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22 U.S.C. § 6441 — Standards of conduct and disclosure

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6441 — Standards of conduct and disclosure

**(a) Cooperation with nongovernmental organizations, the Department of State, and Congress** The Commission shall seek to effectively and freely cooperate with all entities engaged in the promotion of religious freedom abroad, governmental and nongovernmental, in the performance of the Commission’s duties under this subchapter. **(b) Conflict of interest and antinepotism** (1) **Member affiliations** — Except as provided in paragraph (3), in order to ensure the independence and integrity of the Commission, the Commission may not compensate any nongovernmental agency, project, or person related to or affiliated with any member of the Commission, whether in that member’s direct employ or not. Staff employed by the Commission may not serve in the employ of any nongovernmental agency, project, or person related to or affiliated with any member of the Commission while employed by the Commission. (2) **Staff compensation** — Staff of the Commission may not receive compensation from any other source for work performed in carrying out the duties of the Commission while employed by the Commission. (3) **Exception** (A) *In general* — Subject to subparagraph (B), paragraph (1) shall not apply to payments made for items such as conference fees or the purchase of periodicals or other similar expenses, if such payments would not cause the aggregate value paid to any agency, project, or person for a fiscal year to exceed $250. (B) *Limitation* — Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Commission shall not give special preference to any agency, project, or person related to or affiliated with any member of the Commission. (4) **Definitions** — In this subsection, the term “affiliated” means the relationship between a member of the Commission and— (A) an individual who hol

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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_728235c70b76488a32272838
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-6441-standards-of-conduct-and-disclosure--59f62f2d09.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 73, § 6441; chapter-073-international-religious-freedom.md

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**(a) Cooperation with nongovernmental organizations, the Department of State, and Congress** The Commission shall seek to effectively and freely cooperate with all entities engaged in the promotion of religious freedom abroad, governmental and nongovernmental, in the performance of the Commission’s duties under this subchapter. **(b) Conflict of interest and antinepotism** (1) **Member affiliations** — Except as provided in paragraph (3), in order to ensure the independence and integrity of the Commission, the Commission may not compensate any nongovernmental agency, project, or person related to or affiliated with any member of the Commission, whether in that member’s direct employ or not. Staff employed by the Commission may not serve in the employ of any nongovernmental agency, project, or person related to or affiliated with any member of the Commission while employed by the Commission. (2) **Staff compensation** — Staff of the Commission may not receive compensation from any other source for work performed in carrying out the duties of the Commission while employed by the Commission. (3) **Exception** (A) *In general* — Subject to subparagraph (B), paragraph (1) shall not apply to payments made for items such as conference fees or the purchase of periodicals or other similar expenses, if such payments would not cause the aggregate value paid to any agency, project, or person for a fiscal year to exceed $250. (B) *Limitation* — Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Commission shall not give special preference to any agency, project, or person related to or affiliated with any member of the Commission. (4) **Definitions** — In this subsection, the term “affiliated” means the relationship between a member of the Commission and— (A) an individual who holds the position of officer, trustee, partner, director, or employee of an agency, project, or person of which that member, or relative of that member of,11 So in original. The comma probably should follow “member”. the Commission is an officer, trustee, partner, director, or employee; or (B) a nongovernmental agency or project of which that member, or a relative of that member, of the Commission is an officer, trustee, partner, director, or employee. **(c) Contract authority** (1) **In general** — Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Commission may contract with and compensate Government agencies or persons for the conduct of activities necessary to the discharge of its functions under this subchapter. Any such person shall be hired without interruption or loss of civil service or Foreign Service status or privilege. The Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services under the authority of [section 3109(b) of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3109/b&num=0&edition=prelim), except that the Commission may not expend more than $250,000 in any fiscal year to procure such services. (2) **Expert study** — In the case of a study requested under section 6474 22 See References in Text note below. of this title, the Commission may, subject to the availability of appropriations, contract with experts and shall provide the funds for such a study. The Commission shall not be required to provide the funds for that part of the study conducted by the Comptroller General of the United States. **(d) Gifts** (1) **In general** — In order to preserve its independence, the Commission may not accept, use, or dispose of gifts or donations of services or property. An individual Commissioner or employee of the Commission may not, in his or her capacity as a Commissioner or employee, knowingly accept, use or dispose of gifts or donations of services or property, unless he or she in good faith believes such gifts or donations to have a value of less than $50 and a cumulative value during a calendar year of less than $100. (2) **Exceptions** — This subsection shall not apply to the following: (A) Gifts provided on the basis of a personal friendship with a Commissioner or employee, unless the Commissioner or employee has reason to believe that the gift was provided because of the Commissioner’s position and not because of the personal friendship. (B) Gifts provided on the basis of a family relationship. (C) The acceptance of training, invitations to attend or participate in conferences or such other events as are related to the conduct of the duties of the Commission, or food or refreshment associated with such activities. (D) Items of nominal value or gifts of estimated value of $10 or less. (E) De minimis gifts provided by a foreign leader or state, not exceeding a value of $260. Gifts believed by Commissioners to be in excess of $260, but which would create offense or embarrassment to the United States Government if refused, shall be accepted and turned over to the United States Government in accordance with the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act of 1966 and the rules and regulations governing such gifts provided to Members of Congress. (F) Informational materials such as documents, books, videotapes, periodicals, or other forms of communications. (G) Goods or services provided by any agency or component of the Government of the United States, including any commission established under the authority of such Government. **(e) Annual financial report** In addition to providing the reports required under [section 6432 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6432&num=0&edition=prelim), the Commission shall provide, each year no later than January 1, to the Committees on Foreign Affairs and Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and to the Committees on Foreign Relations and Appropriations of the Senate, a financial report detailing and identifying its expenditures for the preceding fiscal year. **(f) Commission records** The Commission shall comply with all of the records management requirements set forth in chapter 31 of title 44 (commonly referred to as the “Federal Records Act of 1950”). **(g) Official email for commission business** When conducting any Commission business on electronic accounts, Commission Members and staff shall use official Commission electronic accounts.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2625 — Gifts or decorations on deposit with State Department

Any gift or decoration on deposit with the Department of State on October 15, 1966, shall, when approved by the Secretary of State and the appropriate department, agency, office, or other entity, be released to the donee or his legal representative. Such donee may, if authorized, be entitled to wear any decoration so approved. A gift or decoration not approved for release, because of any special or unusual circumstances involved, shall be deemed a gift to the United States and shall be deposited by the donee in accordance with the rules and regulations issued pursuant to this chapter.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2621 — Definitions

In this chapter— (1) The term “person” includes every person who occupies an office or a position in the Government of the United States, its territories and possessions, the Canal Zone government, and the government of the District of Columbia, or is a member of the Armed Forces of the United States, or a member of the family and household of any such person. (2) The term “foreign government” includes every foreign government and every official, agent, or representative thereof. (3) The term “gift” includes any present or thing, other than a decoration, tendered by or received from a foreign government. (4) The term “decoration” includes any order, device, medal, badge, insignia, or emblem tendered by or received from a foreign government.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

5 U.S.C. § 7342 — Receipt and disposition of foreign gifts and decorations

**(a)** For the purpose of this section— (1) “employee” means— (A) an employee as defined by [section 2105 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section2105&num=0&edition=prelim) and an officer or employee of the United States Postal Service or of the Postal Regulatory Commission; (B) an expert or consultant who is under contract under [section 3109 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3109&num=0&edition=prelim) with the United States or any agency, department, or establishment thereof, including, in the case of an organization performing services under such section, any individual involved in the performance of such services; (C) an individual employed by, or occupying an office or position in, the government of a territory or possession of the United States or the government of the District of Columbia; (D) a member of a uniformed service; (E) the President and the Vice President; (F) a Member of Congress as defined by [section 2106 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section2106&num=0&edition=prelim) (except the Vice President) and any Delegate to the Congress; and (G) the spouse of an individual described in subparagraphs (A) through (F) (unless such individual and his or her spouse are separated) or a dependent (within the meaning of section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) of such an individual, other than a spouse or dependent who is an employee under subparagraphs (A) through (F); (2) “foreign government” means— (A) any unit of foreign governmental authority, including any foreign national, State, local, and municipal government; (B) any international or multinational organization w

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 7342

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6432 — Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom concerns

**(a) Sense of Congress** To encourage involvement with religious freedom concerns at every possible opportunity and by all appropriate representatives of the United States Government, it is the sense of the Congress that officials of the executive branch of Government should promote increased advocacy on such issues during meetings between foreign dignitaries and executive branch officials or Members of Congress. **(b) Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom concerns** The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Ambassador at Large, the Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, United States chiefs of mission abroad, regional experts, and nongovernmental human rights and religious groups, shall prepare and maintain issue briefs on religious freedom, on a country-by-country basis, consisting of lists of persons believed to be imprisoned, detained, or placed under house arrest for their religious activities, religious freedom advocacy, or efforts to protect and advance the universally recognized right to the freedom of religion, together with brief evaluations and critiques of the policies of the respective country restricting religious freedom. In considering the inclusion of names of prisoners on such lists, the Secretary of State shall exercise appropriate discretion, including concerns regarding the safety, security, and benefit to such prisoners. **(c) Availability of information** The Secretary shall make available religious freedom issue briefs under subsection (b) to executive branch officials and Members of Congress in anticipation of bilateral contacts with foreign leaders, both in the United States and abroad. **(d) Victims list maintained by the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom** (1) *

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6474 — Reform of asylum policy

**(a) Guidelines** The Attorney General and the Secretary of State shall develop guidelines to ensure that persons with potential biases against individuals on the grounds of religion, race, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion, including interpreters and personnel of airlines owned by governments known to be involved in practices which would meet the definition of persecution under international refugee law, shall not in any manner be used to interpret conversations between aliens and inspection or asylum officers. **(b) Training for asylum and immigration officers** The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Ambassador at Large, and other relevant officials such as the Director of the George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center, shall provide training to all officers adjudicating asylum cases, and to immigration officers performing duties under [section 1225(b) of title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1225/b&num=0&edition=prelim), on the nature of religious persecution abroad, including country-specific conditions, instruction on the internationally recognized right to freedom of religion, instruction on methods of religious persecution practiced in foreign countries, and applicable distinctions within a country in the treatment of various religious practices and believers. **(c) Training for immigration judges** The Executive Office of Immigration Review of the Department of Justice shall incorporate into its initial and ongoing training of immigration judges training on the extent and nature of religious persecution internationally, including country-specific conditions, and including use of the Annual Report. Such training shall include go

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6474

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6442a — Presidential actions in response to violations of religious freedom

**(a) Response to violations of religious freedom** (1) **In general** (A) *United States policy* — It shall be the policy of the United States— (i) to oppose violations of religious freedom that are or have been engaged in or tolerated by the governments of foreign countries; and (ii) to promote the right to freedom of religion in those countries through the actions described in subsection (b). (B) *Requirement of Presidential action* — For each foreign country the government of which engages in or tolerates violations of religious freedom, the President shall oppose such violations and promote the right to freedom of religion in that country through the actions described in subsection (b). (2) **Basis of actions** — Each action taken under paragraph (1)(B) shall be based upon information regarding violations of religious freedom, as described in the latest Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, the Annual Report and Executive Summary, and on any other evidence available, and shall take into account any findings or recommendations by the Commission with respect to the foreign country. **(b) Presidential actions** (1) **In general** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the President, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Ambassador at Large, the Special Adviser, and the Commission, shall, as expeditiously as practicable in response to the violations described in subsection (a) by the government of a foreign country— (A) take one or more of the actions described in paragraphs (1) through (15) of [section 6445(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6445/a&num=0&edition=prelim) (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to such country; or (B) negotiate and en

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6445 — Consultations

**(a) In general** As soon as practicable after the President decides to take action under [section 6441 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6441&num=0&edition=prelim) in response to violations of religious freedom and the President decides to take action under paragraphs (9) through (15) of [section 6445(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6445/a&num=0&edition=prelim) (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to that country, or not later than 90 days after the President designates a country as a country of particular concern for religious freedom under [section 6442 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6442&num=0&edition=prelim), as the case may be, the President shall carry out the consultations required in this section. **(b) Duty to consult with foreign governments prior to taking Presidential actions** (1) **In general** — The President shall— (A) request consultation with the government of such country regarding the violations giving rise to designation of that country as a country of particular concern for religious freedom or to Presidential action under [section 6441 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6441&num=0&edition=prelim); and (B) if agreed to, enter into such consultations, privately or publicly. (2) **Use of multilateral fora** — If the President determines it to be appropriate, such consultations may be sought and may occur in a multilateral forum, but, in any event, the President shall consult with appropriate foreign governments for the purposes of achieving a coordinated international policy on action

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6446 — Report to Congress

**(a) In general** Subject to subsection (b), not later than 90 days after the President decides to take action under [section 6441 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6441&num=0&edition=prelim) in response to violations of religious freedom and the President decides to take action under paragraphs (9) through (15) of [section 6445(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6445/a&num=0&edition=prelim) (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to that country, or not later than 90 days after the President designates a country as a country of particular concern for religious freedom under [section 6442 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6442&num=0&edition=prelim), as the case may be, the President shall submit a report to Congress containing the following: (1) **Identification of Presidential actions** — An identification of the Presidential action or actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of [section 6445(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6445/a&num=0&edition=prelim) (or commensurate action in substitution thereto) to be taken with respect to the foreign country. (2) **Description of violations** — A description of the violations giving rise to the Presidential action or actions to be taken. (3) **Purpose of Presidential actions** — A description of the purpose of the Presidential action or actions. (4) **Evaluation** (A) *Description* — An evaluation, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Ambassador at Large, the Commission, the Special Adviser, the parties described in section 6443(c) and (d) of this ti

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 6441 — Presidential actions in response to viola-

Page 1814 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 6436 (f) Commission records The Commission shall comply with all of the records management requirements set forth in chapter 31 of title 44 (commonly referred to as the ‘‘Federal Records Act of 1950’’). (g) Official email for commission business When conducting any Commission business on electronic accounts, Commission Members and staff shall use official Commission electronic ac- counts. (Pub. L. 105–292, title II, § 208, as added Pub. L. 106–55, § 1(b)(5), Aug. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 403; amended Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title VI, § 681(f), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1409; Pub. L. 112–75, § 5, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1273; Pub. L. 116–94, div. J, title VIII, § 809, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3079.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 6474 of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original a reference to section 605 of Pub. L. 105–292, which was renumbered section 606 by Pub. L. 114–281, title V, § 501(1), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1437. The Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act of 1966, re- ferred to in subsec. (d)(2)(E), is Pub. L. 89–673, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 952, which was classified principally to chapter 37 (§ 2621 et seq.) of this title. The Act was sub- stantially repealed, except for provisions which are classified to section 2625 of this title, and with limited applicability, to section 2621 of this title, and was re- stated in section 7342 of Title 5, Government Organiza- tion and Employees, by Pub. L. 90–83, § 10(b), Sept. 11, 1967, 91 Stat. 224. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. AMENDMENTS 2019—Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 116–94 added subsecs. (f) and (g). 2011—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 112–75, § 5(1), substituted ‘‘$250,000’’ fo

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 6441

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