19 U.S.C. § 2577 — Subpart definitions

Notwithstanding [section 2571 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2571&num=0&edition=prelim), for purposes of this subpart— (1) **Animal** — The term “animal” includes fish, bees, and wild fauna. (2) **Approval procedure** — The term “approval procedure” means any registration, notification, or other mandatory administrative procedure for— (A) approving the use of an additive for a stated purpose or under stated conditions, or (B) establishing a tolerance for a stated purpose or under stated conditions for a contaminant, in a food, beverage, or feedstuff prior to permitting the use of the additive or the marketing of a food, beverage, or feedstuff containing the additive or contaminant. (3) **Contaminant** — The term “contaminant” includes pesticide and veterinary drug residues and extraneous matter. (4) **Control or inspection procedure** — The term “control or inspection procedure” means any procedure used, directly or indirectly, to determine that a sanitary or phytosanitary measure is fulfilled, including sampling, testing, inspection, evaluation, verification, monitoring, auditing, assurance of conformity, accreditation, registration, certification, or other procedure involving the physical examination of a good, of the packaging of a good, or of the equipment or facilities directly related to production, marketing, or use of a good, but does not mean an approval procedure. (5) **Plant** — The term “plant” includes wild flora. (6) **Risk assessment** — The term “risk assessment” means an evaluation of— (A) the potential for the introduction, establishment or spread of a pest or disease and associated biological and economic consequences; or (B) the potential for adverse effects on human or animal life or health arising from the presence of an additive, contaminant, toxin or disease-causing organism in a food, beverage, or feedstuff. (7) **Sanitary or phytosanitary measure** (A) *In general* — The term “sanitary or phytosanitary measure” means a measure to— (i) protect animal or plant life or health in the United States from risks arising from the introduction, establishment, or spread of a pest or disease; (ii) protect human or animal life or health in the United States from risks arising from the presence of an additive, contaminant, toxin, or disease-causing organism in a food, beverage, or feedstuff; (iii) protect human life or health in the United States from risks arising from a disease-causing organism or pest carried by an animal or plant, or a product thereof; or (iv) prevent or limit other damage in the United States arising from the introduction, establishment, or spread of a pest. (B) *Form* — The form of a sanitary or phytosanitary measure includes— (i) end product criteria; (ii) a product-related processing or production method; (iii) a testing, inspection, certification, or approval procedure; (iv) a relevant statistical method; (v) a sampling procedure; (vi) a method of risk assessment; (vii) a packaging and labeling requirement directly related to food safety; and (viii) a quarantine treatment, such as a relevant requirement associated with the transportation of animals or plants or with material necessary for their survival during transportation.