date of the applicant’s first use of the mark, the date of the applicant’s first use of the mark in commerce, the goods in connection with which the mark is used, and a drawing of the mark. (3) The statement shall be verified by the applicant and specify that— (A) the person making the verification believes that he or she, or the juristic person in whose behalf he or she makes the verification, to be the owner of the mark sought to be registered; (B) to the best of the verifier’s knowledge and belief, the facts recited in the application are accurate; (C) the mark is in use in commerce; and (D) to the best of the verifier’s knowledge and belief, no other person has the right to use such mark in commerce either in the identical form thereof or in such near resemblance thereto as to be likely, when used on or in connection with the goods of such other person, to cause confusion, or to cause mistake, or to deceive, except that, in the case of every application claiming concurrent use, the applicant shall— (i) state exceptions to the claim of exclusive use; and (ii) shall 11 So in original. The word “shall” probably should not appear. specify, to the extent of the verifier’s knowledge— (I) any concurrent use by othe

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 1122 — Liability of United States and States, and

Page 1320 TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE § 1121 (July 5, 1946, ch. 540, title VI, § 38, 60 Stat. 440; Pub. L. 93–596, § 1, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1949.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS Act Feb. 20, 1905, ch. 592, § 25, 33 Stat. 730. AMENDMENTS 1975—Pub. L. 93–596 substituted ‘‘Patent and Trade- mark Office’’ for ‘‘Patent Office’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1975 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 93–596 effective Jan. 2, 1975, see section 4 of Pub. L. 93–596, set out as a note under section 1111 of this title. REPEAL AND EFFECT ON EXISTING RIGHTS Repeal of inconsistent provisions, effect of this chap- ter on pending proceedings and existing registrations and rights under prior acts, see notes set out under sec- tion 1051 of this title. Executive Documents TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS For transfer of functions of other officers, employees, and agencies of Department of Commerce, with certain exceptions, to Secretary of Commerce, with power to delegate, see Reorg. Plan No. 5 of 1950, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in the Appen- dix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employ- ees. § 1121. Jurisdiction of Federal courts; State and local requirements that registered trade- marks be altered or displayed differently; prohibition (a) The district and territorial courts of the United States shall have original jurisdiction and the courts of appeal of the United States (other than the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit) shall have appellate ju- risdiction, of all actions arising under this chap- ter, without regard to the amount in con- troversy or to diversity or lack of diversity of the citizenship of the parties. (b) No State or other jurisdiction of the United States or a

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