Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections
15 U.S.C. § 9411 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) **Advisory Committee** — The term “Advisory Committee” means the National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee established under [section 9414(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9414/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Agency head** — The term “agency head” means the head of any Executive agency (as defined in [section 105 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section105&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(3) **Artificial intelligence** — The term “artificial intelligence” means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations or decisions influencing real or virtual environments. Artificial intelligence systems use machine and human-based inputs to—
(A) perceive real and virtual environments;
(B) abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner; and
(C) use model inference to formulate options for information or action.
(4) **Community college** — The term “community college” means a public institution of higher education at which the highest degree that is predominantly awarded to students is an associate’s degree, including 2-year Tribal Colleges or Universities under [section 1059c of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1059c&num=0&edition=prelim) and public 2-year State institutions of higher education.
(5) **Initiative** — The term “Initiative” means the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative established under [section 9411(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9411/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Initiative Office** — The term “Initiative O
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 9411
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.
Original supplied file — preserved unchanged
Download original Markdown file
File SHA-256: 072352a95429015815f22c01a5b2e353152c8f3d7b60c2883d6e040046734cac. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Open the recorded source website ↗
Record provenance
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_600c1506832259a24cf576c6
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-9411-definitions--95344d4e00.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: bb9f0327ebb91bd5803cb9b610d5f549607319798cf2041e22cdca8499e202a3
Source location: Title 15, Chapter 119, § 9411; chapter-119-national-artificial-intelligence-initiative.md
Stored source content
In this chapter:
(1) **Advisory Committee** — The term “Advisory Committee” means the National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee established under [section 9414(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9414/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Agency head** — The term “agency head” means the head of any Executive agency (as defined in [section 105 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section105&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(3) **Artificial intelligence** — The term “artificial intelligence” means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations or decisions influencing real or virtual environments. Artificial intelligence systems use machine and human-based inputs to—
(A) perceive real and virtual environments;
(B) abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner; and
(C) use model inference to formulate options for information or action.
(4) **Community college** — The term “community college” means a public institution of higher education at which the highest degree that is predominantly awarded to students is an associate’s degree, including 2-year Tribal Colleges or Universities under [section 1059c of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1059c&num=0&edition=prelim) and public 2-year State institutions of higher education.
(5) **Initiative** — The term “Initiative” means the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative established under [section 9411(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9411/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Initiative Office** — The term “Initiative Office” means the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Office established under [section 9412(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9412/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(7) **Institute** — The term “Institute” means an Artificial Intelligence Research Institute described in [section 9431(b)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9431/b/2&num=0&edition=prelim).
(8) **Institution of higher education** — The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001 and [section 1002(c) of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1002/c&num=0&edition=prelim).
(9) **Interagency Committee** — The term “Interagency Committee” means the interagency committee established under [section 9413(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section9413/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(10) **K-12 education** — The term “K-12 education” means elementary school and secondary school education provided by local educational agencies, as such agencies are defined in [section 7801 of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section7801&num=0&edition=prelim).
(11) **Machine learning** — The term “machine learning” means an application of artificial intelligence that is characterized by providing systems the ability to automatically learn and improve on the basis of data or experience, without being explicitly programmed.
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds and declares that—
(1) various species of fish, wildlife, and plants in the United States have been rendered extinct as a consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation;
(2) other species of fish, wildlife, and plants have been so depleted in numbers that they are in danger of or threatened with extinction;
(3) these species of fish, wildlife, and plants are of esthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, and scientific value to the Nation and its people;
(4) the United States has pledged itself as a sovereign state in the international community to conserve to the extent practicable the various species of fish or wildlife and plants facing extinction, pursuant to—
(A) migratory bird treaties with Canada and Mexico;
(B) the Migratory and Endangered Bird Treaty with Japan;
(C) the Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemisphere;
(D) the International Convention for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries;
(E) the International Convention for the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean;
(F) the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora; and
(G) other international agreements; and
(5) encouraging the States and other interested parties, through Federal financial assistance and a system of incentives, to develop and maintain conservation programs which meet national and international standards is a key to meeting the Nation’s international commitments and to better safeguarding, for the benefit of all citizens, the Nation’s heritage in fish, wildlife, and plants.
**(b) Purposes** The purposes of this chapter are to provide a means whereby the ecosystems upon which endangered
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1531
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Restoration and maintenance of chemical, physical and biological integrity of Nation’s waters; national goals for achievement of objective** The objective of this chapter is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation’s waters. In order to achieve this objective it is hereby declared that, consistent with the provisions of this chapter—
(1) it is the national goal that the discharge of pollutants into the navigable waters be eliminated by 1985;
(2) it is the national goal that wherever attainable, an interim goal of water quality which provides for the protection and propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife and provides for recreation in and on the water be achieved by July 1, 1983;
(3) it is the national policy that the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts be prohibited;
(4) it is the national policy that Federal financial assistance be provided to construct publicly owned waste treatment works;
(5) it is the national policy that areawide waste treatment management planning processes be developed and implemented to assure adequate control of sources of pollutants in each State;
(6) it is the national policy that a major research and demonstration effort be made to develop technology necessary to eliminate the discharge of pollutants into the navigable waters, waters of the contiguous zone, and the oceans; and
(7) it is the national policy that programs for the control of nonpoint sources of pollution be developed and implemented in an expeditious manner so as to enable the goals of this chapter to be met through the control of both point and nonpoint sources of pollution.
**(b) Congressional recognition, preservation, and protection of primary responsibilities and rights of States** It is the policy
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 33 U.S.C. § 1251
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Mandatory application** All provisions of sections 5305(b), 5306, 5307, 5321(c) and (d), 5323, 5324(k) and (l), 5325(a) through (k), and 5332 of this title and section 314 of Public Law 101–512 (coverage under chapter 171 of title 28, commonly known as the “Federal Tort Claims Act”), to the extent not in conflict with this subchapter, shall apply to compacts and funding agreements authorized by this subchapter.
**(b) Discretionary application** At the request of a participating Indian tribe, any other provision of subchapter I of this chapter, to the extent such provision is not in conflict with this subchapter, shall be made a part of a funding agreement or compact entered into under this subchapter. The Secretary is obligated to include such provision at the option of the participating Indian tribe or tribes. If such provision is incorporated it shall have the same force and effect as if it were set out in full in this subchapter. In the event an Indian tribe requests such incorporation at the negotiation stage of a compact or funding agreement, such incorporation shall be deemed effective immediately and shall control the negotiation and resulting compact and funding agreement.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 25 U.S.C. § 5301
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 114–94, div. D, title XLI, § 41013, Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1761, provided that this subchapter shall terminate 7 years after Dec. 4, 2015.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4321
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Prohibitions and permissions** It shall not be lawful for any person or persons to take possession of or make use of for any purpose, or build upon, alter, deface, destroy, move, injure, obstruct by fastening vessels thereto or otherwise, or in any manner whatever impair the usefulness of any sea wall, bulkhead, jetty, dike, levee, wharf, pier, or other work built by the United States, or any piece of plant, floating or otherwise, used in the construction of such work under the control of the United States, in whole or in part, for the preservation and improvement of any of its navigable waters or to prevent floods, or as boundary marks, tide gauges, surveying stations, buoys, or other established marks, nor remove for ballast or other purposes any stone or other material composing such works: Provided, That the Secretary of the Army may, on the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers, grant permission for the temporary occupation or use of any of the aforementioned public works when in his judgment such occupation or use will not be injurious to the public interest: Provided further, That the Secretary may, on the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers, grant permission for the alteration or permanent occupation or use of any of the aforementioned public works when in the judgment of the Secretary such occupation or use will not be injurious to the public interest and will not impair the usefulness of such work.
**(b) Concurrent review**
(1) **NEPA review**
(A) *In general* — In any case in which an activity subject to this section requires a review under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ([42 U.S.C. 4321](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4321&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), review and approval of the
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 33 U.S.C. § 408
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of this title, “Executive agency” means an Executive department, a Government corporation, and an independent establishment.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 105
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** There is established within the Office of the Administrator an Office of the Municipal Ombudsman, to be headed by a Municipal Ombudsman.
**(b) General duties** The duties of the Municipal Ombudsman shall include the provision of—
(1) technical assistance to municipalities seeking to comply with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act [[33 U.S.C. 1251](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section1251&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]; and
(2) information to the Administrator to help the Administrator ensure that agency policies are implemented by all offices of the Environmental Protection Agency, including regional offices.
**(c) Actions required** The Municipal Ombudsman shall work with appropriate offices at the headquarters and regional offices of the Environmental Protection Agency to ensure that a municipality seeking assistance is provided information regarding—
(1) available Federal financial assistance for which the municipality is eligible;
(2) flexibility available under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; and
(3) the opportunity to develop an integrated plan under section 402(s) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act [[33 U.S.C. 1342(s)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section1342/s&num=0&edition=prelim)].
**(d) Information sharing** The Municipal Ombudsman shall publish on the website of the Environmental Protection Agency—
(1) general information relating to—
(A) the technical assistance referred to in subsection (b)(1);
(B) the financial assistance referred to in subsection (c)(1);
(C) the flexibility referred to in subsection (c)(2); and
(D) any resources developed by the Administrator related to integrated plans under section 402(s) of th
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4370m
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Except as otherwise provided, in this chapter:
(1) **Average daily attendance**
(A) *In general* — Except as provided otherwise by State law or this paragraph, the term “average daily attendance” means—
(i) the aggregate number of days of attendance of all students during a school year; divided by
(ii) the number of days school is in session during that year.
(B) *Conversion* — The Secretary shall permit the conversion of average daily membership (or other similar data) to average daily attendance for local educational agencies in States that provide State aid to local educational agencies on the basis of average daily membership (or other similar data).
(C) *Special rule* — If the local educational agency in which a child resides makes a tuition or other payment for the free public education of the child in a school located in another school district, the Secretary shall, for the purpose of this chapter—
(i) consider the child to be in attendance at a school of the agency making the payment; and
(ii) not consider the child to be in attendance at a school of the agency receiving the payment.
(D) *Children with disabilities* — If a local educational agency makes a tuition payment to a private school or to a public school of another local educational agency for a child with a disability, as defined in [section 1401 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1401&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary shall, for the purpose of this chapter, consider the child to be in attendance at a school of the agency making the payment.
(2) **Average per-pupil expenditure** — The term “average per-pupil expenditure” means, in the case of a State or of the United States—
(A) without regard to the source o
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 7801
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Goals** Any application for a grant under this part shall describe measurable goals for the institution’s financial management and academic programs, and include a plan of how the applicant intends to achieve those goals.
**(b) Continuation requirements** Any continuation application shall demonstrate the progress made toward achievement of the goals described pursuant to subsection (a).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 1059c
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this subchapter:
(1) **Agency** — The term “agency” has the meaning given the term in [section 551 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section551&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Agency CERPO** — The term “agency CERPO” means the chief environmental review and permitting officer of an agency, as designated by the head of the agency under [section 4370m–1(b)(2)(A)(iii)(I) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4370m–1/b/2/A/iii/I&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Authorization** — The term “authorization” means any license, permit, approval, finding, determination, or other administrative decision issued by an agency and any interagency consultation that is required or authorized under Federal law in order to site, construct, reconstruct, or commence operations of a covered project administered by a Federal agency or, in the case of a State that chooses to participate in the environmental review and authorization process in accordance with [section 4370m–2(c)(3)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4370m–2/c/3/A&num=0&edition=prelim), a State agency.
(4) **Cooperating agency** — The term “cooperating agency” has the meaning given the term in section 1508.1 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations).
(5) **Council** — The term “Council” means the Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council established under [section 4370m–1(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4370m–1/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Covered project**
(A) *In general* — The term “covered project” means any activity in the United States that requires authorization or env
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4370m–1
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.