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15 U.S.C. § 1681h — Conditions and form of disclosure to consumers
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general**
(1) **Proper identification** — A consumer reporting agency shall require, as a condition of making the disclosures required under [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim), that the consumer furnish proper identification.
(2) **Disclosure in writing** — Except as provided in subsection (b), the disclosures required to be made under [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be provided under that section in writing.
**(b) Other forms of disclosure**
(1) **In general** — If authorized by a consumer, a consumer reporting agency may make the disclosures required under 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by “section”. 1681g of this title—
(A) other than in writing; and
(B) in such form as may be—
(i) specified by the consumer in accordance with paragraph (2); and
(ii) available from the agency.
(2) **Form** — A consumer may specify pursuant to paragraph (1) that disclosures under [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be made—
(A) in person, upon the appearance of the consumer at the place of business of the consumer reporting agency where disclosures are regularly provided, during normal business hours, and on reasonable notice;
(B) by telephone, if the consumer has made a written request for disclosure by telephone;
(C) by electronic means, if available from the agency; or
(D) by any other reasonable means that is available from the agency.
**(c) Trained personnel** Any consumer reporting agency shall provide trained person
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_6ae8910e76bce56f4ff21af0
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-1681h-conditions-and-form-of-disclosure-to-consumers--83f1aa6e81.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 41, § 1681h; chapter-041-consumer-credit-protection.md
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**(a) In general**
(1) **Proper identification** — A consumer reporting agency shall require, as a condition of making the disclosures required under [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim), that the consumer furnish proper identification.
(2) **Disclosure in writing** — Except as provided in subsection (b), the disclosures required to be made under [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be provided under that section in writing.
**(b) Other forms of disclosure**
(1) **In general** — If authorized by a consumer, a consumer reporting agency may make the disclosures required under 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by “section”. 1681g of this title—
(A) other than in writing; and
(B) in such form as may be—
(i) specified by the consumer in accordance with paragraph (2); and
(ii) available from the agency.
(2) **Form** — A consumer may specify pursuant to paragraph (1) that disclosures under [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be made—
(A) in person, upon the appearance of the consumer at the place of business of the consumer reporting agency where disclosures are regularly provided, during normal business hours, and on reasonable notice;
(B) by telephone, if the consumer has made a written request for disclosure by telephone;
(C) by electronic means, if available from the agency; or
(D) by any other reasonable means that is available from the agency.
**(c) Trained personnel** Any consumer reporting agency shall provide trained personnel to explain to the consumer any information furnished to him pursuant to [section 1681g of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681g&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(d) Persons accompanying consumer** The consumer shall be permitted to be accompanied by one other person of his choosing, who shall furnish reasonable identification. A consumer reporting agency may require the consumer to furnish a written statement granting permission to the consumer reporting agency to discuss the consumer’s file in such person’s presence.
**(e) Limitation of liability** Except as provided in sections 1681n and 1681o of this title, no consumer may bring any action or proceeding in the nature of defamation, invasion of privacy, or negligence with respect to the reporting of information against any consumer reporting agency, any user of information, or any person who furnishes information to a consumer reporting agency, based on information disclosed pursuant to section 1681g, 1681h, or 1681m of this title, or based on information disclosed by a user of a consumer report to or for a consumer against whom the user has taken adverse action, based in whole or in part on the report 22 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma. except as to false information furnished with malice or willful intent to injure such consumer.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Accuracy and fairness of credit reporting** The Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The banking system is dependent upon fair and accurate credit reporting. Inaccurate credit reports directly impair the efficiency of the banking system, and unfair credit reporting methods undermine the public confidence which is essential to the continued functioning of the banking system.
(2) An elaborate mechanism has been developed for investigating and evaluating the credit worthiness, credit standing, credit capacity, character, and general reputation of consumers.
(3) Consumer reporting agencies have assumed a vital role in assembling and evaluating consumer credit and other information on consumers.
(4) There is a need to insure that consumer reporting agencies exercise their grave responsibilities with fairness, impartiality, and a respect for the consumer’s right to privacy.
**(b) Reasonable procedures** It is the purpose of this subchapter to require that consumer reporting agencies adopt reasonable procedures for meeting the needs of commerce for consumer credit, personnel, insurance, and other information in a manner which is fair and equitable to the consumer, with regard to the confidentiality, accuracy, relevancy, and proper utilization of such information in accordance with the requirements of this subchapter.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1681
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Definitions and rules of construction set forth in this section are applicable for the purposes of this subchapter.
**(b)** The term “person” means any individual, partnership, corporation, trust, estate, cooperative, association, government or governmental subdivision or agency, or other entity.
**(c)** The term “consumer” means an individual.
**(d) Consumer Report.—**
(1) **In general.—** — The term “consumer report” means any written, oral, or other communication of any information by a consumer reporting agency bearing on a consumer’s credit worthiness, credit standing, credit capacity, character, general reputation, personal characteristics, or mode of living which is used or expected to be used or collected in whole or in part for the purpose of serving as a factor in establishing the consumer’s eligibility for—
(A) credit or insurance to be used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes;
(B) employment purposes; or
(C) any other purpose authorized under [section 1681b of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681b&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Exclusions.—** — Except as provided in paragraph (3), the term “consumer report” does not include—
(A) subject to [section 1681s–3 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681s-3&num=0&edition=prelim), any—
(i) report containing information solely as to transactions or experiences between the consumer and the person making the report;
(ii) communication of that information among persons related by common ownership or affiliated by corporate control; or
(iii) communication of other information among persons related by common ownership or affiliated by corporate control, if it
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1681a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(a) Information on file; sources; report recipients
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1681g
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1588
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 1681h
1 So in original. Probably should be followed by ‘‘section’’.
2 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.
see section 2420 of Pub. L. 104–208, set out as a note
under section 1681a of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective upon the expiration of one hundred
and eighty days following Oct. 26, 1970, see section
504(d) of Pub. L. 90–321, as added by Pub. L. 91–508, set
out as a note under section 1681 of this title.
SIMPLIFIED DISCLOSURE TO MAXIMIZE
COMPREHENSIBILITY AND STANDARDIZATION
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2408(e)(2), (3), Sept.
30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–438, 3009–439, provided that:
‘‘(2) SIMPLIFIED DISCLOSURE.—Not later than 90 days
after the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996],
each consumer reporting agency shall develop a form
on which such consumer reporting agency shall make
the disclosures required under section 609(a) of the Fair
Credit Reporting Act [15 U.S.C. 1681g(a)], for the pur-
pose of maximizing the comprehensibility and stand-
ardization of such disclosures.
‘‘(3) GOALS.—The Federal Trade Commission shall
take appropriate action to assure that the goals of
comprehensibility and standardization are achieved in
accordance with paragraph (2).’’
§ 1681h. Conditions and form of disclosure to
consumers
(a) In general
(1) Proper identification
A consumer reporting agency shall require,
as a condition of making the disclosures re-
quired under section 1681g of this title, that
the consumer furnish proper identification.
(2) Disclosure in writing
Except as provided in subsection (b), the dis-
closures required to be made under section
1681g of this title shall be provided under that
section in writing.
(b) Other forms of disclosure
(1) In
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 1681h
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.