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42 U.S.C. § 7911 — Congressional findings and purposes
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress finds that uranium mill tailings located at active and inactive mill operations may pose a potential and significant radiation health hazard to the public, and that the protection of the public health, safety, and welfare and the regulation of interstate commerce require that every reasonable effort be made to provide for the stabilization, disposal, and control in a safe and environmentally sound manner of such tailings in order to prevent or minimize radon diffusion into the environment and to prevent or minimize other environmental hazards from such tailings.
**(b)** The purposes of this chapter are to provide—
(1) in cooperation with the interested States, Indian tribes, and the persons who own or control inactive mill tailings sites, a program of assessment and remedial action at such sites, including, where appropriate, the reprocessing of tailings to extract residual uranium and other mineral values where practicable, in order to stabilize and control such tailings in a safe and environmentally sound manner and to minimize or eliminate radiation health hazards to the public, and
(2) a program to regulate mill tailings during uranium or thorium ore processing at active mill operations and after termination of such operations in order to stabilize and control such tailings in a safe and environmentally sound manner and to minimize or eliminate radiation health hazards to the public.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-7911-congressional-findings-and-purposes--fbec7d7c6e.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 88, § 7911; chapter-088-uranium-mill-tailings-radiation-control.md
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**(a)** The Congress finds that uranium mill tailings located at active and inactive mill operations may pose a potential and significant radiation health hazard to the public, and that the protection of the public health, safety, and welfare and the regulation of interstate commerce require that every reasonable effort be made to provide for the stabilization, disposal, and control in a safe and environmentally sound manner of such tailings in order to prevent or minimize radon diffusion into the environment and to prevent or minimize other environmental hazards from such tailings.
**(b)** The purposes of this chapter are to provide—
(1) in cooperation with the interested States, Indian tribes, and the persons who own or control inactive mill tailings sites, a program of assessment and remedial action at such sites, including, where appropriate, the reprocessing of tailings to extract residual uranium and other mineral values where practicable, in order to stabilize and control such tailings in a safe and environmentally sound manner and to minimize or eliminate radiation health hazards to the public, and
(2) a program to regulate mill tailings during uranium or thorium ore processing at active mill operations and after termination of such operations in order to stabilize and control such tailings in a safe and environmentally sound manner and to minimize or eliminate radiation health hazards to the public.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) The term “national defense” includes the needs of, and the planning and preparedness to meet, essential defense, industrial, and military emergency energy requirements relative to the national safety, welfare, and economy, particularly resulting from foreign military or economic actions.
(2) The term “naval petroleum reserves” means the naval petroleum and oil shale reserves established by this chapter, including Naval Petroleum Reserve Numbered 1 (Elk Hills), located in Kern County, California, established by Executive order of the President, dated September 2, 1912; Naval Petroleum Reserve Numbered 2 (Buena Vista), located in Kern County, California, established by Executive order of the President, dated December 13, 1912; Naval Petroleum Reserve Numbered 3 (Teapot Dome), located in Wyoming, established by Executive order of the President, dated April 30, 1915; Oil Shale Reserve Numbered 1, located in Colorado, established by Executive order of the President, dated December 6, 1916, as amended by Executive order dated June 12, 1919; Oil Shale Reserve Numbered 2, located in Utah, established by Executive order of the President, dated December 6, 1916; and Oil Shale Reserve Numbered 3, located in Colorado, established by Executive order of the President, dated September 27, 1924.
(3) The term “petroleum” includes crude oil, gases (including natural gas), natural gasoline, and other related hydrocarbons, oil shale, and the products of any of such resources.
(4) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
(5) The term “small refiner” means an owner of a refinery or refineries (including refineries not in operation) who qualifies as a small business refiner under the rules and regulations of the Small Business Administration.
(6) The term
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Promulgation and revision of rules for protection from hazards at inactive or depository sites** As soon as practicable, but not later than October 1, 1982, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (hereinafter referred to in this section as the “Administrator”) shall, by rule, promulgate standards of general application (including standards applicable to licenses under section 104(h) of the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 [[42 U.S.C. 7914(h)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7914/h&num=0&edition=prelim)]) for the protection of the public health, safety, and the environment from radiological and nonradiological hazards associated with residual radioactive materials (as defined in section 101 of the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 [[42 U.S.C. 7911](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7911&num=0&edition=prelim)]) located at inactive uranium mill tailings sites and depository sites for such materials selected by the Secretary of Energy, pursuant to title I of the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 [[42 U.S.C. 7911](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7911&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]. Standards promulgated pursuant to this subsection shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with the requirements of the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended [[42 U.S.C. 6901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section6901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]. In establishing such standards, the Administrator shall consider the risk to the public health, safety, and the environment, the environmental and economic costs of applying such standards, and
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 7494
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 7911
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SHORT TITLE OF 1988 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 100–616, § 1, Nov. 5, 1988, 102 Stat. 3192, pro-
vided: ‘‘That this Act [amending sections 7916 and 7922
of this title] may be cited as the ‘Uranium Mill
Tailings Remedial Action Amendments Act of 1988’.’’
SHORT TITLE
Pub. L. 95–604, § 1, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3021, provided
that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter and sections
2022, 2113, and 2114 of this title, amending sections 2014,
2021, 2111, and 2201 of this title, and enacting provisions
set out as notes under sections 2014, 2021, and 2113 of
this title] may be cited as the ‘Uranium Mill Tailings
Radiation Control Act of 1978’.’’
SUBCHAPTER I—REMEDIAL ACTION
PROGRAM
§ 7911. Definitions
For purposes of this subchapter—
(1) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Sec-
retary of Energy.
(2) The term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Nu-
clear Regulatory Commission.
(3) The term ‘‘Administrator’’ means the Ad-
ministrator of the Environmental Protection
Agency.
(4) The term ‘‘Indian tribe’’ means any tribe,
band, clan, group, pueblo, or community of In-
dians recognized as eligible for services pro-
vided by the Secretary of the Interior to Indi-
ans.
(5) The term ‘‘person’’ means any individual,
association, partnership, corporation, firm,
joint venture, trust, government entity, and
any other entity, except that such term does
not include any Indian or Indian tribe.
(6) The term ‘‘processing site’’ means—
(A) any site, including the mill, containing
residual radioactive materials at which all
or substantially all of the uranium was pro-
duced for sale to any Federal agency prior to
January 1, 1971 under a contract with any
Federal agency, except in the case of a site
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