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51 U.S.C. § 51302 — Commercial exploration and commercial recovery
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The President, acting through appropriate Federal agencies, shall—
(1) facilitate commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources by United States citizens;
(2) discourage government barriers to the development in the United States of economically viable, safe, and stable industries for commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources in manners consistent with the international obligations of the United States; and
(3) promote the right of United States citizens to engage in commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources free from harmful interference, in accordance with the international obligations of the United States and subject to authorization and continuing supervision by the Federal Government.
**(b) Report.—** Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this section, the President shall submit to Congress a report on commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources by United States citizens that specifies—
(1) the authorities necessary to meet the international obligations of the United States, including authorization and continuing supervision by the Federal Government; and
(2) recommendations for the allocation of responsibilities among Federal agencies for the activities described in paragraph (1).
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Source location: Title 51, Chapter 513, § 51302; chapter-513-space-resource-commercial-exploration-and-utilization.md
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**(a) In General.—** The President, acting through appropriate Federal agencies, shall—
(1) facilitate commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources by United States citizens;
(2) discourage government barriers to the development in the United States of economically viable, safe, and stable industries for commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources in manners consistent with the international obligations of the United States; and
(3) promote the right of United States citizens to engage in commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources free from harmful interference, in accordance with the international obligations of the United States and subject to authorization and continuing supervision by the Federal Government.
**(b) Report.—** Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this section, the President shall submit to Congress a report on commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources by United States citizens that specifies—
(1) the authorities necessary to meet the international obligations of the United States, including authorization and continuing supervision by the Federal Government; and
(2) recommendations for the allocation of responsibilities among Federal agencies for the activities described in paragraph (1).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Devotion of Space Activities to Peaceful Purposes for Benefit of All Humankind.—** Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States that activities in space should be devoted to peaceful purposes for the benefit of all humankind.
**(b) Aeronautical and Space Activities for Welfare and Security of United States.—** Congress declares that the general welfare and security of the United States require that adequate provision be made for aeronautical and space activities. Congress further declares that such activities shall be the responsibility of, and shall be directed by, a civilian agency exercising control over aeronautical and space activities sponsored by the United States, except that activities peculiar to or primarily associated with the development of weapons systems, military operations, or the defense of the United States (including the research and development necessary to make effective provision for the defense of the United States) shall be the responsibility of, and shall be directed by, the Department of Defense; and that determination as to which agency has responsibility for and direction of any such activity shall be made by the President.
**(c) Commercial Use of Space.—** Congress declares that the general welfare of the United States requires that the Administration seek and encourage, to the maximum extent possible, the fullest commercial use of space.
**(d) Objectives of Aeronautical and Space Activities.—** The aeronautical and space activities of the United States shall be conducted so as to contribute materially to one or more of the following objectives:
(1) The expansion of human knowledge of the Earth and of phenomena in the atmosphere and space.
(2) The improvement of the usefulness, performance, speed, safety, and effi
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 145
TITLE 51—NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS
§ 51302
AMENDMENTS
2010—Pub. L. 111–314, § 4(d)(2), (4)(D), successively re-
numbered section 70304 of title 49 and section 70304 of
this title as this section.
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 111–314, § 4(d)(6)(B), substituted
‘‘section 303 of title 49’’ for ‘‘section 303 of this title’’.
§ 51105. Authorization of appropriations
Not more than $10,000,000 may be appropriated
to the Secretary of Transportation to make
grants under this chapter. Amounts appro-
priated under this section remain available until
expended.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1345,
§ 70305 of title 49; renumbered § 70305 then § 51105
of title 51, Pub. L. 111–314, § 4(d)(2), (4)(E), Dec.
18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3440, 3441.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70305 ..........
15:5804(b) (2d, last
sentences).
Nov. 4, 1992, Pub. L. 102–588,
§ 505(b)
(2d,
last
sen-
tences), 106 Stat. 5125.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2010—Pub. L. 111–314 successively renumbered section
70305 of title 49 and section 70305 of this title as this
section.
CHAPTER 513—SPACE RESOURCE COMMER-
CIAL EXPLORATION AND UTILIZATION
Sec.
51301.
Definitions.
51302.
Commercial exploration and commercial re-
covery.
51303.
Asteroid resource and space resource rights.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2015—Pub. L. 114–90, title IV, § 402(a), Nov. 25, 2015, 129
Stat. 720, added chapter 513 and items 51301 to 51303.
§ 51301. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) ASTEROID RESOURCE.—The term ‘‘asteroid
resource’’ means a space resource found on or
within a single asteroid.
(2) SPACE RESOURCE.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘‘space re-
source’’ means an abiotic resource in situ in
outer space.
(B)
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