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5 U.S.C. § 5331 — Definitions; application
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** For the purpose of this subchapter, “agency”, “employee”, “position”, “class”, and “grade” have the meanings given them by [section 5102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section5102&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b)** This subchapter applies to employees and positions to which chapter 51 applies, other than Senior Executive Service positions, positions in the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service, and positions to which section 5376 applies.
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Source location: Title 5, Chapter 53, § 5331; chapter-053-pay-rates-and-systems.md
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**(a)** For the purpose of this subchapter, “agency”, “employee”, “position”, “class”, and “grade” have the meanings given them by [section 5102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section5102&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b)** This subchapter applies to employees and positions to which chapter 51 applies, other than Senior Executive Service positions, positions in the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service, and positions to which section 5376 applies.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** For the purpose of this chapter—
(1) “agency” means—
(A) an Executive agency;
(B) the Library of Congress;
(C) the Botanic Garden;
(D) the Government Publishing Office;
(E) the Office of the Architect of the Capitol; and
(F) the government of the District of Columbia;
but does not include—
(i) a Government controlled corporation;
(ii) the Tennessee Valley Authority;
(iii) the Virgin Islands Corporation;
(iv) the Atomic Energy Commission;
(v) the Central Intelligence Agency;
(vi) the National Security Agency, Department of Defense;
(vii) the Government Accountability Office;
(viii) the Office of the Director of National Intelligence;
(ix) the Defense Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense; or
(x) the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense;
(2) “employee” means an individual employed in or under an agency;
(3) “position” means the work, consisting of the duties and responsibilities, assignable to an employee;
(4) “class” or “class of positions” includes all positions which are sufficiently similar, as to—
(A) kind or subject-matter of work;
(B) level of difficulty and responsibility; and
(C) the qualification requirements of the work;
to warrant similar treatment in personnel and pay administration; and
(5) “grade” includes all classes of positions which, although different with respect to kind or subject-matter of work, are sufficiently equivalent as to—
(A) level of difficulty and responsibility; and
(B) level of qualification requirements of the work;
to warrant their inclusion within one range of rates of basic pay in the General Schedule.
**(b)** Except as provided by subsections (c) and (d) of this section, this chapter applies to all civilian positions and
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 5102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the purpose of this subchapter to establish a Senior Executive Service to ensure that the executive management of the Government of the United States is responsive to the needs, policies, and goals of the Nation and otherwise is of the highest quality. The Senior Executive Service shall be administered so as to—
(1) provide for a compensation system, including salaries, benefits, and incentives, and for other conditions of employment, designed to attract and retain highly competent senior executives;
(2) ensure that compensation, retention, and tenure are contingent on executive success which is measured on the basis of individual and organizational performance (including such factors as improvements in efficiency, productivity, quality of work or service, cost efficiency, and timeliness of performance and success in meeting equal employment opportunity goals);
(3) assure that senior executives are accountable and responsible for the effectiveness and productivity of employees under them;
(4) recognize exceptional accomplishment;
(5) enable the head of an agency to reassign senior executives to best accomplish the agency’s mission;
(6) provide for severance pay, early retirement, and placement assistance for senior executives who are removed from the Senior Executive Service for nondisciplinary reasons;
(7) protect senior executives from arbitrary or capricious actions;
(8) provide for program continuity and policy advocacy in the management of public programs;
(9) maintain a merit personnel system free of prohibited personnel practices;
(10) ensure accountability for honest, economical, and efficient Government;
(11) ensure compliance with all applicable civil service laws, rules, and regulations, including those related to equal employment opportunity
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 3131
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** This section applies to—
(1) positions that are classified above GS–15 pursuant to section 5108; and
(2) scientific or professional positions established under section 3104;
but does not apply to—
(A) any Senior Executive Service position under section 3132; or
(B) any position in the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service under section 3151.
**(b)**
(1) Subject to such regulations as the Office of Personnel Management prescribes, the head of the agency concerned shall fix the rate of basic pay for any position within such agency to which this section applies. A rate fixed under this section shall be—
(A) not less than 120 percent of the minimum rate of basic pay payable for GS–15 of the General Schedule; and
(B) subject to paragraph (3), not greater than the rate of basic pay payable for level III of the Executive Schedule.
The payment of a rate of basic pay under this section shall not be subject to the pay limitation of section 5306(e) or 5373.
(2) Subject to paragraph (1), effective at the beginning of the first applicable pay period commencing on or after the first day of the month in which an adjustment takes effect under section 5303 in the rates of pay under the General Schedule, each rate of pay established under this section for positions within an agency shall be adjusted by such amount as the head of such agency considers appropriate.
(3) In the case of an agency which has a performance appraisal system which, as designed and applied, is certified under section 5307(d) as making meaningful distinctions based on relative performance, paragraph (1)(B) shall apply as if the reference to “level III” were a reference to “level II”.
(4) No employee may suffer a reduction in pay by reaso
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 5376
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Pay disparities shall be identified and reduced as follows:
(1) Comparability payments shall be payable within each locality determined to have a pay disparity greater than 5 percent.
(2)
(A) The localities having pay disparities, and the size of those disparities, shall, for purposes of any comparability payment scheduled to take effect in any calendar year, be determined in accordance with the appropriate report, as prepared and submitted to the President under subsection (d)(1) for purposes of such calendar year.
(B) Any computation necessary to determine the size of the comparability payment to become payable for any locality in a year (as well as any determination as to the size of any pay disparity remaining after that comparability payment is made) shall likewise be made using data contained in the appropriate report (described in subparagraph (A)) so prepared and submitted for purposes of such calendar year.
(3) Subject to paragraph (4), the amount of the comparability payments payable under this subsection in a calendar year within any locality in which a comparability payment is payable shall be computed using such percentage as the President determines for such locality under subsection (d)(2), except that—
(A) the percentage for the first calendar year in which any amounts are payable under this section may not be less than ⅕ of the amount needed to reduce the pay disparity of the locality involved to 5 percent;
(B) the percentage for the second calendar year in which any amounts are payable under this section may not be less than 3⁄10 of the amount needed to reduce the pay disparity of the locality involved to 5 percent;
(C) the percentage for the third calendar year in which any amounts are payable under this section may not be le
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 5304
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the policy of Congress that Federal pay fixing for employees under the General Schedule be based on the principles that—
(1) there be equal pay for substantially equal work within each local pay area;
(2) within each local pay area, pay distinctions be maintained in keeping with work and performance distinctions;
(3) Federal pay rates be comparable with non-Federal pay rates for the same levels of work within the same local pay area; and
(4) any existing pay disparities between Federal and non-Federal employees should be completely eliminated.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 5301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** An employee paid on an annual basis, and occupying a permanent position within the scope of the General Schedule, who has not reached the maximum rate of pay for the grade in which his position is placed, shall be advanced in pay successively to the next higher rate within the grade at the beginning of the next pay period following the completion of—
(1) each 52 calendar weeks of service in pay rates 1, 2, and 3;
(2) each 104 calendar weeks of service in pay rates 4, 5, and 6; or
(3) each 156 calendar weeks of service in pay rates 7, 8, and 9;
subject to the following conditions:
(A) the employee did not receive an equivalent increase in pay from any cause during that period; and
(B) the work of the employee is of an acceptable level of competence as determined by the head of the agency.
**(b)** Under regulations prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management, the benefit of successive step-increases shall be preserved for employees whose continuous service is interrupted in the public interest by service with the armed forces or by service in essential non-Government civilian employment during a period of war or national emergency.
**(c)** When a determination is made under subsection (a) of this section that the work of an employee is not of an acceptable level of competence, the employee is entitled to prompt written notice of that determination and an opportunity for reconsideration of the determination within his agency under uniform procedures prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management. If the determination is affirmed on reconsideration, the employee is entitled to appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board. If the reconsideration or appeal results in a reversal of the earlier determination, the new determination supersedes the earlier de
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 5335
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 587
TITLE 5—GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES
§ 5332
equal to or greater than the rate of basic pay for level
V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of this
title or limited to a maximum rate equal to or greater
than the rate of basic pay for such level V under sec-
tion 5308 of this title or any other provision of law or
congressional resolution.
Similar provisions were contained in Pub. L. 96–369,
§ 101(c), Oct. 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 1352.
FISCAL YEAR 1980 LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR
PAY ADJUSTMENTS FOR CERTAIN POSITIONS
Pub. L. 96–86, § 101(c), Oct. 12, 1979, 93 Stat. 657, for the
fiscal year 1980, prohibited the use of funds available
for payment to executive employees, including Mem-
bers of Congress, entitled under existing law to ap-
proximately 12.9 percent increase in pay, to pay any
such employee or official any sum in excess of 5.5 per-
cent increase in existing pay, and such sum, if accept-
ed, would be in lieu of the 12.9 percent due for such fis-
cal year.
FISCAL YEAR 1979 LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR
PAY ADJUSTMENTS FOR CERTAIN POSITIONS
Pub. L. 95–429, title VI, § 613, Oct. 10, 1978, 92 Stat.
1017, prohibited the use of funds appropriated for the
fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1979, to pay the salary or
pay of any individual in any office or position in the
legislative, executive, or judicial branch, or in the gov-
ernment of the District of Columbia, at a rate which
exceeded the rate (or maximum rate, if higher) of sal-
ary or basic pay payable for such office or position for
Sept. 30, 1978, if the rate of salary or basic pay for such
office or position was either fixed at a rate equal to or
greater than the rate of basic pay for level V of the Ex-
ecutive Schedule under section 5316 of this title or lim-
ited to a
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 5 U.S.C. § 5331
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