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5 U.S.C. § 7101 — Findings and purpose
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress finds that—
(1) experience in both private and public employment indicates that the statutory protection of the right of employees to organize, bargain collectively, and participate through labor organizations of their own choosing in decisions which affect them—
(A) safeguards the public interest,
(B) contributes to the effective conduct of public business, and
(C) facilitates and encourages the amicable settlements of disputes between employees and their employers involving conditions of employment; and
(2) the public interest demands the highest standards of employee performance and the continued development and implementation of modern and progressive work practices to facilitate and improve employee performance and the efficient accomplishment of the operations of the Government.
Therefore, labor organizations and collective bargaining in the civil service are in the public interest.
**(b)** It is the purpose of this chapter to prescribe certain rights and obligations of the employees of the Federal Government and to establish procedures which are designed to meet the special requirements and needs of the Government. The provisions of this chapter should be interpreted in a manner consistent with the requirement of an effective and efficient Government.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 7101
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_846f4b272ef5f59a23998e1b
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-5/section-7101-findings-and-purpose--d3d15af30d.md
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Passage SHA-256: 431317877743c399738b8d74ad4ae6a0c79b3202308cbc84e41dbcfea4c50a3c
Source location: Title 5, Chapter 71, § 7101; chapter-071-labor-management-relations.md
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**(a)** The Congress finds that—
(1) experience in both private and public employment indicates that the statutory protection of the right of employees to organize, bargain collectively, and participate through labor organizations of their own choosing in decisions which affect them—
(A) safeguards the public interest,
(B) contributes to the effective conduct of public business, and
(C) facilitates and encourages the amicable settlements of disputes between employees and their employers involving conditions of employment; and
(2) the public interest demands the highest standards of employee performance and the continued development and implementation of modern and progressive work practices to facilitate and improve employee performance and the efficient accomplishment of the operations of the Government.
Therefore, labor organizations and collective bargaining in the civil service are in the public interest.
**(b)** It is the purpose of this chapter to prescribe certain rights and obligations of the employees of the Federal Government and to establish procedures which are designed to meet the special requirements and needs of the Government. The provisions of this chapter should be interpreted in a manner consistent with the requirement of an effective and efficient Government.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary of Labor is authorized and directed to formulate and promote the furtherance of labor standards necessary to safeguard the welfare of apprentices, to extend the application of such standards by encouraging the inclusion thereof in contracts of apprenticeship, to bring together employers and labor for the formulation of programs of apprenticeship, to cooperate with State agencies engaged in the formulation and promotion of standards of apprenticeship, and to cooperate with the Secretary of Education in accordance with [section 17 of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section17&num=0&edition=prelim). For the purposes of this chapter the term “State” shall include the District of Columbia.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 50
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The President may—
(1) prescribe such regulations for the admission of individuals into the civil service in the executive branch as will best promote the efficiency of that service;
(2) ascertain the fitness of applicants as to age, health, character, knowledge, and ability for the employment sought; and
(3) appoint and prescribe the duties of individuals to make inquiries for the purpose of this section.
**(b) DOD Procedures.—** The President may authorize the Department of Defense to determine the qualification, examination, and assessment procedures for positions in the competitive service based primarily on job-related competencies and skills, including the use of structured interviews, technical evaluations, or skills-based assessments, and alternative assessments.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 3301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) **Advisory committees in existence on january 5, 1973.—** — Each advisory committee that is in existence on January 5, 1973, shall terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following that date unless—
(A) in the case of an advisory committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such advisory committee is renewed by the President or that officer by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period; or
(B) in the case of an advisory committee established by an Act of Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law.
(2) **Advisory committees established after january 5, 1973.—** — Each advisory committee established after January 5, 1973, shall terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of its establishment unless—
(A) in the case of an advisory committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma. such advisory committee is renewed by the President or such officer by appropriate action prior to the end of such period; or
(B) in the case of an advisory committee established by an Act of Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law.
**(b) Charters.—**
(1) **Upon renewal.—** — Upon the renewal of an advisory committee, the advisory committee shall file a charter in accordance with [section 1008(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section1008/c&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Upon expiration of successive 2-year periods.—** — An advisory committee established by an Act of Congress shall file a charter in accordance with [section 1008(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.x
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 1013
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** An employee, or applicant for employment, may submit an appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board from any action which is appealable to the Board under any law, rule, or regulation. An appellant shall have the right—
(1) to a hearing for which a transcript will be kept; and
(2) to be represented by an attorney or other representative.
Appeals shall be processed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Board.
**(b)**
(1) The Board may hear any case appealed to it or may refer the case to an administrative law judge appointed under [section 3105 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3105&num=0&edition=prelim) or other employee of the Board designated by the Board to hear such cases, except that in any case involving a removal from the service, the case shall be heard by the Board, an employee experienced in hearing appeals, or an administrative law judge. The Board, administrative law judge, or other employee (as the case may be) shall make a decision after receipt of the written representations of the parties to the appeal and after opportunity for a hearing under subsection (a)(1) of this section. A copy of the decision shall be furnished to each party to the appeal and to the Office of Personnel Management.
(2)
(A) If an employee or applicant for employment is the prevailing party in an appeal under this subsection, the employee or applicant shall be granted the relief provided in the decision effective upon the making of the decision, and remaining in effect pending the outcome of any petition for review under subsection (e), unless—
(i) the deciding official determines that the granting of such relief is not appropriate; or
(ii)
(I) the relief granted in the decision prov
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 7701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of this title, “Executive agency” means an Executive department, a Government corporation, and an independent establishment.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 105
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The head of an agency or major organizational unit within an agency may place an order with a major organizational unit within the same agency or another agency for goods or services if—
(1) amounts are available;
(2) the head of the ordering agency or unit decides the order is in the best interest of the United States Government;
(3) the agency or unit to fill the order is able to provide or get by contract the ordered goods or services; and
(4) the head of the agency decides ordered goods or services cannot be provided by contract as conveniently or cheaply by a commercial enterprise.
**(b)** Payment shall be made promptly by check on the written request of the agency or unit filling the order. Payment may be in advance or on providing the goods or services ordered and shall be for any part of the estimated or actual cost as determined by the agency or unit filling the order. A bill submitted or a request for payment is not subject to audit or certification in advance of payment. Proper adjustment of amounts paid in advance shall be made as agreed to by the heads of the agencies or units on the basis of the actual cost of goods or services provided.
**(c)** A condition or limitation applicable to amounts for procurement of an agency or unit placing an order or making a contract under this section applies to the placing of the order or the making of the contract.
**(d)** An order placed or agreement made under this section obligates an appropriation of the ordering agency or unit. The amount obligated is deobligated to the extent that the agency or unit filling the order has not incurred obligations, before the end of the period of availability of the appropriation, in—
(1) providing goods or services; or
(2) making an authorized contract with another
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 1535
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of this title, “independent establishment” means—
(1) an establishment in the executive branch (other than the United States Postal Service or the Postal Regulatory Commission) which is not an Executive department, military department, Government corporation, or part thereof, or part of an independent establishment; and
(2) the Government Accountability Office.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 104
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Office of Personnel Management is an independent establishment in the executive branch. The Office shall have an official seal, which shall be judicially noticed, and shall have its principal office in the District of Columbia, and may have field offices in other appropriate locations.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 1101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Office of Management and Budget is an office in the Executive Office of the President.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 501
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as provided in this section, the Office of Personnel Management may, directly or through agreement or contract with one or more agencies and other public and private organizations, conduct and evaluate demonstration projects. Subject to the provisions of this section, the conducting of demonstration projects shall not be limited by any lack of specific authority under this title to take the action contemplated, or by any provision of this title or any rule or regulation prescribed under this title which is inconsistent with the action, including any law or regulation relating to—
(1) the methods of establishing qualification requirements for, recruitment for, and appointment to positions;
(2) the methods of classifying positions and compensating employees;
(3) the methods of assigning, reassigning, or promoting employees;
(4) the methods of disciplining employees;
(5) the methods of providing incentives to employees, including the provision of group or individual incentive bonuses or pay;
(6) the hours of work per day or per week;
(7) the methods of involving employees, labor organizations, and employee organizations in personnel decisions; and
(8) the methods of reducing overall agency staff and grade levels.
**(b)** Before conducting or entering into any agreement or contract to conduct a demonstration project, the Office shall—
(1) develop a plan for such project which identifies—
(A) the purposes of the project;
(B) the types of employees or eligibles, categorized by occupational series, grade, or organizational unit;
(C) the number of employees or eligibles to be included, in the aggregate and by category;
(D) the methodology;
(E) the duration;
(F) the training to be provided;
(G) the anticipated costs;
(H) the metho
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 4703
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