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15 U.S.C. § 7401 — Findings
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds the following:
(1) Revolutionary advancements in computing and communications technology have interconnected government, commercial, scientific, and educational infrastructures—including critical infrastructures for electric power, natural gas and petroleum production and distribution, telecommunications, transportation, water supply, banking and finance, and emergency and government services—in a vast, interdependent physical and electronic network.
(2) Exponential increases in interconnectivity have facilitated enhanced communications, economic growth, and the delivery of services critical to the public welfare, but have also increased the consequences of temporary or prolonged failure.
(3) A Department of Defense Joint Task Force concluded after a 1997 United States information warfare exercise that the results “clearly demonstrated our lack of preparation for a coordinated cyber and physical attack on our critical military and civilian infrastructure”.
(4) Computer security technology and systems implementation lack—
(A) sufficient long term research funding;
(B) adequate coordination across Federal and State government agencies and among government, academia, and industry; and
(C) sufficient numbers of outstanding researchers in the field.
(5) Accordingly, Federal investment in computer and network security research and development must be significantly increased to—
(A) improve vulnerability assessment and technological and systems solutions;
(B) expand and improve the pool of information security professionals, including researchers, in the United States workforce; and
(C) better coordinate information sharing and collaboration among industry, government, and academic research projects.
(6) While African-Americans, Hispa
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-7401-findings--41dd6c70e1.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 100, § 7401; chapter-100-cyber-security-research-and-development.md
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The Congress finds the following:
(1) Revolutionary advancements in computing and communications technology have interconnected government, commercial, scientific, and educational infrastructures—including critical infrastructures for electric power, natural gas and petroleum production and distribution, telecommunications, transportation, water supply, banking and finance, and emergency and government services—in a vast, interdependent physical and electronic network.
(2) Exponential increases in interconnectivity have facilitated enhanced communications, economic growth, and the delivery of services critical to the public welfare, but have also increased the consequences of temporary or prolonged failure.
(3) A Department of Defense Joint Task Force concluded after a 1997 United States information warfare exercise that the results “clearly demonstrated our lack of preparation for a coordinated cyber and physical attack on our critical military and civilian infrastructure”.
(4) Computer security technology and systems implementation lack—
(A) sufficient long term research funding;
(B) adequate coordination across Federal and State government agencies and among government, academia, and industry; and
(C) sufficient numbers of outstanding researchers in the field.
(5) Accordingly, Federal investment in computer and network security research and development must be significantly increased to—
(A) improve vulnerability assessment and technological and systems solutions;
(B) expand and improve the pool of information security professionals, including researchers, in the United States workforce; and
(C) better coordinate information sharing and collaboration among industry, government, and academic research projects.
(6) While African-Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans constitute 25 percent of the total United States workforce and 30 percent of the college-age population, members of these minorities comprise less than 7 percent of the United States computer and information science workforce.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** The Director shall establish a program of assistance to institutions of higher education that enter into partnerships with for-profit entities to support research to improve the security of computer systems. The partnerships may also include government laboratories and nonprofit research institutions. The program shall—
(1) include multidisciplinary, long-term research;
(2) include research directed toward addressing needs identified through the activities of the Computer System Security 11 So in original. Probably should be “Information Security”. and Privacy Advisory Board under section 278g–3(f) 22 See References in Text note below. of this title; and
(3) promote the development of a robust research community working at the leading edge of knowledge in subject areas relevant to the security of computer systems by providing support for graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and senior researchers.
**(b) Fellowships**
(1) **Post-doctoral research fellowships** — The Director is authorized to establish a program to award post-doctoral research fellowships to individuals who are citizens, nationals, or lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens of the United States and are seeking research positions at institutions, including the Institute, engaged in research activities related to the security of computer systems, including the research areas described in [section 7403(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section7403/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Senior research fellowships** — The Director is authorized to establish a program to award senior research fellowships to individuals seeking research positions at institutions, including the Institute, engaged in research activities rel
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278h
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Initiation and support of studies and programs; scholarships; current register of scientific and engineering personnel** The Foundation is authorized and directed—
(1) to initiate and support basic scientific research and programs to strengthen scientific research potential and science education programs at all levels in the mathematical, physical, medical, biological, social, and other sciences, and to initiate and support research fundamental to the engineering process and programs to strengthen engineering research potential and engineering education programs at all levels in the various fields of engineering, by making contracts or other arrangements (including grants, loans, and other forms of assistance) to support such scientific, engineering, and educational activities and to appraise the impact of research upon industrial development and upon the general welfare;
(2) to award, as provided in [section 1869 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1869&num=0&edition=prelim), scholarships and graduate fellowships for study and research in the sciences or in engineering;
(3) to foster the interchange of scientific and engineering information among scientists and engineers in the United States and foreign countries;
(4) to foster and support the development and use of computer and other scientific and engineering methods and technologies, primarily for research and education in the sciences and engineering;
(5) to evaluate the status and needs of the various sciences and fields of engineering as evidenced by programs, projects, and studies undertaken by agencies of the Federal Government, by individuals, and by public and private research groups, employing by grant or contract such consulting services as i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 1862
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) **Director** — The term “Director” means the Director of the National Science Foundation.
(2) **Institution of higher education** — The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given that term in [section 1001(a) of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 7402
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall coordinate the research programs authorized by this chapter or pursuant to amendments made by this chapter. The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall work with the Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to ensure that programs authorized by this chapter or pursuant to amendments made by this chapter are taken into account in any government-wide cyber security research effort.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 7409
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Immigration status** No grant or fellowship may be awarded under this chapter, directly or indirectly, to any individual who is in violation of the terms of his or her status as a nonimmigrant under section 1101(a)(15)(F), (M), or (J) of title 8.
**(b) Aliens from certain countries** No grant or fellowship may be awarded under this chapter, directly or indirectly, to any alien from a country that is a state sponsor of international terrorism, as defined under [section 1735(b) of title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1735/b&num=0&edition=prelim), unless the Secretary of State determines, in consultation with the Attorney General and the heads of other appropriate agencies, that such alien does not pose a threat to the safety or national security of the United States.
**(c) Non-complying institutions** No grant or fellowship may be awarded under this chapter, directly or indirectly, to any institution of higher education or non-profit institution (or consortia thereof) that has—
(1) materially failed to comply with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements to receive nonimmigrant students or exchange visitor program participants under section 1101(a)(15)(F), (M), or (J) of title 8, or [section 1372 of title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1372&num=0&edition=prelim), as required by [section 1762 of title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1762&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(2) been suspended or terminated pursuant to [section 1762(c) of title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1762/c&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 7410
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Within 24 months after November 27, 2002, the Director, in consultation with the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, shall submit to Congress a report reviewing this chapter to ensure that the programs and fellowships are being awarded under this chapter to individuals and institutions of higher education who are in compliance with the Immigration and Nationality Act ([8 U.S.C. 1101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) in order to protect our national security.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 7411
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2347
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 7401
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the
original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 107–231, Oct. 1,
2002, 116 Stat. 1471, known as the National Construction
Safety Team Act, which is classified principally to this
chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7301 of
this title and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
2022—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted ‘‘Section
1013 of title 5’’ for ‘‘Section 14 of the Federal Advisory
Committee Act’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CHANGE OF NAME
Committee on Science of House of Representatives
changed to Committee on Science and Technology of
House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6,
One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007. Committee
on Science and Technology of House of Representatives
changed to Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of House of Representatives by House Resolu-
tion No. 5, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Jan. 5, 2011.
§ 7311. Additional applicability
The authorities and restrictions applicable
under this chapter to the Director and to Teams
shall apply to the activities of the National In-
stitute of Standards and Technology in response
to the attacks of September 11, 2001.
(Pub. L. 107–231, § 12, Oct. 1, 2002, 116 Stat. 1476.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original
‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 107–231, Oct. 1, 2002, 116
Stat. 1471, known as the National Construction Safety
Team Act, which is classified principally to this chap-
ter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code,
see Short Title note set out under section 7301 of this
title and Tables.
§ 7312. C
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 7401
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