Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections

43 U.S.C. § 1748b–1 — Wildfire technology modernization

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

43 U.S.C. § 1748b–1 — Wildfire technology modernization

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 43 U.S.C. § 1748b–1

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.

Original supplied file — preserved unchanged

Download original Markdown file

File SHA-256: 8913ce3ff0f28b87179b05b4711ddfb48ec61e524d5b9adafad94216fccc6d0f. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.

Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.

Record provenance

Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_610959950df60ff209f04102
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-43/section-1748b1-wildfire-technology-modernization--443055c3c8.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: 9072d0d2ca735ea50f9734094a2f5206e2a2eb20ba07655ee5895297f7f83fce

Source location: Title 43, Chapter 35, § 1748b–1; chapter-035-federal-land-policy-and-management.md

Stored source content

**(a) Purpose** The purpose of this section is to promote the use of the best available technology to enhance the effective and cost-efficient response to wildfires— (1) to meet applicable protection objectives; and (2) to increase the safety of— (A) firefighters; and (B) the public. **(b) Definitions** In this section: (1) **Secretaries** — The term “Secretaries” means— (A) the Secretary of Agriculture; and (B) the Secretary. (2) **Secretary concerned** — The term “Secretary concerned” means— (A) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to activities under the Department of Agriculture; and (B) the Secretary, with respect to activities under the Department of the Interior. **(c) Unmanned aircraft systems** (1) **Definitions** — In this subsection, the terms “unmanned aircraft” and “unmanned aircraft system” have the meanings given those terms in [section 44801 of title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section44801&num=0&edition=prelim). (2) **Establishment of program** — Not later than 180 days after March 12, 2019, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall establish a research, development, and testing program, or expand an applicable existing program, to assess unmanned aircraft system technologies, including optionally piloted aircraft, across the full range of wildland fire management operations in order to accelerate the deployment and integration of those technologies into the operations of the Secretaries. (3) **Expanding use of unmanned aircraft systems on wildfires** — In carrying out the program established under paragraph (2), the Secretaries, in coordination with the Federal Aviation Administration, State wildland firefighting agencies, and other relevant Federal agencies, shall enter into an agreement under which the Secretaries shall develop consistent protocols and plans for the use on wildland fires of unmanned aircraft system technologies, including for the development of real-time maps of the location of wildland fires. **(d) Location systems for wildland firefighters** (1) **In general** — Not later than 2 years after March 12, 2019, subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretaries, in coordination with State wildland firefighting agencies, shall jointly develop and operate a tracking system (referred to in this subsection as the “system”) to remotely locate the positions of fire resources for use by wildland firefighters, including, at a minimum, any fire resources assigned to Federal type 1 wildland fire incident management teams. (2) **Requirements** — The system shall— (A) use the most practical and effective technology available to the Secretaries to remotely track the location of an active resource, such as a Global Positioning System; (B) depict the location of each fire resource on the applicable maps developed under subsection (c)(3); (C) operate continuously during the period for which any firefighting personnel are assigned to the applicable Federal wildland fire; and (D) be subject to such terms and conditions as the Secretary concerned determines necessary for the effective implementation of the system. (3) **Operation** — The Secretary concerned shall— (A) before commencing operation of the system— (i) conduct not fewer than 2 pilot projects relating to the operation, management, and effectiveness of the system; and (ii) review the results of those pilot projects; (B) conduct training, and maintain a culture, such that an employee, officer, or contractor shall not rely on the system for safety; and (C) establish procedures for the collection, storage, and transfer of data collected under this subsection to ensure— (i) data security; and (ii) the privacy of wildland fire personnel. **(e) Wildland fire decision support** (1) **Protocol** — To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretaries shall ensure that wildland fire management activities conducted by the Secretaries, or conducted jointly by the Secretaries and State wildland firefighting agencies, achieve compliance with applicable incident management objectives in a manner that— (A) minimizes firefighter exposure to the lowest level necessary; and (B) reduces overall costs of wildfire incidents. (2) **Wildfire decision support system** (A) *In general* — The Secretaries, in coordination with State wildland firefighting agencies, shall establish a system or expand an existing system to track and monitor decisions made by the Secretaries or State wildland firefighting agencies in managing wildfires. (B) *Components* — The system established or expanded under subparagraph (A) shall be able to alert the Secretaries if— (i) unusual costs are incurred; (ii) an action to be carried out would likely— (I) endanger the safety of a firefighter; or (II) be ineffective in meeting an applicable suppression or protection goal; or (iii) a decision regarding the management of a wildfire deviates from— (I) an applicable protocol established by the Secretaries, including the requirement under paragraph (1); or (II) an applicable spatial fire management plan or fire management plan of the Secretary concerned. **(f) Smoke projections from active wildland fires** The Secretaries shall establish a program, to be known as the “Interagency Wildland Fire Air Quality Response Program”, under which the Secretary concerned— (1) to the maximum extent practicable, shall assign 1 or more air resource advisors to a type 1 incident management team managing a Federal wildland fire; and (2) may assign 1 or more air resource advisors to a type 2 incident management team managing a wildland fire. **(g) Omitted** **(h) Rapid Response Erosion Database** (1) **In general** — The Secretaries, in consultation with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Secretary of Commerce, shall establish and maintain a database, to be known as the “Rapid Response Erosion Database” (referred to in this subsection as the “Database”). (2) **Open-source Database** (A) *Availability* — The Secretaries shall make the Database (including the original source code)— (i) web-based; and (ii) available without charge. (B) *Components* — To the maximum extent practicable, the Database shall provide for— (i) the automatic incorporation of spatial data relating to vegetation, soils, and elevation into an applicable map created by the Secretary concerned that depicts the changes in land-cover and soil properties caused by a wildland fire; and (ii) the generation of a composite map that can be used by the Secretary concerned to model the effectiveness of treatments in the burned area to prevent flooding, erosion, and landslides under a range of weather scenarios. (3) **Use** — The Secretary concerned shall use the Database, as applicable, in developing recommendations for emergency stabilization treatments or modifications to drainage structures to protect values-at-risk following a wildland fire. (4) **Coordination** — The Secretaries may share the Database, and any results generated in using the Database, with any State or unit of local government. **(i) Predicting where wildfires will start** (1) **In general** — The Secretaries, in consultation with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary of Commerce, through the capabilities and assets located at the National Laboratories, shall establish and maintain a system to predict the locations of future wildfires for fire-prone areas of the United States. (2) **Cooperation; components** — The system established under paragraph (1) shall be based on, and seek to enhance, similar systems in existence on March 12, 2019, including the Fire Danger Assessment System. (3) **Use in forecasts** — Not later than 1 year after March 12, 2019, the Secretaries shall use the system established under paragraph (1), to the maximum extent practicable, for purposes of developing any wildland fire potential forecasts. (4) **Coordination** — The Secretaries may share the system established under paragraph (1), and any results generated in using the system, with any State or unit of local government. **(j) Termination of authority** The authority provided by this section terminates on the date that is 10 years after March 12, 2019. **(k) Savings clause** Nothing in this section— (1) requires the Secretary concerned to establish a new program, system, or database to replace an existing program, system, or database that meets the objectives of this section; or (2) precludes the Secretary concerned from using existing or future technology that— (A) is more efficient, safer, or better meets the needs of firefighters, other personnel, or the public; and (B) meets the objectives of this section.

Cross-references

Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 2208 — National Fire Data Center

**(a) Functions** The Administrator shall operate, directly or through contracts or grants, an integrated, comprehensive National Fire Data Center for the selection, analysis, publication, and dissemination of information related to the prevention, occurrence, control, and results of fires of all types. The program of such Data Center shall be designed to (1) provide an accurate nationwide analysis of the fire problem, (2) identify major problem areas, (3) assist in setting priorities, (4) determine possible solutions to problems, and (5) monitor the progress of programs to reduce fire losses. To carry out these functions, the Data Center shall gather and analyze— (1) information on the frequency, causes, spread, and extinguishment of fires; (2) information on the number of injuries and deaths resulting from fires, including the maximum available information on the specific causes and nature of such injuries and deaths, categorized by the type of fire, and information on property losses; (3) information on the occupational hazards faced by firefighters, including the causes of deaths and injuries arising, directly and indirectly, from firefighting activities, including— (A) all injuries sustained by a firefighter and treated by a doctor, categorized by the type of firefighter; (B) all deaths sustained while undergoing a pack test or preparing for a work capacity; (C) all injuries or deaths resulting from vehicle accidents; and (D) all injuries or deaths resulting from aircraft crashes; (4) information on all types of firefighting activities, including inspection practices; (5) technical information related to building construction, fire properties of materials, and similar information; (6) information on fire prevention and control laws, systems, metho

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2208

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

49 U.S.C. § 44801 — Definitions

In this chapter, the following definitions apply: (1) **Actively tethered unmanned aircraft system.—** — The term “actively tethered unmanned aircraft system” means an unmanned aircraft system in which the unmanned aircraft component— (A) weighs 55 pounds or less, including payload but not including the tether; (B) is physically attached to a ground station with a taut, appropriately load-rated tether that provides continuous power to the unmanned aircraft and is unlikely to be separated from the unmanned aircraft; (C) is controlled and retrieved by such ground station through physical manipulation of the tether; (D) is able to maintain safe flight control in the event of a power or flight control failure during flight; and (E) is programmed to initiate a controlled landing in the event of a tether separation. (2) **Appropriate committees of congress.—** — The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives. (3) **Arctic.—** — The term “Arctic” means the United States zone of the Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, and Bering Sea north of the Aleutian chain. (4) **Certificate of waiver; certificate of authorization.—** — The terms “certificate of waiver” and “certificate of authorization” mean a Federal Aviation Administration grant of approval for a specific flight operation. (5) **Counter-UAS system.—** — The term “counter-UAS system” means a system or device capable of lawfully and safely disabling, disrupting, or seizing control of an unmanned aircraft or unmanned aircraft system. (6) **Permanent areas.—** — The term “permanent areas” means areas on land or water that provide for launch, recovery, and

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 44801

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

16 U.S.C. § 1 — Repealed. Pub. L. 113–287, § 7, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3272

### Statutory Notes Section, act Aug. 25, 1916, ch. 408, § 1, 39 Stat. 535; Ex. Ord. No. 6166, § 2, June 10, 1933; Mar. 2, 1934, ch. 38, § 1, 48 Stat. 389; July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, § 205(a), 61 Stat. 501; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title VIII, § 814(e)(1), Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4196, related to creation of National Park Service. See sections 100101(a), 100301, and 100302(a)(1), (2), (b), (c) of Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs. #### Short Title of 2019 Amendment Pub. L. 116–9, § 1(a), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 580, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act’.” #### Short Title of 2008 Amendment Pub. L. 110–229, § 1(a), May 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 754, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008’.” #### Short Title of 2004 Amendment Pub. L. 108–352, § 1, Oct. 21, 2004, 118 Stat. 1395, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘National Park System Laws Technical Amendments Act of 2004’.” #### Short Title of 2002 Amendment Pub. L. 107–236, § 1, Oct. 9, 2002, 116 Stat. 1483, provided that: “This Act [amending [section 460kk of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section460kk&num=0&edition=prelim)] may be cited as the ‘Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area Boundary Adjustment Act’.” #### Short Title of 2000 Amendment Pub. L. 106–510, § 1, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2363, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Adjustment Act of 2000’.” #### Short Title of 1983 Amendment Pub. L. 98–141, § 1, Oct. 31, 1983, 97 Stat.

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.