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18 U.S.C. § 3181 — Scope and limitation of chapter
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The provisions of this chapter relating to the surrender of persons who have committed crimes in foreign countries shall continue in force only during the existence of any treaty of extradition with such foreign government.
**(b)** The provisions of this chapter shall be construed to permit, in the exercise of comity, the surrender of persons, other than citizens, nationals, or permanent residents of the United States, who have committed crimes of violence against nationals of the United States in foreign countries without regard to the existence of any treaty of extradition with such foreign government if the Attorney General certifies, in writing, that—
(1) evidence has been presented by the foreign government that indicates that had the offenses been committed in the United States, they would constitute crimes of violence as defined under [section 16 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section16&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(2) the offenses charged are not of a political nature.
**(c)** As used in this section, the term “national of the United States” has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ([8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1101/a/22&num=0&edition=prelim)).
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-3181-scope-and-limitation-of-chapter--45c68770d7.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 209, § 3181; chapter-209-extradition.md
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**(a)** The provisions of this chapter relating to the surrender of persons who have committed crimes in foreign countries shall continue in force only during the existence of any treaty of extradition with such foreign government.
**(b)** The provisions of this chapter shall be construed to permit, in the exercise of comity, the surrender of persons, other than citizens, nationals, or permanent residents of the United States, who have committed crimes of violence against nationals of the United States in foreign countries without regard to the existence of any treaty of extradition with such foreign government if the Attorney General certifies, in writing, that—
(1) evidence has been presented by the foreign government that indicates that had the offenses been committed in the United States, they would constitute crimes of violence as defined under [section 16 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section16&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(2) the offenses charged are not of a political nature.
**(c)** As used in this section, the term “national of the United States” has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ([8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1101/a/22&num=0&edition=prelim)).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Depositions, warrants, or other papers or copies thereof offered in evidence upon the hearing of any extradition case shall be received and admitted as evidence on such hearing for all the purposes of such hearing if they shall be properly and legally authenticated so as to entitle them to be received for similar purposes by the tribunals of the foreign country from which the accused party shall have escaped, and the certificate of the principal diplomatic or consular officer of the United States resident in such foreign country shall be proof that the same, so offered, are authenticated in the manner required.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 3190
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
All costs or expenses incurred in any extradition proceeding in apprehending, securing, and transmitting a fugitive shall be paid by the demanding authority.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 3195
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The term “crime of violence” means—
**(a)** an offense that has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another, or
**(b)** any other offense that is a felony and that, by its nature, involves a substantial risk that physical force against the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 16
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The district court of the district in which a person resides or is found may order him to give his testimony or statement or to produce a document or other thing for use in a proceeding in a foreign or international tribunal, including criminal investigations conducted before formal accusation. The order may be made pursuant to a letter rogatory issued, or request made, by a foreign or international tribunal or upon the application of any interested person and may direct that the testimony or statement be given, or the document or other thing be produced, before a person appointed by the court. By virtue of his appointment, the person appointed has power to administer any necessary oath and take the testimony or statement. The order may prescribe the practice and procedure, which may be in whole or part the practice and procedure of the foreign country or the international tribunal, for taking the testimony or statement or producing the document or other thing. To the extent that the order does not prescribe otherwise, the testimony or statement shall be taken, and the document or other thing produced, in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.A person may not be compelled to give his testimony or statement or to produce a document or other thing in violation of any legally applicable privilege.
**(b)** This chapter does not preclude a person within the United States from voluntarily giving his testimony or statement, or producing a document or other thing, for use in a proceeding in a foreign or international tribunal before any person and in any manner acceptable to him.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 1782
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever removes a child from the United States, or attempts to do so, or retains a child (who has been in the United States) outside the United States with intent to obstruct the lawful exercise of parental rights shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 3 years, or both.
**(b)** As used in this section—
(1) the term “child” means a person who has not attained the age of 16 years; and
(2) the term “parental rights”, with respect to a child, means the right to physical custody of the child—
(A) whether joint or sole (and includes visiting rights); and
(B) whether arising by operation of law, court order, or legally binding agreement of the parties.
**(c)** It shall be an affirmative defense under this section that—
(1) the defendant acted within the provisions of a valid court order granting the defendant legal custody or visitation rights and that order was obtained pursuant to the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act or the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act and was in effect at the time of the offense;
(2) the defendant was fleeing an incidence or pattern of domestic violence; or
(3) the defendant had physical custody of the child pursuant to a court order granting legal custody or visitation rights and failed to return the child as a result of circumstances beyond the defendant’s control, and the defendant notified or made reasonable attempts to notify the other parent or lawful custodian of the child of such circumstances within 24 hours after the visitation period had expired and returned the child as soon as possible.
**(d)** This section does not detract from The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Parental Child Abduction, done at The Hague on October 25, 1980.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 1204
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
There shall be at the seat of government an executive department to be known as the “Department of State”, and a Secretary of State, who shall be the head thereof.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2651
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 739
TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
§ 3181
suspended; but such time limits from indictment
to trial shall not be increased to exceed one hun-
dred and eighty days. The time limits for the
trial of cases of detained persons who are being
detained solely because they are awaiting trial
shall not be affected by the provisions of this
section.
(c)(1) If, prior to July 1, 1980, the chief judge of
any district concludes, with the concurrence of
the planning group convened in the district,
that the district is prepared to implement the
provisions of section 3162 in their entirety, he
may apply to the judicial council of the circuit
in which the district is located to implement
such provisions. Such application shall show the
degree of compliance in the district with the
time limits set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of
section 3161 during the twelve-calendar-month
period preceding the date of such application
and shall contain a proposed order and schedule
for such implementation, which includes the
date on which the provisions of section 3162 are
to become effective in the district, the effect
such implementation will have upon such dis-
trict’s practices and procedures, and provision
for adequate notice to all interested parties.
(2) After review of any such application, the
judicial council of the circuit shall enter an
order implementing the provisions of section
3162 in their entirety in the district making ap-
plication, or shall return such application to the
chief judge of such district, together with an ex-
planation setting forth such council’s reasons
for refusing to enter such order.
(d)(1) The approval of any application made
pursuant to subsection (a) or (c) by a judicial
council of a circuit shall be reported within
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 18 U.S.C. § 3181
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** As used in this chapter—
(1) The term “administrator” means the official designated by the Secretary of State pursuant to [section 1104(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1104/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) The term “advocates” includes, but is not limited to, advises, recommends, furthers by overt act, and admits belief in.
(3) The term “alien” means any person not a citizen or national of the United States.
(4) The term “application for admission” has reference to the application for admission into the United States and not to the application for the issuance of an immigrant or nonimmigrant visa.
(5) The term “Attorney General” means the Attorney General of the United States.
(6) The term “border crossing identification card” means a document of identity bearing that designation issued to an alien who is lawfully admitted for permanent residence, or to an alien who is a resident in foreign contiguous territory, by a consular officer or an immigration officer for the purpose of crossing over the borders between the United States and foreign contiguous territory in accordance with such conditions for its issuance and use as may be prescribed by regulations. Such regulations shall provide that (A) each such document include a biometric identifier (such as the fingerprint or handprint of the alien) that is machine readable and (B) an alien presenting a border crossing identification card is not permitted to cross over the border into the United States unless the biometric identifier contained on the card matches the appropriate biometric characteristic of the alien.
(7) The term “clerk of court” means a clerk of a naturalization court.
(8) The terms “Commissioner” and “Deputy Commissioner” mean the Co
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 8 U.S.C. § 1101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 16
TITLE 8—ALIENS AND NATIONALITY
§ 1101
Sec.
1484 to 1487. Repealed.
1488.
Nationality lost solely from performance of
acts or fulfillment of conditions.
1489.
Application of treaties; exceptions.
PART IV—MISCELLANEOUS
1501.
Certificate of diplomatic or consular officer
of United States as to loss of American na-
tionality.
1502.
Certificate of nationality issued by Secretary
of State for person not a naturalized citizen
of United States for use in proceedings of a
foreign state.
1503.
Denial of rights and privileges as national.
1504.
Cancellation of United States passports and
Consular Reports of Birth.
SUBCHAPTER IV—REFUGEE ASSISTANCE
1521.
Office of Refugee Resettlement; establish-
ment; appointment of Director; functions.
1522.
Authorization for programs for domestic re-
settlement of and assistance to refugees.
1523.
Congressional reports.
1524.
Authorization of appropriations.
1525.
Repealed.
SUBCHAPTER V—ALIEN TERRORIST REMOVAL
PROCEDURES
1531.
Definitions.
1532.
Establishment of removal court.
1533.
Removal court procedure.
1534.
Removal hearing.
1535.
Appeals.
1536.
Custody and release pending removal hearing.
1537.
Custody and release after removal hearing.
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 1101. Definitions
(a) As used in this chapter—
(1) The term ‘‘administrator’’ means the offi-
cial designated by the Secretary of State pursu-
ant to section 1104(b) of this title.
(2) The term ‘‘advocates’’ includes, but is not
limited to, advises, recommends, furthers by
overt act, and admits belief in.
(3) The term ‘‘alien’’ means any person not a
citizen or national of the United States.
(4) The term ‘‘application for admission’’ has
reference to the application for admission into
the United States and not
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 8 U.S.C. § 1101
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